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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shiga toxin induces tubular membrane invaginations for its uptake into cells (2007)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 450 (2007), S. 670-675 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Clathrin seems to be dispensable for some endocytic processes and, in several instances, no cytosolic coat protein complexes could be detected at sites of membrane invagination. Hence, new principles must in these cases be invoked to account for the mechanical force driving membrane shape changes. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05996
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quartz crystal microbalance investigation of the interaction of bacterial toxins with ganglioside containing solid supported membranes (1997)
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 26 (1997), S. 261-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: Key words Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) ; Cholera toxin ; Tetanus toxin ; Pertussis toxin ; Solid supported membranes ; Gangliosides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The binding of cholera toxin, tetanus toxin and pertussis toxin to ganglioside containing solid supported membranes has been investigated by quartz crystal microbalance measurements. The bilayers were prepared by fusion of phospholipid-vesicles on a hydrophobic monolayer of octanethiol chemisorbed on one gold electrode placed on the 5 MHz AT-cut quartz crystal. The ability of the gangliosides GM1, GM3, GD1a, GD1b, GT1b and asialo-GM1 to act as suitable receptors for the different toxins was tested by measuring the changes of quartz resonance frequencies. To obtain the binding constants of each ligand-receptor-couple Langmuir-isotherms were successfully fitted to the experimental adsorption isotherms. Cholera toxin shows a high affinity for GM1 (Ka = 1.8 ⋅ 108M–1), a lower one for asialo-GM1 (Ka = 1.0 ⋅ 107 M–1) and no affinity for GM3. The C-fragment of tetanus toxin binds to ganglioside GD1a, GD1b and GT1b containing membranes with similar affinity (Ka∼106 M–1), while no binding was observed with GM3. Pertussis toxin binds to membranes containing the ganglioside GD1a with a binding constant of Ka = 1.6 ⋅ 106 M–1, but only if large amounts (40 mol%) of GD1a are present. The maximum frequency shift caused by the protein adsorption depends strongly on the molecular structure of the receptor. This is clearly demonstrated by an observed maximum frequency decrease of 99 Hz for the adsorption of the C-fragment of tetanus toxin to GD1b. In contrast to this large frequency decrease, which was unexpectedly high with respect to Sauerbrey's equation, implying pure mass loading, a maximum shift of only 28 Hz was detected after adsorption of the C-fragment of tetanus toxin to GD1a.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002490050079
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Specific binding of peanut agglutinin to GM1-doped solid supported lipid bilayers investigated by shear wave resonator measurements (1996)
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 25 (1996), S. 105-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: Key words Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) ; Impedance spectroscopy ; Solid supported lipid bilayers ; Lectins ; Gangliosides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract This study deals with the specific interaction between the lectin peanut agglutinin (PNA) from Arachis hypogaea and the ganglioside GM1 which was incorporated in a solid supported lipid bilayer immobilized on a gold electrode placed on top of an AT-cut quartz crystal. Bilayer formation was reached by self-assembly processes. The first monolayer consists of octanethiol attached to the gold surface via chemisorption and the second monolayer was immobilized by vesicle fusion on the preformed hydrophobic surface. We managed to keep unspecific binding to a minimum by using a phospholipid matrix consisting of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC). Lectin binding to ganglioside GM1 containing membranes was determined by a decrease of the resonant frequency of the quartz crystal. The minimum amount of receptor within the membrane which is necessary to obtain a complete protein monolayer was found to be less than 2 mol%. The adsorption isotherm of PNA to GM1 was recorded and analyzed to be of Langmuir type, exhibiting a binding constant of PNA to the ganglioside of 8.3 ⋅ 105 M–1. The good agreement of the calculated Langmuir adsorption isotherm with the obtained experimental data implies that protein multilayers are not formed and that interactions between the adsorbents can be neglected. Furthermore, the association constants of two different saccharides, β-Galp-(1 → 3)-GalNAc exhibiting a strong binding to PNA in solution, and β-D-galactose with a much lower affinity were estimated by determining the equilibrium concentration of PNA attached to the surface. Moreover we were able to remove the attached lectin monolayer by digestion of the protein with pronase causing an increase in the resonant frequency which almost reversed the frequency shift to lower frequencies during adsorption. An even more complex system was built up by the use of digoxigenin-labeled PNA which also binds to the solid supported membrane containing the receptor GM1. The immobilized lectin was recognized by anti-digoxigenin-Fab-fragments, which is measurable by a further decrease of the resonant frequency. For all binding processes we found larger frequency shifts for a complete protein monolayer than predicted by Sauerbrey's equation, clearly showing that in addition to mass loading viscoelastic changes occur at the lipid-protein interface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002490050022
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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