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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unit gravity sedimentation separation of cells comprising the caput epididymidis of the rat (1977)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 183 (1977), S. 371-378 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Epididymis, rat ; Epithelium, isolation ; Unit gravity sedimentation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cells from the rat caput epididymidis were separated by unit gravity sedimentation. Purest 12-ml fractions contained 88–95% basal cells or 64–76% principal cells. Ultrastructure of separated cells was similar to that of cells in intact tissue. Viability of separated cells was excellent as determined by dye exclusion tests and cellular ATP content. By combining fractions pools containing 4.0±0.9 × 106 cells (86±8% basal cells) and 1.4±0.4 × 106 cells (56±7% principal cells) were obtained. Thus, studies on the function of basal and principal cells from the rat caput epididymidis should be possible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00220643
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differentiation of type II cells of human fetal lung in vitro (1981)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 220 (1981), S. 17-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Lung ; Human ; Lamellar bodies ; Phospholipids ; Differentiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Lung tissue expiants from mid-trimester human abortuses were maintained for 8 days in organ culture in medium with or without serum. Before the start of culture the cells lining the pre-alveolar ducts were undifferentiated and contained no lamellar bodies, the intracellular organelle that contains surfactant. After 4 days in organ culture, the epithelium lining the pre-alveolar ducts was composed of differentiated type II cells containing numerous lamellar bodies. During the 8-day culture period there was increased incorporation of [3H]choline into phosphatidylcholine and disaturated phosphatidylcholine. In addition, the specific activity of phosphatidate phosphohydrolase, a regulatory enzyme in lung phospholipid synthesis, increased 4-fold during the culture period. Lamellar bodies isolated by differential centrifugation from expiants maintained in culture for 7 days had the characteristic ultrastructure described for this organelle. Lamellar bodies were isolated from expiants which had been incubated with [14C]glycerol. When the glycerophospholipid composition of lamellar bodies was analyzed it was found that the majority of the radiolabeled glycerol (74%) was incorporated into phosphatidylcholine and into the anionic phospholipids, phosphatidylglycerol (5%) and phosphatidylinositol (6%). Thus, human fetal lung expiants maintained in organ culture contain differentiated type II cells which synthesize surfactant characteristic of human fetal lung at 36 to 38 weeks of gestation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00209962
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An ultrastructural, morphometric analysis of rabbit fetal lung type II cell differentiation in vivo (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 229 (1991), S. 73-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Rabbit lung type II cell differentiation was evaluated by use of ultrastructural, morphometric techniques. Fetal lung epithelial cells decreased in size dramatically from day 19 to day 21 of gestation. Thereafter, the cell and cytoplasmic cross-sectional area declined gradually until the neonatal time point. The tall columnar cell shape characteristic of fetal lung epithelial cells at early stages of development became cuboidal by day 24 of gestation. The number of mitochondria per μm2 cytoplasmic area in presumptive alveolar epithelial cells and the mitochondrial volume density increased toward the end of gestation. The volume density of glycogen pools within fetal lung epithelial cells reached a plateau on day 21 of gestation and then declined sharply on day 26 of gestation in lamellar body-containing, type II epithelial cells. Lamellar bodies increased in number and volume density in epithelial cells starting on day 26 of gestation and peaked with respect to these parameters in the neonatal lung tissue. Multivesicular bodies, which are thought to be a precursor to the lamellar body, became more prominent in differentiated type II cells on day 26 of gestation and increased in volume density from day 28 of gestation to the adult time point. The distance between mesenchymal and epithelial cells in fetal lung tissue declined sharply between days 24 and 26 of gestation but remained relatively constant thereafter. Foot processes extending from connective tissue cells contiguous to the epithelium were generally more numerous than those extending from the basal plasma membrane of epithelial cells at every stage of development examined. These data quantitate for the first time key ultrastructural events that occur during the differentiation of fetal lung epithelial cells in vivo.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092290109
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glucocorticoid effects on rabbit fetal lung maturation in vivo: An ultrastructural morphometric study (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 232 (1992), S. 133-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Maternal administration of glucocorticoids is known to stimulate fetal lung maturation. In the present study, we used microscopy and stereology to evaluate the morphological effects of maternal glucocorticoid treatment on rabbit fetal lung tissue. Betamethasone was administered to pregnant rabbits on days 25 and 26 of gestation at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg body weight. The animal were sacrificed on day 27 of gestation. Glucocorticoid treatment significantly increased the presumptive airspace in the fetal lung tissue but did not alter the relative proportion of epithelium, connective tissue, or vasculature in the tissue. In addition, glucocorticoid treatment significantly increased the proportion of type II cells in the prealveolar epithelium, increased the rate of phosphatidylcholine synthesis, and increased the content of the major surfactant-associated protein, SP-A, in the fetal lung tissue. We could detect no effect of betamethasone on lamellar body crosssectional area, numerical density, or volume density within fetal lung type II cells. Glucocorticoid treatment of the pregnant doe caused a decrease in the volume density of intracellular glycogen and an increase in the volume density of mitochondria in fetal lung type II cells. Betamethasone treatment did not alter the distance between fetal lung epithelial cells and subadjacent connective tissué cells. However, glucocorticoid treatment increased the number of connective tissue foot processes that pierced the epithelial basal lamina. Thus, glucocorticoid treatment of the pregnant doe results in structural changes in the fetal lung tissue, an acceleration of some aspects of type II cell defferentiation, and a concomitant increase in epithelial-mesenchymal interactions.