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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Charge carrier recombination in organic bilayer electroluminescent diodes. II. Experiment (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 6963-6967 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Diodes consisting of a hole transporting layer containing tri-stilbeneamine as active medium and a hole blocking layer (an oxadiazole blend) sandwiched between indium-tinoxide and aluminium electrodes have been characterized via both their j(F) characteristics and the dependence of intensity, quantum efficiency, and spectrum of the electroluminescence on the thickness Le of the hole blocking layer. The results are discussed within the framework of the analytic model advanced in the preceding paper. Both the decrease of the effect of electric field screening at the anode due to the space charge accumulation at the internal interface as well as the recombination efficiency with decreasing Le is in good agreement with theory. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.365259
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rise time of electroluminescence from bilayer light emitting diodes (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 84 (1998), S. 2334-2340 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An analytic theory has been developed to calculate the rise of electroluminescence from bilayer light emitting diodes with internal energy barriers for both majority and minority carriers upon applying a rectangular voltage pulse. Unless the mobility of the minority carriers—usually electrons, instead, is ≤2×10−7 cm2/V s, onset of electroluminescence is governed by the growth of the interfacial charge densities and the concomitant redistribution of the electric field inside the device rather than by charge carrier transport. The crucial system parameters turn out to be the energy barriers that control hole and electron injection. Good agreement with experiment is found. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.368301
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Charge injection into light-emitting diodes: Theory and experiment (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 84 (1998), S. 848-856 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An analytic theory is presented for dark injection from a metallic electrode into a random hopping system, e.g., a conjugated polymer or a molecularly doped polymer. It encompasses injection of a charge carrier from the Fermi level of the electrode into tail states of the distribution of hopping states of the dielectric followed by either return of the charge carrier to the electrode or diffusive escape from the attractive image potential. The latter process resembles Onsager-type geminate pair dissociation in one dimension. The theory yields the injection current as a function of electric field, temperature and energetic width of the distribution of hopping states. At high electric fields it resembles that the current calculated from Fowler-Nordheim tunneling theory although tunneling transitions are not included in the theory. Good agreement with experimental data obtained for diode structures with conjugated polymers as a dielectric is found. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.368146
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pulsed electroluminescence from organic bilayer light emitting diodes (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 69 (1996), S. 1291-1293 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Transient electroluminescence (EL) from organic bilayer light emitting diodes featuring an interfacial blockade for holes and electrons was studied. At the end of the driving voltage pulse an EL spike is observed whose magnitude exceeds the cw-EL intensity by up to two orders of magnitude. The effect is attributed to an increase of the recombination probability of minority carriers (electrons) with majority carriers upon switching off the external field. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.117395
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The overshoot effect in transient electroluminescence from organic bilayer light emitting diodes: Experiment and theory (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 7514-7525 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Transient electroluminescence (EL) from organic bilayer light emitting diodes addressed by a rectangular voltage pulse often features an overshoot when the voltage is switched off. Experimental results are presented for a variety of hole transporting layers in contact with an oxadiazole layer simultaneously acting both as a blockade for holes and as an electron transport layer. The overshoot occurs in spin coated yet not in vapor deposited samples. A model is developed to rationalize charge recombination under the premise (i) of an interfacial layer of finite thickness between hole and electron transport layers in which both transport molecules coexist and (ii) of interfacial energy barriers impeding both hole and electron passage. It predicts the occurrence of an EL overshoot due to the recombination of stored electrons and holes under the action of their mutual space charge field when the external voltage is switched off. The temporal pattern of the predicted transient EL signal is in good agreement with experiment. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.365293
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polythienylenevinylene as promoter of hole injection from ITO into bilayer light emitting diodes (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 48 (1997), S. 450-454 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Due to the low oxidation potential of poly-(2,5-thienylenevinylene) (PTV) an ohmic contact for hole injection is established at an indium tin oxide (ITO)/PTV interface. It gives rise to space-charge-limited conduction in an ITO/PTV/Al diode. The ohmic nature of the ITO/PTV contact can be exploited to increase hole injection into multilayer organic light emitting diodes in which internal charge accumulation would otherwise lower majority carrier injection by virtue of electric field screening at the anode.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1997.010481006
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electroluminescent stilbenoids - electrochemically generated luminescence in solution and organic light emitting devices on a polymer blend basis (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 48 (1997), S. 188-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Organic light-emitting diodes based on molecularly doped polymer blends have been fabricated and characterized using donor-acceptor substituted stilbenoids as active dye components for hole transport, electron transport and emission. A Comparison of the electrochemically generated luminescence (ECL), the photoluminescence (PL) and the electroluminescence (EL) of the organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) is given.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1997.010480503
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