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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pilot-Plant Trials on River Dee Water at Huntington (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Water and environment journal 7 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1747-6593
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: A pilot plant which has been used to examine the suitability of a number of treatment options for upgrading North West Water's water-treatment plant at Huntingdon, Chester, is described. Processes tested include biological pretreatment using a fluidized sand bed to remove manganese and ammonia, chemical coagulation, chemical oxidation using chlorine, ozone and potassium permanganate, and both primary and secondary filtration with sand and granular activated carbon. The reduction of trihalomethanes and pesticides was also investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.1993.tb00854.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Latent infection of winter oilseed rape by Leptosphaeria maculans (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 32 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Plants of oilseed rape, cultivars Primer and Jet Neuf, were grown in a glasshouse and inoculated at G.S. 2.4–2.7 with pycnidiospores or ascospores of Leptosphaeria maculans. The plants were kept for a further 2–4 weeks at 14°C and then transferred, together with uninoculated plants, to a polythene tunnel in winter. The majority of stems of inoculated plants did not have macroscopic symptoms of L. maculans infection 6 weeks after inoculation. Examination of whole mounts of peripheral tissue and transverse sections of fixed and embedded portions of these stems revealed intercellular septate fungal hyphae, often deep in non-necrotic cortical tissue, in symptomless inoculated plants but not in uninoculated plants. L. maculans was recovered following surface sterilization of adjacent portions of the same stems. When symptomless inoculated plants were transferred to a glasshouse at 18–20°C, cankers soon developed. The significance of these latent mycelial infections to canker development in the field is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1983.tb01297.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbendazim resistance in the eyespot pathogen Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 33 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Mycelial isolates (115) of Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides were obtained from five field sites in England. Carbendazim-resistant isolates were detected by their mycelial growth on agar containing 1 μg/ml carbendazim. Resistant isolates were found at two of the five sites examined and one of these had never been treated with benzimidazole fungicides. Amongst the carbendazim- resistant isolates there was a predominance of isolates with pale mycelium, an irregular colony margin and a relatively slow growth rate; however, this association was not absolute. Large differences in the effects of carbendazim on mycelial growth of sensitive and resistant isolates were demonstrated; growth of sensitive isolates was completely inhibited at 0.5 μg /ml carbendazim whilst five of the six resistant isolates examined grew on agar containing 1000 μg/ml fungicide. The carbendazim-resistant isolates were cross-resistant to benomyl, thiophanate-methyl and to a Icsser degree thiabendazole, but not to prochloraz. Conidia of carbendazim-resistant isolates were as resistant. Carbendazim-resistant isolates were just as pathogenic to wheat as sensitive isolates. The implications of these results and other reports of benzimidazole resistance in P. herpotrichoides are discussed in relation to disease control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1984.tb00593.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reaction of leek cultivars to infection by Puccinia allii (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 40 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Six components of susceptibility (incubation period, latent period, pustule size, infection frequency, sporulation intensity and reaction type) were measured for seven cultivars of leek following inoculation with urediniospores of Puccinia allii. Variation among cultivars was observed for each component. Sporulation intensity, latent period, infection frequency and reaction type were correlated and appeared to be better criteria for describing variation in host response than incubation period and pustule size. Cultivars Olaf and Kajak were‘fast rusting’while cultivars Agria, Winterreuzen, Odin Longstanton, Gennevilliers Splendid and Platina exhibited varying levels of ‘slow rusting’. The ‘;slow-rusting’ cultivars Agria and Winterreuzen are of sufficiently high agronomic quality to be worthy of consideration for commercial production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1991.tb02370.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Disease of Cereals caused by Fusarium nivale (1963)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 200 (1963), S. 597-597 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] During an investigation into Fusarium diseases of cereals now in progress, it was observed in 1961 (Colhoun and Park, unpublished results) that F. nivale could be frequently isolated from fairly mature diseased cereal plants in crops in Cheshire and Lancashire. During 1963 a much more extensive ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/200597a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Composition and variability of the saliva of coreids in relation to phytoxicoses and other aspects of the salivary physiology of phytophagous Heteroptera (1994)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 73 (1994), S. 265-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Coreidae ; Hemiptera ; phytotoxicoses ; saliva ; stylet sheath ; sucrase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In the saciform, principal salivary glands ofMictis profana (Fabr.) (Coreidae: Heteroptera, Pentatomorpha), the contents of all lobes other than the posterior form gels consistent with their contributing to the solidifying saliva (stylet sheath); the posterior lobe secretes most if not all of a sucrose-hydrolysing enzyme that occurs in the nongelling (watery) saliva. Evidence for the occurrence of such an enzyme in the saliva of other coreids is presented. That inM. profana has a pH