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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 1155-1157 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A novel microstructure is formed on the single crystal surfaces of the oxide superconductor Ba0.6K0.4BiO3 (BKBO). Micron-sized barium islands periodically grew on the mother crystal during electrocrystallization of BKBO. Experimental analysis suggested the relation of this unusual microstructure to the Liesegang rings well-known for a crystal growth in gels. The present discovery provides a potential technology for fabricating microstructures on substrates of solids. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 19 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Linkage between the prefrontal cortex and the primary motor cortex is mediated by nonprimary motor-related areas of the frontal lobe. In an attempt to analyse the organization of the prefrontal outflow from area 46 toward the frontal motor-related areas, we investigated the pattern of projections involving the higher-order motor-related areas, such as the presupplementary motor area (pre-SMA) and the rostral cingulate motor area (CMAr). Tracer injections were made into these motor-related areas (their forelimb representation) on the medial wall that had been identified electrophysiologically. The following data were obtained from a series of tract-tracing experiments in Japanese monkeys. (i) Only a few neurons in area 46 were retrogradely labelled from the pre-SMA and CMAr; (ii) terminal labelling from area 46 occurred sparsely in the pre-SMA and CMAr; (iii) a dual labelling technique revealed that the sites of overlap of anterograde labelling from area 46 and retrograde labelling from the pre-SMA and CMAr were evident in the rostral parts of the dorsal and ventral premotor cortices (PMdr and PMvr); (iv) and tracer injections into the PMdr produced neuronal cell labelling in area 46 and terminal labelling in the pre-SMA and CMAr. The present results indicate that a large portion of the prefrontal signals from area 46 is not directly conveyed to the pre-SMA and CMAr, but rather indirectly by way of the PMdr and PMvr. This suggests that area 46 exerts its major influence on the cortical motor system via these premotor areas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/Gene Structure and Expression 1049 (1990), S. 331-338 
    ISSN: 0167-4781
    Keywords: Cell culture ; Gene regulation ; Phosphoglycerate kinase ; Spermatogenesis
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 23 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: summary In dental clinics, composite resin and cement cores are routinely cut and polished during abutment tooth preparation. To identify their characteristics during cutting, weight-load cutting tests were performed on eight commercial core composites and two cements, using diamond points driven by an air-turbine handpiece. It became evident that the cutting effectiveness of the diamond points on nine workpieces exceeded that on natural tooth dentine, while that on one composite containing Si3N4 filler was analogous to that on dentine. With continued use, the cutting effectiveness of the diamond point on all workpieces gradually declined. SEM observations revealed that diamond particles of the diamond point wore out with repeated use. It is clinically advised to select the core material with material characteristics during cutting and mechanical strength similar to those of dentin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 22 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: summary The primary author, an experienced dentist, cut bovine enamel and dentine horizontally and vertically with diamond points driven by an air-turbine, while the rotational cutting speeds and applied loads were simultaneously monitored. Three cutting techniques employed here were successive cutting with moderate force (S-m); intermittent cutting with moderate force (I-m); and intermittent cutting with a smaller force (I-s). It was found that the cut contact time of S-m, I-m, and I-s cuts were about 10s, 0.4s and 0.25s, respectively. The maximum applied load during cutting varied, depending upon the cutting direction and the cutting technique. Vertical S-m cut of enamel resulted in the largest applied load of around 105g, while horizontal I-s cut of dentine brought about the minimum (approximately 35g). Cutting volumes of dentine tended to exceed those of enamel. It was confirmed that the I-m cut produced larger cutting effectiveness of diamond points on both enamel and dentine compared with the S-m cut.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 20 (1993), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The radiopacity of 12 VL-cured composite resins was determined with reference to an aluminum step-wedge. Two anterior composites were radiolucent while two anterior and one anterior/posterior composites exhibited the radiopacity equal to, or slightly greater than, that of human enamel. Three posterior and one inlay composites possessed the radiopacity equivalent to, or in tiny excess of, that of human enamel. Three posterior composites had the radiopacity, fairly exceeding that of human enamel. Chemical analyses of the filler particles were carried out with SEM/EDX. It became evident that radiopaque fillers contained at least one radiopaque oxide component such as BaO, ZrO2 and Yb2O3 with varying concentrations. In general, the radiopacity of the composite resin was linearly proportional to the amount of the radiopaque oxide in the filler. It was suggested that ZrO2 was radiopacifier equivalent to, or even stronger than, BaO.