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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 1297-1300 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A recordable compact disk media with an inorganic material, AgOx, is reported. A scanning tunneling microscope image of a polycarbonate substrate of this media after recording was measured and the pit shapes of the image were evaluated. It was found that there existed a linear correlation between the pit shapes and the cross-talk value with a coefficient of 0.959, and the mechanism of the pit formation was proposed by the scanning tunneling microscope image. The optical and electrical property changes were investigated by use of different dielectric thin films, SiO2, SiN, LaSiON, and SiNO. A cross-talk value of a disk using a SiNO film was improved to mostly satisfy the compact disk standard. The property changes can be explained by the proposed pit formation model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ferrite MiG heads intended for narrow track ((approximately-less-than)10 μm) digital recording were recently investigated in the critical pole-tip region at the air-bearing-surface using micro-ellipsometry, Kerr microscopy, and electron back-scatter diffraction from individual grains,1 and using magnetic force microscopy to detect air-gap remanent fields.2 Comparison of these direct observations with readback-after-write waveforms from written test tracks, and consideration of granularity influences on bulk permeability and domain size, indicate that waveform instability and asymmetry from polycrystalline ferrite (PCF) heads would be diminished by suitable size and orientation of the grains.1 The use of single-crystal ferrite3 (SCF) for advanced laser enhanced etch definition3 of narrow pole MiGs can avoid this type of distortion. However, secondary signals4 often appear as weak pulses separated in time from the main gap pulse. We have associated this effect with a zig-zag shaped wall seen nucleated and propagated from the pole tips by a write pulse.4 This wall and its underlying domains lie remanent in the stressed ABS material and evidently react to the bit fields during the read cycle. The secondary read-back response, though similar to the pseudo-gap effect, differs in origin. Its timing depends on the distance of the zig-zag wall to the gap, not the fixed position of the sendust-ferrite interface. Our results indicate that suitable grain oriented ferrite would reduce PCF MiG head read-back asymmetry and instability. For SCF heads, a method for electrically removing zig-zag walls is possible and secondary pulse removal has now been demonstrated on a spin test strand.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: In the limited regions of operation of the GAMMA10 tandem mirror, a saturation or a reduction of the stored energy in the central cell is sometimes observed. By using electrostatic and magnetic probes, the low frequency (〈1 MHz) fluctuations are studied in relation to plasma parameters. Dominant fluctuations are identified to be flute type and drift type modes. Magnetic fluctuations, of which frequency is much lower than the ion cyclotron frequency, are newly observed. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: In the GAMMA 10 tandem mirror, ion cyclotron range of frequency heating has been used effectively in the central cell. The ion temperature becomes several keV and an ion beta value is a few %. Semiconductor detectors are used for measurement of high energy protons in both parallel and perpendicular directions to the magnetic field line. Observed pitch angle distribution peaks near the cyclotron resonance layer and estimated pressure profile in the axial direction is consistent with the profile from a diamagnetic loop array. Strong temperature anisotropy can drive an Alfvén ion cyclotron (AIC) mode unstable. In a typical discharge, the temporal evolution of the endloss high energy ions has strong correlation with that of the AIC-mode amplitude. The enhancement of the loss of high energy ions due to the AIC mode is suggested. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 61 (1987), S. 2610-2616 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Characteristics of Tb-Fe-Co amorphous films have been systematically investigated in order to optimize compositions suitable for magneto-optical recording medium with high readout signal. In order to optimize alloy composition, Curie temperature TC and compensation temperature Tcomp are summarized as functions of both Tb and Co contents. Crystallization temperature Tx of Tb-Fe-Co amorphous films has been also measured to be about 400 °C and tends to increase with replacing Fe by either Co or Tb. To evaluate Tb-Fe-Co films as a magneto-optical recording medium, carrier C and modulation noise Nmod (defined by the difference in noise before and after writing) are measured as a function of external field Hex. It is found that written bits of large Nmod show an irregular shape, while those of small Nmod are of regular one. To reduce Nmod and obtain high readout C/N, films with lower saturation magnetization Ms (that is, low demagnetization field) at just below writing temperature are preferred.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 7 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Haemophilia 3 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The recently identified hepatitis G virus (HGV) (also known as GB virus-C) has been considered as a blood-transmissible agent. As many haemophiliacs have risk factors for infectious agents, to clarify the frequency of HGV infection is important. HGV-RNA was investigated in 77 Japanese haemophiliacs who had been treated with nonvirus-inactivated concentrates derived from pooled plasma. Detection of HGV-RNA was performed with a nested RT-PCR that recognizes the 5′-NCR of the HGV genome. HGV-RNA was detected in 19 (24.7%), including four (21.0%) infected with HGV alone, 12 (63.2%) co-infected with HCV and three (15.8%) who were HBV carriers. The patients infected with HGV alone showed a normal ALT level of 18.7 ± 4.1 IU L−1. Most (36/37, 97.3%) of the patients with abnormal ALT levels had HCV-RNA. Patients infected with HCV alone or co-infected with HCV and HGV showed higher ALT levels of 108.8 ± 90.2 IU L−1 (n= 39) and 67.6 ± 62.6 IU L−1 (n= 11), respectively. However, there was no significant difference (P= 0.16) in ALT levels between HCV infection alone and HCV/HGV co-infection. On the other hand, four of the patients who could be followed over 10 years showed HGV-RNA persistently. In two who underwent liver biopsy, the histological evidence showed no definitive fibrotic and necro-inflammatory changes. These results indicate that HGV infection has frequently occurred in haemophiliacs. It is possible that HGV infection does not cause aggressive hepatitis with elevated ALT levels, and that co-infection with HGV may not aggravate hepatitis caused by HCV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Haemophilia 3 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: It has been found that almost all haemophiliacs treated with pooled concentrates of clotting factor VIII or IX before 1985/6 have been infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). In order to clarify the characteristics of HCV infection in Japanese haemophiliacs, we investigated the HCV genotype and HCV-RNA level in 80 patients with haemophilia who had been confirmed to be positive by a second-generation HCV antibody test. HCV-RNA was detected in 60 (75.0%) individuals and various HCV genotypes were found. Although 80% (48/60) of the patients had genotype 1b, the frequency of each genotype was quite different from that in HCV-infected non haemophiliac Japanese. Particularly, multiple HCV genotypes were observed in 27 (46.7%) patients. The mean (± SD) level of HCV-RNA was 5.3 × 105 ±  1.1 × 106 copies mL−1. The viral load in patients with genotype 2a was significantly less common than those with genotype 1a (P= 0.0007), genotype 1b (P= 0.0009) and combined genotype 1a/1b (P= 0.0019). In patients co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the HCV-RNA level was significantly higher (P= 0.05) than in those without co-infection. However, there was no significant difference (P= 0.25) in the HCV-RNA level with HCV/HIV co-infection among the 40 patients with group 1 genotypes. We conclude that this biased distribution of HCV genotypes in Japanese haemophiliacs reflects their specific mode of HCV infection. Moreover, these results suggest that super-infection with HIV does not greatly influence the HCV load in patients with no marked immunological deterioration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Experimental Cell Research 126 (1980), S. 498-501 
    ISSN: 0014-4827
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Experimental Cell Research 157 (1985), S. 556-560 
    ISSN: 0014-4827
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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