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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    CNS Axon Regeneration and Nogo (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    CNS drug reviews 6 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1527-3458
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-3458.2000.tb00176.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Excitotoxic Death of a Subset of Embryonic Rat Motor Neurons In Vitro (1999)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Journal of neurochemistry 72 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract : We have used cultures of purified embryonic rat spinalcord motor neurons to study the neurotoxic effects of prolonged ionotropicglutamate receptor activation. NMDA and non-NMDA glutamate receptor agonistskill a maximum of 40% of the motor neurons in a concentration- andtime-dependent manner, which can be blocked by receptor subtype-specificantagonists. subunit-specific antibodies stain all of the motor neurons withapproximately the same intensity and for the same repertoire of subunits,suggesting that the survival of the nonvulnerable population is unlikely to bedue to the lack of glutamate receptor expression. ExtracellularCa2+ is required for excitotoxicity, and the route of entryinitiated by activation of non-NMDA, but not NMDA, receptors is L-typeCa2+ channels. Ca2+ imaging of motor neurons afterapplication of specific glutamate receptor agonists reveals a sustained risein intracellular Ca2+ that is present to a similar degree in mostmotor neurons, and can be blocked by appropriate receptor/channel antagonists.Although the lethal effects of glutamate receptor agonists are seen in only asubset of cultured motor neurons, the basis of this selectivity is unlikely tobe simply the glutamate receptor phenotype or the level/pattern of rise inagonist-evoked intracellular Ca2+.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0720500.x
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Induces Excitotoxic Sensitivity in Cultured Embryonic Rat Spinal Motor Neurons Through Activation of the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Pathway (2000)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 74 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract: Neurotrophic factors (NTFs) can protect against or sensitize neurons to excitotoxicity. We studied the role played by various NTFs in the excitotoxic death of purified embryonic rat motor neurons. Motor neurons cultured in brain-derived neurotrophic factor, but not neurotrophin 3, glial-derived neurotrophic factor, or cardiotrophin 1, were sensitive to excitotoxic insult. BDNF also induces excitotoxic sensitivity (ES) in motor neurons when BDNF is combined with these other NTFs. The effect of BDNF depends on de novo protein and mRNA synthesis. Reagents that either activate or inhibit the 75-kDa NTF receptor p75NTR do not affect BDNF-induced ES. The low EC50 for BDNF-induced survival and ES suggests that TrkB mediates both of these biological activities. BDNF does not alter glutamate-evoked rises of intracellular Ca2+, suggesting BDNF acts downstream. Both wortmannin and LY294002, which specifically block the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) intracellular signaling pathway in motor neurons, inhibit BDNF-induced ES. We confirm this finding using a herpes simplex virus (HSV) that expresses the dominant negative p85 subunit of PI3K. Infecting motor neurons with this HSV, but not a control HSV, blocks activation of the PI3K pathway and BDNF-induced ES. Through the activation of TrkB and the PI3K signaling pathway, BDNF renders developing motor neurons susceptible to glutamate receptor-mediated cell death.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.740582.x
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    GAP-43 Augmentation of G Protein-Mediated Signal Transduction Is Regulated by Both Phosphorylation and Palmitoylation (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 70 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract: The neuronal protein GAP-43 is concentrated at the growth cone membrane, where it is thought to amplify the signal transduction process. As a model for its neuronal effects, GAP-43 protein injection into Xenopus laevis oocytes strongly augments the calcium-sensitive chloride current evoked by the G protein-coupled receptor stimulation. We have now examined a series of GAP-43 mutants in this system and determined those regions of GAP-43 required for this increase in current flux. As expected, palmitoylation inhibits signal amplification in oocytes by blocking G protein activation. Unexpectedly, a second domain of GAP-43 (residues 35–50) containing a protein kinase C phosphorylation site at residue 41 is also necessary for augmentation of G protein-coupled signals in oocytes. This region is not required for activation of isolated Go but is necessary for GAP-43 binding to isolated calmodulin and to isolated protein kinase C. Substitution of Asp for Ser41 inactivates GAP-43 as a signal facilitator in oocytes. This mutation blocks GAP-43 binding to both protein kinase C and calmodulin. Thus, GAP-43 regulates an oocyte signaling cascade via coordinated, simultaneous G protein activation and interaction with either calmodulin or protein kinase C.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.70030983.x
