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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Uptake of Amino Acids by Brain Micro vessels Isolated from Rats with Experimental Chronic Renal Failure (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 51 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The neurological disorders seen in patients with chronic renal failure and liver cirrhosis are analogous. Previous in vivo studies have shown that the impaired blood-brain amino acid transport seen in rats with chronic renal failure is similar to that of rats with portocaval anastomosis. To elucidate whether a comparable underlying pathogenic mechanism plays a role in both pathological conditions, blood and brain amino acid levels together with amino acid transport by isolated brain microvessels have been studied in rats with chronic renal failure and in sham-operated rats. Brain microvessels isolated from rats with experimental chronic renal failure showed that the uptake of labeled large neutral amino acid, i.e., leucine or phenylalanine, but not of lysine or a-methylaminoisobutyric acid, was significantly increased with respect to sham-operated rats; conversely, the uptake of glutamic acid in rats with chronic renal failure was significantly lower compared with values in controls. Kinetic analysis indicated that this was mainly due to increased exchange transport activity (Vmax) of the L-system, rather than to changes in the affinity (Km) of the carrier system for the relative substrate. These data, together with the significant rise of brain glutamine levels and an increased brain-to-plasma ratio of the sum of large neutral amino acids, are analogous to what was previously observed in rats with portocaval anastomosis. Because increased brain influx of large neutral amino acids, especially the neurotransmitter precursor amino acids, is thought to be responsible for the altered brain neurotransmission observed in chronic liver failure, these data support the hypothesis that the neurological disorders seen in chronic renal failure may result from functional modifications to the L-system's transport activity at the blood-brain barrier, similar to those observed in chronic liver failure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1988.tb01144.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibitory effect of somatostatin on neutral amino acid transport in isolated brain microvessels (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 78 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In the presence of somatostatin-14 or some of its receptorial agonists, the uptake of large neutral amino acids by isolated brain microvessels was found to be inhibited up to 50%, no other transport system being affected. Although the luminal and abluminal sides of brain endothelial cells are both capable of taking up large neutral amino acids, only uptake from the abluminal side appears to be inhibited by somatostatin. The involvement of a type-2 somatostatin receptor was suggested by assays with a series of receptor-specific somatostatin agonists, and was confirmed by the release of inhibition caused by a specific type-2 receptor antagonist. A type-2-specific mRNA was indeed shown to be present in both bovine brain microvessels ex vivo and primary cultures of endothelial cells from rat brain microvessels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00412.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of alkaline pH on the optical properties of native and modified erythrocyte membranes (1972)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 11 (1972), S. 1908-1915 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00760a027
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SURFACE IMMUNOGLOBULIN-MOIETIES ON LYMPHOID CELLS (1971)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 177 (1971), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1971.tb35060.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction of Purine with the Prosthetic Group of Succinic Dehydrogenase (1963)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 198 (1963), S. 1094-1095 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In an investigation of the bonding of the isoalloxazine nucleus to the peptide chain by fluorimetric means, these points were examined. SD was isolated from bovine heart mitochondria to 50 per cent purity1, precipitated in 5 per cent trichloroacetic acid (TCA), washed with 1 per cent TCA and the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/1981094a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzyme defense against reactive oxygen derivatives. II. Erythrocytes and tumor cells (1976)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 10 (1976), S. 11-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The enzymatic destruction of oxidizing products produced during metabolic reduction of oxygen in the cell (such as singlet oxygen, H2O2 and OH radical) involves the concerted action of superoxide dismutase-which removes O 2 - and yields H2O2-and H2O2 removing enzymes such as catalase and glutathione peroxidase. A difference in distribution or ratio of these enzymes in various tissues may result in a different reactivity of oxygen radicals. It was found that in red blood cells superoxide dismutase and catalase are extracted in the same fraction as hemoglobin, while glutathione peroxidase appears to be “loosely” bound to the cellular structure. This suggests that in red blood cells catalase acts in series with superoxide dismutase against bursts of oxygen radicals formed from oxyhemoglobin, while glutathione & peroxidase may protect the cell membrane against low concentrations of H2O2. On the other hand, catalase activity is absent in various types of ascites tumor cells, while glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase are found in the cytoplasm. However, the peroxidase/dismutase ratio is lower than in liver cells, and this may provide an explanation for the higher susceptibility of tumor cells to treatments likely to involve oxygen radicals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01731676
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    β-Galactosidase: Immune recognition of conformation and mechanism of antibody-induced catalytic activation (1983)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 22 (1983), S. 465-473 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Activation of mutant β-galactosidase by antibodies can be explained by a “selection” mechanism in which the antibody binds and stabilizes those mutants in a native-like conformation and by an “induction” mechanism where binding of the antibody itself induces a conformational change activating β-galactosidase. The “selection” hypothesis was tested by passing β-galactosidase through a column packed with monoclonal antibody-derivatized Sepharose. The antibody retains the active, in preference to the inactive, proteins. The “induction” mechanism was tested by mixing antibody-Sepharose with mutant β-galactosidase and measuring enzyme activity before mixing and that remaining in the supernatant. The activity of the antibody-Sepharose pellet exceeded the sum of the original activity plus supernatant activity. As a result of these experiments, both mechanisms are found to be operative.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360220159
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural aspects of the interaction of bee venom peptide melittin with phospholipids (1983)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 22 (1983), S. 391-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In aqueous solution, melittin structure, investigated by CD and 1H-nmr, depends on pH and ionic composition, which also regulate the aggregation state of the peptide. When interacting with phospholipids, however, melittin exhibits a right-handed helical conformation without any evidence of oligomeric association. The overall bilayer structure of phospholipid aqueous dispersions is also maintained in the presence of melittin, although the permeability to aqueous solutes is considerably increased. Small-angle neutron-diffraction analysis of oriented multilayers confirms the existence of a lamellar profile, despite the presence of the peptide throughout each bilayer and exchangeable protons almost reaching the center of the hydrophobic alkyl chains region.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360220151
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tightly-bound non-histone proteins in different nucleosome-like subpopulations from pig kidney chromatin (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 6 (1988), S. 39-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chromatin ; nucleosomes ; nucleosome-like structures ; tightly-bound non-histone proteins ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: By differential sucrose gradient centrifugation of pig kidney chromatin in the presence or absence of Na-EDTA and under varying ionic strength conditions, three nucleosome-like subpopulations with different buoyant densities can be obtained. These particles, on the basis of their histones and HMG protein pattern, of the 5-methylcytosine level of their DNA and of the RNA polymerase activity associated with them, can be considered as originating from chromatin fractions differently involved in gene expression.Two-dimensional electrophoresis of the tightly-bound non-histone proteins shows a distinct pattern for each subpopulation, such protein components being notably present in restricted numbers but in high amounts in the subpopulation which was apparently derived from condensed heterochromatin.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290060107
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