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092320115
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glucocorticoid regulation of surfactant-associated proteins in rabbit fetal lung in vivo (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 237 (1993), S. 365-377 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Fetal lung ; Surfactant proteins ; Glucocorticoids ; mRNA ; In situ hybridization ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The effects of a maternally administered synthetic glucocorticoid, betamethasone, on the levels of mRNA for the surfactant proteins SP-A, SP-B, and SP-C and on the levels of SP-A protein were investigated in day 27 gestational age rabbit fetal lung tissue. Betamethasone administration to the pregnant rabbit caused approximately a twofold increase in the fetal lung level of SP-A protein and a threefold increase in fetal lung SP-A mRNA levels when compared to levels in fetuses obtained from saline-treated or uninjected animals. SP-B mRNA was increased fourfold in fetal lung tissue obtained from glucocorticoid-treated pregnant does when compared to levels in fetuses of uninjected pregnant does. However, SP-B mRNA levels in fetal lung tissue from saline-injected controls were also significantly elevated, ∼twofold, when compared to fetal lung SP-B mRNA levels in the uninjected control condition. SP-C mRNA levels in lung tissue of fetuses from both saline-injected and betamethasone-injected pregnant does were increased similarly, ∼twofold, over SP-C mRNA levels in fetal lung tissue obtained from uninjected control does. These data are suggestive that betamethasone treatment increases fetal lung SP-A and SP-B mRNA levels and that maternal stress alone can increase the expression of SP-B and SP-C mRNA in rabbit fetal lung tissue. Using in situ hybridization, SP-A mRNA was shown to be present primarily in alveolar type II cells in fetuses of control and saline-injected does. However, SP-A mRNA was easily detected in both alveolar type II cells and bronchiolar epithelial cells of rabbit fetal lung tissue following maternal betamethasone treatment. In contrast, SP-B and SP-C mRNA were present only in alveolar type II cells of lung tissue obtained from fetuses of control, saline, or betamethasone-treated does. Thus maternal administration of glucocorticoids increased SP-A protein as well as SP-A and SP-B mRNA levels in rabbit fetal lung tissue. SP-A mRNA was localized to both alveolar type II cells and in smaller amounts in bronchiolar epithelial cells of rabbit fetal lung tissue. However, SP-B and SP-C mRNA were detected only in alveolar type II cells. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092370310
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of α1, β1, and γ1 laminin subunits during rabbit fetal lung development (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Dynamics 203 (1995), S. 408-421 
    Details
    ISSN: 1058-8388
    Keywords: Laminin ; Fetal lung ; Development ; Extracellular matrix ; Rabbit ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Laminin-1 is an extracellular matrix protein composed of three polypeptide chains that are designated α1, βT1, and γ1. We investigated the expression of laminin α1, β1, and γ1 subunit chains during several stages of rabbit fetal lung development. Utilizing polyclonal antibodies directed against human placental laminin and immunoblot analysis, we found that the highest levels of laminin α1, β1, and γ1 subunit chains in the fetal lung were present on day 26 of gestation (term = 31 days), coincident with the initiation of alveolar epithelial cell differentiation. Levels of the laminin chains were approximately five times higher in fetal lung at day 26 of gestation than in adult lung tissue. Different temporal patterns of laminin α1, β1, and γ1 subunit chain expression were observed, data suggestive that the chains are independently regulated during lung development. Laminin was localized to the basement membranes of bronchi, bronchioles, preal-veolar ducts, and blood vessels in fetal lung tissue, as shown by immunostaining with polyclonal laminin antibodies. A similar staining pattern was observed in adult lung tissue, but the alveolar wall was also stained. Laminin was also observed surrounding a few mesenchymal cells in fetal lung on day 19 of gestation; the number of positive mesenchymal cells increased with lung development. Laminin α1 subunit chains, detected using a monoclonal antibody, were present in the basement membranes of bronchi, bronchioles, preal-veolar ducts, and blood vessels in fetal lung tissue. No laminin α1 chain staining was observed in the mesenchyme of early fetal lung tissue. Using a monoclonal antibody, laminin β1 subunit chains were immunolocalized in the basement membranes of bronchi, bronchioles, in prealveolar ducts, and surrounding some mesenchymal cells in fetal lung tissue. Laminin α1 and β1 subunit chains in adult lung tissue were present in basement membranes of airways, blood vessels, and alveoli. Thus, changes in the localization and accumulation of laminin near the time of alveolar type I and type II epithelial cell differentiation suggest that laminin may play a role in mediating the differentiation of these cell types during rabbit fetal lung development. ©1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1002030404
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