optimum near neutral and a substrate specificity consistent with sucrase (sucrose α-D-glucohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.48) as distinct from plant invertase (β-D-fruccofuranosidase, EC 3.2.1.26). Apart from some maltose-hydrolysing activity in the salivary glands, also consistent with sucrase, no other carbohydrases and neither proteinase nor lipase were detected. Phosphatases were found in gland extracts but not in secreted saliva. The saliva contains catechol oxidase (EC 1.10.3.1) from the accessory gland and ducts. Topical application of pilocarpine caused individualM. profana to secrete up to 58 μl watery saliva which showed continuous and independent variation of sucrase activity (up to ca 0.012 Units/μl) and pH (6–8), although high sucrase content tended to coincide with high pH. Total protein varied up to 10 μg/μl, and free amino acids up to 1.8 μg/μl leucine eq. Of the many proteins and/or protein subunits separable by electrophoresis of gland contents and saliva, four had sucrase activity, the most mobile with MW ca 66 000. TLC indicatedinter alia phenyl alanine and tyrosine, but no DOPA nor other diphenolic substrates of the catechol oxidase in the watery saliva. The soluble components of the saliva, which also has marked surfactant properties, are discussed in relation to the feeding process of coreids and the characteristic lesions they produce in their food plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02382478
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ‘Osmotic pump’ feeding by coreids (1994)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 73 (1994), S. 163-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Coreidae ; saliva ; osmotic pump ; phytotoxicoses ; sucrase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Species of Coreidae (Heteroptera) cause ‘water soaked’ lesions in their food plants. Such insects typically feed from parenchyma in and surrounding vascular tissues and also cause acropetal wilting and necrosis of small diameter shoots. Feeding byMictis profana (Fabr.) in South Australia on the shoots ofAcacia iteaphylla F. Muell. ex Benth. was found to cause a local, concurrent increase in both water content and free amino acid concentration, consistent with phloem unloading. Coreids, unlike other groups of phytophagous Heteroptera, secrete a salivary sucrase (α-D-glucohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.48) as probably the sole salivary carbohydrase, and tissues attacked byM. profana showed more sucrose hydrolysing activity than unattacked. The salivary enzyme is postulated to cause unloading of solutes into the apoplast due to the osmotic effects of conversion of endogenous sucrose to glucose and fructose, allowing the insect to suck the leaked contents of many cells from a single locus. The term ‘osmotic pump feeding’ is proposed for such a process. In demonstrations of its feasibility, infiltration of shoots with mixtures of glucose and fructose stoichiometrically equivalent to isosmotic sucrose increased the amounts of tissue sap and amino acid that could be sucked from the tissues; similarly, invertase and 1 M sugars forced into the extracellular space of stem sections increased the amino acids offloaded into the bathing solutions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02383423
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of damage to Eucalyptus caused by Amorbus obscuricornis and Gelonus tasmanicus (1997)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 82 (1997), S. 175-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Coreidae ; Hemiptera ; Eucalyptus ; phytotoxicoses ; salivary enzymes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Amorbus obscuricornis (Westwood) and Gelonus tasmanicus (Le Guillou) (Heteroptera: Coreidae) are specific to Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae). A. obscuricornis feeds almost exclusively upon apical shoots and causes a characteristic wilting and necrosis. By comparison, the feeding activities of G. tasmanicus result in no obvious phytotoxicosis. Salivary gland extracts from both species exhibited sucrase activity but no pectinmethylesterase (PME) activity. Saliva from A. obscuricornis also exhibited considerable oxidase activity. Sucrase activity was significantly higher in extracts derived from G. tasmanicus than from A. obscuricornis, but this could not explain the observed differences in phytotoxic symptoms. It is suggested that differences in plant damage are attributable to the site of feeding activity (i.e. young versus mature tissue), which predetermines the reactivity of host tissues, and/or the quantity of salivary enzymes injected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1002933432645
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Xylem vessel regeneration in carnation in response to infection by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. dianthi (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of plant pathology 90 (1984), S. 173-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Samenvatting Vatbare en resistente anjerstekken werden via een stengelwond geïnoculeerd metFusarium oxysporum f.sp.dianthi. Als reactie op de infectie werd in stengels van resistente anjers hyperplastisch xyleemparenchym gevormd waarin door regeneratie nieuwe xyleemvaten ontstonden. De regeneratie vond evenwijdig aan bestaande xyleemvaten plaats, die verstopt waren met gels of beschadigd waren door de schimmel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02006482
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on fungi in the root region (1963)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 19 (1963), S. 332-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Tabulated information on the colonization of roots of barley, cabbage and dwarf bean by fungi during the first 10 days of root development is given. These data, obtained by isolation and direct observation studies, are discussed in relation to previous observations on the association of fungi with the roots of healthy crop plants. The results indicate that initial root colonization may be by any of a wide range of soil fungi, but that this mixed population rapidly gives way to a stable and typical root-surface mycoflora (dominated by such fungi asFusarium spp.,Cylindrocarpon radicicola, Gliocladium spp., andPenicillium spp.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01379487
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