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  • 1
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    "Cardiac Myocyte - Connective Tissue Interactions in Health and Disease", edited by T.F. Robinson and R.K.H. Kinne (Book Review) (1992)
    Baltimore : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Human Biology. 64:2 (1992:Apr.) 263 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-7143
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Book Reviews
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:5243-1992-064-02-000015
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pentamerism and the ancestral echinoderm (1974)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 250 (1974), S. 82-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 Nichols' hypothetical ancestral echinoderm, in cross section. Nichols' reconstruction, like many primitive echinoderms, has mouth, hydropore and anus in a straight line. Such an animal must live with the anus on the downstream side, to carry waste products away from mouth and hydro-pore ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/250082a0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mesospheric and lower thermospheric wind changes over Canada during the January 1975 stratospheric warming (1975)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 258 (1975), S. 62-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 Zonal component of daily median wind, for one hour around noon, and in the altitude ranges 60-85, 88-100 and 〉 103 km, at Saskatoon. There seem to be at least two related classes of stratospheric temperature changes. The first is an aspect of a travelling planetary wave-changes in the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/258062a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fossil Burrows on the Coast of Kenya (1965)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 207 (1965), S. 850-851 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The rock containing the burrows resembles the coquinas described by Thompson1. It is cream-coloured granular limestone which in thin section is seen to consist of fragments of shell, with some foraminifera and a few quartz grains, cemented together by calcite. In outcrop the bedding is picked out ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/207850a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-uniform ion distributions and electrical potentials in sarcoplasmic regions of skeletal muscle fibres (1981)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 289 (1981), S. 690-692 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] We used mechanically skinned single muscle fibres of the barnacle1 (Balanus nigrescens), subsequently treated with a nonionic detergent which disrupted and removed all cellular membranes. Electron microscopic observations confirmed this and showed that the only regions which could be distinguished ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/289690a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pentameral Symmetry in Echinoderms (1967)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 216 (1967), S. 994-994 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Nichols has looked for a reason for pentamerism in the life of modern echinoderms, but the evolution of echino-derms is a continuous process which has gone on since Pre-Cambrian times3. Once the pentameral condition had been established at some time in the past, in many members of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/216994a0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of caffeine on Ca-activated force production in skinned cardiac and skeletal muscle fibres of the rat (1983)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 398 (1983), S. 210-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Caffeine ; Ca2+-activated force ; Skinned muscle fibres ; Cardiac muscle ; Skeletal muscle ; Theophylline
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Skinned fibres prepared by mechanical and/or chemical means from cardiac and skeletal muscles of the rat were activated in solution strongly buffered for Ca2+ (with 50 mM EGTA) in the absence or presence of caffeine 5–40 mM. In all preparations caffeine was found to reversibly shift the relation between steady-state force and free [Ca2+] toward lower free [Ca2+] in a dose dependent manner. This increase in apparent Ca2+ sensitivity was not antagonized by procaine and was the same, within each muscle type, irrespective of the manner in which the skinned fibre was prepared, and consequently the degree to which it retained cellular membranes. The effect was more pronounced in cardiac and slow-twitch than in fast-twitch, myofibrillar preparations. At equivalent concentrations theophylline mimicked this effect of caffeine in all preparations, however, addition of exogenous cyclic AMP neither mimicked nor modified, in any way, the effect. Maximum Ca2+-activated force production was not affected by caffeine below 20 mM but was depressed by concentrations of 20 mM and above. The increase in apparent Ca2+ sensitivity produced by caffeine can not be the result of a mobilization of some cellular store of Ca2+ but must arise from a direct effect of caffeine on the myofilaments which leads to a change in the apparent affinity constant of the force controlling sites for Ca2+.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00657153
