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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 15 (1982), S. 1491-1497 
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 27 (1994), S. 2034-2040 
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Fluidized beds offer a potential improvement of reverse osmosis processes for food liquids, less fouling of the membrane, and reduced energy consumption. Our experiments were concerned with tubular systems in which fluidized beds of glass, steel, and lead beads were used. Glass beads appeared to be preferable, since they caused little damage to the membrane. Only with the larger glass beads (3 mm) did the membrane skin become corrugated, so that the rejection decreased. The permeate flux for Gouda cheese whey was almost equal to that of an empty tube for which the velocity was about thirty times higher. The erosive action of the glass beads on the fouling layer was partially responsible for this effect. For reverse osmosis of skim milk and potato fruit water the bed did not reduce the fouling layer to a sufficient extent and, therefore, had a lower permeate flux than an empty tube.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 258 (1980), S. 991-991 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 258 (1980), S. 992-993 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zwei Mechanismen der flüssig-flüssig Phasentrennung in Polymerlösungen sind möglich: 1. Keimbildung und Wachstum einer der Gleichgewichtsphasen und 2. Auftrennung durch einen spinodalen Mechanismus. Die Bedingungen für und das Charakteristische beider Mechanismen wird diskutiert. Durch Kombination einer Zahl von Beobachtungen auf die Phasentrennung in konzentrierten Lösungen aus Poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenäther) und einem Äthylen-vinyl-acetatcopolymer in Caprolactam wird klar, daß ein spinodaler Mechanismus bei Einsatz des Trennprozesses wirksam wird. In späteren Stadien bestimmen die Fließeigenschaften der konzentrierten polymeren Phase den endgültigen Zustand der getrennten Mischung.
    Notes: Summary Two mechanisms of liquid-liquid phase separation in polymer solutions are possible: nucleation and growth of one of the equilibrium phases, and decomposition by a spinodal mechanism. The conditions for and characteristics of both mechanisms are discussed. By combining a number of observations on phase separation in concentrated solutions of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether) and of an ethylene — vinyl acetate copolymer in caprolactam, it becomes clear that a spinodal mechanism is operative at the onset of the separation process. In later stages the flow properties of the concentrated polymer phase determine the final state of the separated mixture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In this paper the technique is discussed of sample preparation for freshly wet-spun polymer fibers, to be examined by scanning electron microscopy. It makes use of cryogenic breaking of the samples, followed by freeze drying or freeze-etching of the specimen and coating it with a charge conducting layer. The method can also be adapted to the investigation of intermediate coagulation structures of the spinning fiber. Results are discussed for nylon-6 and polyurethane wet-spun fibers.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In diesem Beitrag wird eine Methode zum Präparieren von Proben naß-gesponnener Polymerfasern, die noch nicht weiter bearbeitet sind, zwecks Untersuchung mit einem Raster-Elektronenmikroskop, besprochen. Bei dieser Methode werden die Fasern kryogen gebrochen, gefolgt durch Gefriertrocknen oder Gefrierätzen der Fasern, wonach die Fasern mit einer gut leitenden Schicht überdeckt werden. Diese Methode kann auch angewendet werden für die Untersuchung von Zwischenstrukturen der Fasern während des Spinnprozesses. Ergebnisse werden besprochen für Nylon-6 und Polyurethane-naß-gesponnene Fasern.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 27 (1989), S. 4129-4141 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The influence of preparation history upon the thermal cyclodehydration reaction of polyhydrazide samples has been investigated. Solid polyhydrazide samples were prepared from DMSO solutions using the phase-inversion technique. Significant differences in conversion rates were observed between samples prepared by nonsolvent immersion precipitation and by evaporation of solvent. It appeared that contact with the nonsolvent water during the sample preparation process has considerable influence on the conversion rate. Not only does the immersion in and washing with water lead to a better removal of the solvent also the pH of the water determines the rate of conversion. A distinct change in the conversion rate is found for washing water at a pH of 7. Basic washing solutions showing lower conversion rates than acid ones. A mechanism explaining these phenomena is proposed.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 27 (1989), S. 3481-3494 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The thermal behavior of poly(1,3-phenyl-1,4-phenyl)-4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole has been investigated using different scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TG). Processes are studied for this thermally stable polymer that take place between 200 and 500°C. While the polycondensation reaction product in powder from appeared to be partially crystalline, films prepared by casting from a formic acid solution appeared to be completely amorphous. A thermal treatment between Tg(∼ 270°C) and Tm(∼ 430°C) can introduce crystallinity in the films because of the polymer's ability to cold crystallize. The cold crystallization temperature Tc seems to be dependent on the preparation history of the solid polymer phase. Thermal annealing of the films just below Tg does not introduce crystallinity but inhibits subsequent cold crystallization at higher temperatures. Crystallization upon cooling from the crystalline melt has not been observed either. At temperatures just above the crystalline melting point the polymer starts to decompose in an exothermic reaction.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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