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Clinico-biochemical prediction of biliary cause of acute pancreatitis in the era of endoscopic ultrasonography (2005)

LIU, C. L. ; FAN, S. T. ; LO, C. M. ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd

Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 22 (2005), S. 0

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ISSN: 1365-2036

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Background : Occult biliary stones escape detection on conventional investigations, and clinico-biochemical systems proposed for predicting biliary pancreatitis has low predictive values.Aim : To evaluate the accuracy of clinico-biochemical parameters for prediction of biliary pancreatitis in patients undergoing endoscopic ultrasonography.Methods : Early endoscopic ultrasonography was performed on 139 patients presenting with acute pancreatitis within 24 h of admission. The aetiologies of all patients were determined after complete evaluations, and clinico-biochemical characteristics of patients with a biliary cause (biliary group) and non-biliary causes (non-biliary group) were compared.Results : Biliary pancreatitis was diagnosed in 107 patients and 32 patients had non-biliary causes. The biliary group belonged to a significantly older age group, had a female predominance, significantly more derangement of liver function and a higher incidence of severe attack of acute pancreatitis. On multivariate analysis, female sex, age 〉58 years and serum alanine aminotransferase 〉150 U/L were independent predictive factors for biliary cause of acute pancreatitis. Using these three factors for prediction of biliary cause, the sensitivity was 93% and overall accuracy was 85%.Conclusion : Clinico-biochemical prediction for biliary cause of acute pancreatitis improves in the era of endoscopic ultrasonography with a higher sensitivity and overall accuracy. In centres where endoscopic ultrasonography is inaccessible or local expertise is unavailable, clinico-biochemical prediction of biliary cause of acute pancreatitis may provide a useful alternative in the initial management of this group of patients.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02580.x

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On the motion of a curved and twisted rod (1972)

Tso, W. K.

Springer

Acta mechanica 13 (1972), S. 163-178

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ISSN: 1619-6937

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics

Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In dieser Arbeit werden die Bewegungsgleichungen eines gekrümmten, verdrillten Stabes von den Grundgleichungen der Dynamik hergeleitet. Dieses System von Gleichungen legt die Bewegung des Stabes durch Längsdehnung, Biegung und Torsion fest. Die Kopplung dieser Bewegunsarten, durch Krümmung und Verdrillung, wird für den Fall einer Spiralfeder explizit gezeigt. Durch Vereinfachung der Gleichungen werden die Bewegungsgleichungen des Kreisringes und die des geraden Stabes erhalten. In dieser Hinsicht können die hergeleiteten Gleichungen als Verallgemeinerung der elementaren Theorein der Bewegung eines Stabes betrachtet werden. Die Dispersionsgleichung der Spiralfeder wird für die beiden niedrigsten Frequenzen berechnet. Es wird gezeigt, daß das Verhältnis Frequenz-Wellenlänge nicht wie in den Fällen der ungekoppelten Biege-oder Torsionsbewegung monoton abnimmt. Abschließend werden die Frequenzen nach dem Loveschen Näherungsausdruck berechnet, um zu zeigen, daß die Genauigkeit dieses Ausdruckes für Spiralfedern gut ist.

Notes: Summary In this paper, the equations of motion of a curved and twisted rod are derived from the basic principles of dynamics. The set of equations gives the extensional, flexural and torsional motions of the rod. The coupling among these types of motion due to the curvature and tortuosity of the rod is shown explicitly in the case of a helical spring. By successive simplification of the equations, the equations of motion of a circular ring and those of a straight rod are obtained. In this respect, the derived equations can be considered as a generalization of the elementary theories of rod in extensional, torsional and flexural motion. The dispersion relation of a helical spring is calculated for the two lower frequency modes. It is shown that the frequency-wave length relationship is not monotonically decreasing as in the cases of uncoupled flexural or torsional motion. Finally, frequencies are calculated based on the approximate frequency expression ofLove to show that Love's frequency expression for a helical rod is accurate.