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Brain CRMP Forms Heterotetramers Similar to Liver Dihydropyrimidinase (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 69 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract: The cytoplasmic collapsin response mediator protein CRMP62 is involved in the signaling cascade initiated by collapsin-1, which collapses neuronal growth cones. To investigate the mechanism of CRMP action, we screened mouse and human fetal cDNA libraries by the yeast two-hybrid method with CRMP as bait. Clones encoding CRMP1 and CRMP4 were isolated, suggesting that the CRMPs form multimers. This finding was confirmed by expressing various rat CRMP cDNAs in the yeast two-hybrid system. Rat CRMP isoforms show differential association with one another. Heterooligomerization is preferred in both two-hybrid and in vitro binding assays. Purified bovine brain CRMP migrates as a tetramer during size exclusion chromatography. Examination of binding with truncated forms of CRMPs indicates that the avid association of CRMPs requires nearly intact proteins. Through the analysis of CRMP chimeras, CRMP amino acids 8–134 and 281–435 are found to be essential for CRMP oligomerization. The tetrameric structure of CRMP resembles that of liver dihydropyrimidinase (DHPase), a protein that shares sequence similarity with the CRMPs. Although purified brain CRMP does not hydrolyze several DHPase substrates, it is likely that a related activity accounts for CRMP participation in neuronal growth cone signaling.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.69062261.x
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of combined treatment with methylprednisolone and soluble Nogo-66 receptor after rat spinal cord injury (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Methylprednisolone (MP) is a synthetic glucocorticoid used for the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI). Soluble Nogo-66 receptor (NgR) ectodomain is a novel experimental therapy for SCI that promotes axonal regeneration by blocking the growth inhibitory effects of myelin constituents in the adult central nervous system. To evaluate the potential complementarity of these mechanistically distinct pharmacological reagents we compared their effects alone and in combination after thoracic (T7) dorsal hemisection in the rat. Treatment with an ecto-domain of the rat NgR (27–310) fused to a rat IgG [NgR(310)ecto-Fc] (50 µm intrathecal, 0.25 µL/h for 28 days) or MP alone (30 mg/kg i.v., 0, 4 and 8 h postinjury) improved the rate and extent of functional recovery measured using Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan (BBB) scoring and footprint analysis. The effect of MP treatment on BBB score was apparent the day after SCI whereas the effect of NgR(310)ecto-Fc was not apparent until 2 weeks after SCI. NgR(310)ecto-Fc or MP treatment resulted in increased axonal sprouting and/or regeneration, quantified by counting biotin dextran amine-labeled corticospinal tract axons, and increased the number of axons contacting motor neurons in the ventral horn gray matter caudal to the lesion. Combined treatment with NgR(310)ecto-Fc and MP had a more pronounced effect on recovery of function and axonal growth compared with either treatment alone. The data demonstrate that NgR(310)ecto-Fc and MP act in a temporally and mechanistically distinct manner and suggest that they may have complementary effects.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04241.x
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A new role for Nogo as a regulator of vascular remodeling (2004)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature medicine 10 (2004), S. 382-388 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: [Auszug] Although Nogo-A has been identified in the central nervous system as an inhibitor of axonal regeneration, the peripheral roles of Nogo isoforms remain virtually unknown. Here, using a proteomic analysis to identify proteins enriched in caveolae and/or lipid rafts (CEM/LR), we show that Nogo-B is ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm1020
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Nogo-66 receptor antagonist peptide promotes axonal regeneration (2002)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 417 (2002), S. 547-551 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Myelin-derived axon outgrowth inhibitors, such as Nogo, may account for the lack of axonal regeneration in the central nervous system (CNS) after trauma in adult mammals. A 66-residue domain of Nogo (Nogo-66) is expressed on the surface of oligodendrocytes and can inhibit axonal outgrowth ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/417547a
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Identification of a receptor mediating Nogo-66 inhibition of axonal regeneration (2001)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 409 (2001), S. 341-346 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Nogo has been identified as a component of the central nervous system (CNS) myelin that prevents axonal regeneration in the adult vertebrate CNS. Analysis of Nogo-A has shown that an axon-inhibiting domain of 66 amino acids is expressed at the extracellular surface and at the endoplasmic ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35053072
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Neurobiology Dendrites go up, axons go down (2000)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 404 (2000), S. 557-559 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Dendrites and axons, collectively known as neurites, project from the cell bodies of neurons and are specialized for the receipt and transmission of nerve impulses. During development, both types of neurite must grow with the right spatial orientation to make the correct connections. On p〈?Pub ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35007181
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