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Slow amphibian muscle fibres become less sensitive to Ca2+ with increasing sarcomere length (1983)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 397 (1983), S. 248-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: skinned muscle fibres ; slow muscle ; stretch affects ; Ca2+-activation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Here we report that mechanically skinned muscle preparations from slow amphibian muscle fibres become less sensitive to Ca2+ when the sarcomere length is increased beyond the value corresponding to optimum filament overlap. This effect is opposite to that observed in all other studies on vertebrate myofibrillar preparations from twitch (Endo, 1972a; 1972b; Moisescu & Thieleczek, 1979; Stephenson & Williams, 1982) and cardiac muscles (Fabiato & Fabiato, 1978). This finding shows that stretch-induced increase in Ca2+ sensitivity is not a general property of the contractile apparatus and suggests that differences in the ultrastructure between these muscle fibre types could be responsible for the opposite length effects. Furthermore, these results allow a more detailed understanding of the processes behind the stretch effects observed in intact slow and twitch amphibian muscle fibres (Lännergren, 1975).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00584366
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Mg2+ on Ca2+ handling by the sarcoplasmic reticulum in skinned skeletal and cardiac muscle fibres (1994)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 428 (1994), S. 331-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Skeletal muscle ; Cardiac muscle ; Magnesium (Mg2+) ; Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) ; Ca2+ accumulation ; Ca2+ uptake
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The influence of myoplasmic Mg2+ (0.05–10 mM) on Ca2+ accumulation (net Ca2+ flux) and Ca2+ uptake (pump-driven Ca2+ influx) by the intact sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) was studied in skinned fibres from the toad iliofibularis muscle (twitch portion), rat extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle (fast twitch), rat soleus muscle (slow twitch) and rat cardiac trabeculae. Ca2+ accumulation was optimal between 1 and 3 mM Mg2+ in toad fibres and reached a plateau between 1 and 10 mM Mg2+ in the rat EDL fibres and between 3 and 10 mM Mg2+ in the rat cardiac fibres. In soleus fibres, optimal Ca2+ accumulation occurred at 10 mM Mg2+. The same trend was obtained with all preparations at 0.3 and 1 μM Ca2+. Experiments with 2,5-di-(tert-butyl)-1,4-benzohydroquinone, a specific inhibitor of the Ca2+ pump, revealed a marked Ca2+ efflux from the SR of toad iliofibularis fibres in the presence of 0.2 μM Ca2+ and 1 mM Mg2+. Further experiments indicated that the SR Ca2+ leak could be blocked by 10 μM ruthenium red without affecting the SR Ca2+ pump and this allowed separation between SR Ca2+ uptake and SR Ca2+ accumulation. At 0.3 μM Ca2+, Ca2+ uptake was optimal with 1 mM Mg2+ in the toad iliofibularis and rat EDL fibres and between 1 and 10 mM Mg2+ in the rat soleus and trabeculae preparations. At higher [Ca2+] (1 μM), Ca2+ uptake was optimal with 1 mM Mg2+ in the iliofibularis fibres and between 1 and 3 mM Mg2+ in the EDL fibres. In the soleus and cardiac preparations Ca2+ uptake was optimal between 1 and 10 mM Mg2+. The results of this study demonstrate that SR Ca2+ accumulation is different from SR Ca2+ uptake and that these two important determinants of muscle function are differently affected by Mg2+ in different muscle fibre types.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00724515
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contractile activation properties of ventricular myocardium from hypothyroid, euthyroid and juvenile rats (1992)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 422 (1992), S. 16-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Myosin isozymes ; Ca2+-activated force ; Ca2+ sensitivity ; Ca2+ translocation ; Contractile properties
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Contractile activation properties of intact and chemically skinned ventricular myocardium preparations were studied in juvenile (3–4 weeks old), adult euthyroid and adult hypothyroid rats. The rats were made hyperthyroid by treatment with iodine-131 and propylthiouracil. The ventricular muscle of euthyroid rats contains a mixture of isozymes of myosin while the myocardium of juvenile and hypothyroid rats are relatively pure in regard to V1 and V3 types of myosin respectively. No significant differences were found in either the maximum Ca2+ activated or rigor force developed by “chemically skinned” preparations in either the juvenile or hypothyroid groups compared with euthyroid adults, suggesting that there is no difference between myocardia with different isozymes of myosin in the intrinsic capacity to generate force. In the hypothyroid (V3) preparations there was a significant shift in the force/pCa relation to the left compared with the euthyroid adult (mixture of V1 and V3 isozymes). The force/pCa relation for the juvenile lay in between that for the hypothyroid and euthyroid adults. The greater apparent Ca2+ sensitivity to activation in the hypothyroid group may relate to a slower cross-bridge cycling rate or altered Ca2+ kinetics in ventricular myocardium with exclusively V3 isozyme. In intact papillary muscles differences were found in the dependence efforce on extracellular [Ca2+] such that a higher extracellular [Ca2+] was required for muscles from hypothyroid animals to attain maximum twitch force than those from juveniles. The force/frequency relations also differed, with the hypothyroid group being better able to sustain force as stimulation frequency increased than the juvenile group. Also, in the hypothyroid group, the contraction following a 3-min period of quiescence was potentiated in relation to the preceding steady-state contractions, whereas in the juvenile group it was not. These results indicate that the thyroid state may influence the pattern of calcium translocation as well as the myosin isozyme type and that both of these factors may influence contractile properties. Furthermore, the pattern of responses seen depends not only on the pattern of isozymes present but may also depend on the age of the animal because there was no simple relationship between the apparent sensitivity of the contractile apparatus for calcium and proportion of isozyme in the myocardium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00381508
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