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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Helicobacter pylori– inflammation, immunity and vaccines (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Helicobacter 8 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1523-5378
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The mechanisms by which Helicobacter pylori escape the host immune response remains an important topic. Regulatory T cells appear to play a role in the persistence of the infection and the control of tissue damage. In the thought that the host genetic background influences the cross-talk between pathogens and hosts, the impact of cytokine polymorphisms on the outcome of H. pylori has been further delineated in the review period. On the other hand, several additional genes of H. pylori have been shown to participate in the pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine response to the infection. Finally, progress has been achieved in vaccine development, with new vaccine delivery systems and routes of immunization tested in animal models and human volunteers.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-5378.2003.00164.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Different Helicobacter pylori Strains Colonize the Antral and Duodenal Mucosa of Duodenal Ulcer Patients (2000)
    Boston, MA, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Helicobacter 5 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1523-5378
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Background. We have investigated the possibility that the same patients may be colonized by Helicobacter pylori strains of different genotypes or phenotypes in the antrum as compared to in the duodenum. The strains were typed for DNA fingerprints, different lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and Lewis antigen expression on the O–side chains of LPS.Materials and Methods. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifications using primer sequences (i.e., the Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus [ERIC]) and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) elements were performed to asses chromosomal DNA diversity between H. pylori strains. The expression of different LPS types and Lewis antigens in the various H. pylori isolates were determined by whole bacterial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays using monoclonal antibodies.Results. Duodenal ulcer patients had different H. pylori genotypes in the duodenum as compared to in the antrum as shown by ERIC-PCR (44%) and by RAPD-PCR (75%). Different DNA patterns were found among the strains that were isolated from various regions of the duodenum in 4 of 16 patients (25%) as shown by ERIC-PCR and in 8 of 16 patients (50%) as shown by RAPD-PCR. Sixty-three percent of the duodenal ulcer patients had H. pylori strains with a different Lewis antigen phenotype in the duodenum as compared to in the antrum, and 3 of 16 patients (19%) had strains with different Lewis antigens expressed by strains from different duodenal biopsies from the same patient.Conclusion. The results suggest that a mixed population of different H. pylori strains with marked variation, both genotypically and phenotypically, colonize the same patient.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-5378.2000.00010.x
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A Radial Diffusion Agar Plaque Technique for Estimation of the Avidity of Bactericidal Antibodies against Vibrio cholerae (1972)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 1 (1972), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: A radial diffusion agar plaque technique is presented for estimation of the average avidity of bactericidal antibodies, based upon quantitative inhibition of the antibodies with free lipopolysaccharide. With this technique and with Vibrio cholerae as model organisms the avidities of vibriocidal rabbit antisera were determined. It appeared that primary response antisera had lower avidity than secondary response antisera, which showed an inverse relation between avidity and booster antigen dose. However, the avidity differences observed in these systems were only 10- to 20-fold, i. e. considerably less than reported for hapten-protein conjugate antigen. Avidity estimations by the Fair ammonium-sulphate precipitation method were in agreement with the results obtained with the described technique. The separated IgG and IgM fractions showed the described relation to immunization schedule; however, the IgM avidity appeared lower than the IgG avidity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1972.tb03300.x
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Development of improved cholera vaccine based on subunit toxoid (1977)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 269 (1977), S. 602-604 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Different Vibrio cholerae strains, irrespective of their sero-type, produce an immunologically identical exo-enterotoxin6. The toxin contains two types of non-covalently linked sub-units, one heavy (H or A; molecular weight (MW) about 28,000) and five or six light ones (L or B, MW about 11,000 ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/269602a0
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A recombinant Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin (STa) fusion protein eliciting anti-STa neutralizing antibodies (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 82 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract: A recombinant fusion protein consisting of native Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin (STa) and a dimer of a synthetic IgG-binding fragment (ZZ), derived from Staphylococus aureus protein A was produced in E. coli. The fusion protein (ZZSTa) was secreted in large quantities into the growth medium and recovered by affinity chromatography on IgG-Sepharose. Rabbits immunized with the fusion protein responded by producing high serum levels of anti-STa antibodies that also effectively neutralized STa toxicity in infant mice. The fusion peptide ZZSTa had a substantially decreased toxicity as compared with native STa. A polymeric form of ZZSTa separated by size fractionation was about 100 times less toxic than the monomeric fusion protein, yet both forms had the same capacity to induce neutralizing antibodies. This suggests that modified non-toxic forms of ZZSTa with retained immunogenicity may be produced and tested for their usefulness as functional components in a vaccine against diarrhoea caused by enterotoxigenic E. coli.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1991.tb04894.x