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 20 (1993), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The purpose of this study was to evaluate dental high-speed cutting behaviour of four cast alloys, namely Ag-Pd-Cu-Au alloy, Ag-Zn-In-Sn alloy, Ni-Cr alloy and Ti. Weight-load cutting tests were conducted on four cast alloys, using two rotary cutting instruments, namely a diamond point and a carbide bur, both driven by an air-turbine handpiece. While the constant transverse load of 80g was applied on the workpiece for 5s, the handpiece speed was measured during cutting as well as the volume of workpiece removal which took place. The cutting tests were repeated 10 times. We found that the cutting volumes of soft Ag-Pd-Cu-Au alloy and Ag-Zn-In-Sn alloy were considerably larger than those of hard Ni-Cr alloy and Ti. It was also clarified that the cutting effectiveness of the carbide bur was generally superior to that of the diamond point. With continuing use, however, the cutting capability of the carbide bur tended to decline while that of the diamond point remained quasi-constant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 17 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: One important mechanical property of dental ceramics is fracture toughness, KIC, which represents the serviceability in the oral cavity, such as the resistance to marginal fracture. KIC values of several dental ceramics, natural tooth enamel and industrial ceramics were examined by use of the indentation microfracture (IM) method. This technique was based on the series of radial cracks emanating from the corners of the Vickers indentation. It was observed that appropriate load levels should be selected on each specimen to induce radial/median cracks. For feldspatic dental porcelains, larger loads of 10, 20 and 30 kg were needed to determine their KIC values in the range 1.5–2.1 MN-rn−3/2. For natural tooth enamel and a new apatite-based castable glass-ceramic, a smaller force of 1 kg was sufficient to decide the respective KIC values of about 0.9 and 1.8 MN-m−3/2. The KIC values of most dental ceramics examined were slightly higher than that of soda lime glass, but less than one-third that of zirconia. It was confirmed that the IM method is simple and cost-effective for evaluation of KIC of dental ceramics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 19 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Inorganic fillers in seven visible-light (VL)-cured dental composite resins were examined for their size, composition, phase and content, employing the following analytical instruments. SEM observations indicated that five samples could be classified into the hybrid type while the remaining two belonged to micro-filled and sub-micron types. EDX analyses revealed that five samples contained BaO while others lacked BaO. XRD analyses showed that three were in vitreous phase, two were in the crystalline phase and two were mixtures of both. DTG thermal analyses indicated that the hybrid type composites had the higher inorganic filler content (wt%) than the composites of two other types.In conclusion, wide varieties exist in the inorganic fillers in VL-cured dental composite resins currently utilized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 17 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Some recently developed industrial ceramics have excellent machinability properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the dental cutting behaviour of two machinable glass-ceramics, mica-containing Macor-M® and apatite- and diopsidecontaining Bioram-M®, and to compare them with the cutting behaviour of a composite resin typodont tooth enamel and bovine enamel. Weight-load cutting tests were conducted, using a diamond point driven by an air-turbine handpiece. While the transverse load applied on the point was varied, the handpiece speed during cutting and the volume of removal upon cutting were measured. In general, an increase in the applied load caused a decrease in cutting speed and an increase in cutting volume. However, the intensity of this trend was found to differ between four workpieces. Cutting Macor-M® resulted in the second-most reduced cutting speed and the maximum cutting volume. Cutting Bioram-M® gave the least reduced cutting speed and the minimum cutting volume. It was suggested that two machinable glass-ceramics could be employed as typodont teeth. This study may also contribute to the development of new restorative dental ceramic materials, prepared by machining.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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