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The expression of the Helicobacter pylori genes ureA and nap is higher in vivo than in vitro as measured by quantitative competitive reverse transcriptase-PCR (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS immunology and medical microbiology 32 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-695X
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The expression of the virulence-associated genes ureA, encoding the urease subunit A, and nap, encoding the neutrophil activating protein, in Helicobacter pylori grown both in the stomach of C57/Bl6 mice and in Brucella broth was quantified by quantitative competitive reverse transcriptase-PCR using a homologous RNA standard (competitor) and an external standard (16S rRNA). The results showed that the ureA and nap transcripts were increased up to 15 and 80 times, respectively, in vivo compared to in vitro. The transcription of ureA and nap also differed in that ureA showed highest expression early in infection in mice whereas nap transcription was variable throughout the 18-week infection period.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-695X.2002.tb00557.x
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Flow cytometric analysis of the localization of Helicobacter pylori antigens during different growth phases (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS immunology and medical microbiology 30 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-695X
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Previous studies on the localization of several different Helicobacter pylori antigens have been contradictory. We have therefore examined by using both one- and two-color flow cytometry (FCM), immunofluorescence (IF), and immunoelectron microscopy (IEM), the possible surface localization of some H. pylori antigens that may be important virulence factors. All four methods detected the lipopolysaccharide and the N-acetyl-neuroaminyllactose-binding hemagglutinin protein (HpaA) as surface-exposed, while the urease enzyme was not detected at all and the neutrophil activating protein only in low concentration on the surface of the H. pylori bacteria during culture of H. pylori in liquid broth for 11 days. The FCM analysis was found to be quite sensitive and specific and also extremely fast compared with IF and IEM, and therefore the preferred method for detection of surface-localized antigens of H. pylori.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-695X.2001.tb01567.x
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Expression of virulence factors by classical and El Tor Vibrio cholerae in vivo and in vitro (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 74 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract We examined the production of virulence factors of Vibrio cholerae O1 bacteria, and especially compared expression in vitro under near optimal growth conditions with that in vivo during experimental cholera infection. The results show that the in vitro formation of cholera toxin (CT), soluble hemagglutinin (SHA), colonizing pilus TCP, and the biotype associated hemagglutinins FSHA and MSHA, as well as of various cell envelope antigens often rather poorly reflected expression in vivo. For instance, production of CT by vibrios of classical biotype and of TCP by the El Tor biotype were enhanced in vivo, while production of SHA was instead suppressed. Likewise significant differences in cell envelope antigen composition were found between bacteria grown in vivo and in vitro. A more precise definition of the role of different postulated virulence factors in the processes of infection and immunity should include in vivo studies as outlined by this study.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1990.tb04067.x
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Helicobacter pylori induce neutrophil transendothelial migration: Role of the bacterial HP-NAP (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 249 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Continuous recruitment of neutrophils into the inflamed gastric mucosal tissue is a hallmark of Helicobacter pylori infection in humans. In this study, we examined the ability of H. pylori to induce transendothelial migration of neutrophils using a transwell system consisting of a cultured monolayer of human endothelial cells as barrier between two chambers. We showed for the first time that live H. pylori, but not formalin-killed bacteria, induced a significantly increased transendothelial migration of neutrophils. H. pylori conditioned culture medium also induced significantly increased transendothelial migration, whereas heat-inactivated culture filtrates had no effect, suggesting that the chemotactic factor was proteinaceous. Depletion of H. pylori-neutrophil activating protein (HP-NAP) from the culture filtrates resulted in significant reduction of the transmigration. Culture filtrates from isogenic HP-NAP deficient mutant bacteria also induced significantly less neutrophil migration than culture filtrates obtained from wild-type bacteria. HP-NAP did not induce endothelial cell activation, suggesting that HP-NAP acts directly on the neutrophils. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that secreted HP-NAP is one of the factors resulting in H. pylori induced neutrophil transendothelial migration. We propose that HP-NAP contributes to the continuous recruitment of neutrophils to the gastric mucosa of H. pylori infected individuals.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.femsle.2005.06.008
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    GM1 ELISA method for demonstration of Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 30 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A GM1-ELISA for detection of the methanol soluble, heat-stable enterotoxin (STa) produced by many enterotoxinogenic E. coli strains has been developed. This ST-GM1-ELISA, which is based on inhibition of binding of anti-ST antibody to GM1-bound ST-cholera B subunit conjugates, is relatively simple and possible to perform with stable reagents and without any complicated equipment. By this method STa could be detected in culture filtrates of human E. coli isolates with 100% sensitivity and specificity. The sensitivity of the method for purified ST is considerably higher than that of the conventional infant mouse test and comparable to that of recently described radioimmunoassays for ST.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1985.tb00974.x
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