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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transmission studies of explosive vaporization of a transparent liquid film on an opaque solid surface induced by excimer-laser-pulsed irradiation (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 72 (1992), S. 2256-2263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The dynamics of the explosion of a liquid film by an ultraviolet excimer pulsed laser is studied experimentally on top of an amorphous silicon (a-Si) film deposited on fused quartz. In particular, the transient temperature as well as the nucleation of the superheated liquid at the interface for laser fluences below and above the spontaneous nucleation threshold are monitored using an optical transmission technique. Results for different pure and mixed liquids are presented for cases of different thicknesses of the a-Si film. Details for the calibration of the transmission signal to obtain the interface temperature are provided through the application of the one-dimensional diffusion model and the characteristic matrix theory using data obtained from previous steady-state experiments. The calibrated results are in reasonable agreement with the known data for superheated liquids in the literature as well as theoretical calculations. In addition, the delay times for spontaneous nucleation of the liquids are estimated to be (approximately-less-than)1 μs, generally comparable with those observed in droplet explosion experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.351619
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pulsed laser stripping of polyurethane-coated wires: A comparison of KrF and CO2 lasers (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 3881-3886 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Compared to mechanical, thermal, electric, or chemical means of removing plastic wire insulation, laser removal offers precision and speed without the necessity of contacting the material. Utilizing the technique of excimer laser ablation of organic polymers, it is shown that excimer laser removal of polyurethane-type wire insulation proceeds with much higher precision and cleanliness than does pulsed CO2 laser wirestripping. A reason for this difference is polyurethane's much higher absorptivity of ultraviolet compared to infrared radiation. Scanning electron microscope photographs of both stripped wires and ablated regions on polyurethane-coated flat disks clearly show the superior quality of the excimer method. The paper concludes with a discussion of the photophysical parameters and mechanisms responsible for the large difference between excimer and CO2 stripping.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.349195
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photodeflection probing of the explosion of a liquid film in contact with a solid heated by pulsed excimer laser irradiation (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 74 (1993), S. 1534-1538 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The explosion or rapid vaporization of a liquid film on an opaque surface by a pulsed laser is studied experimentally. Using a probe-beam deflection sensing (PDS) scheme, together with a previously developed transmission monitor, the distortion of the PDS signal due to the generation of shock waves by the exploding liquid is investigated. Various liquids, including alcohols and pure water in contact with substrates such as polyimide, amorphous carbon, and silicon, are studied for a wide range of excimer laser fluences. It is concluded that the present PDS technique is highly sensitive to the explosion threshold.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.354853
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laser-cleaning techniques for removal of surface particulates (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 71 (1992), S. 3515-3523 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Flash laser heating using short-pulsed laser irradiation of a surface is demonstrated to be a promising new approach for effective removal of particulate contaminations of sizes as small as 0.1 μm. This is very useful because micron- and submicron-sized particulates adhere tenaciously onto a solid surface, and conventional cleaning techniques are inadequate for removal. Several varieties of the new laser-cleaning techniques have been developed by us as well as by others. For example, the pulsed laser irradiation can be used with or without the simultaneous deposition of a thin liquid film on the surface to be laser cleaned. The laser wavelength can also be chosen so that absorption occurs mainly at the sample surface, or in the liquid, or in the particulate, or in a combination of these. In this paper, we discuss and compare examples of these different approaches. We find that laser cleaning with highest efficiency is achieved by choosing a laser wavelength that is strongly absorbed by the surface together with pulse depositing a water film of thickness on the order of microns on the surface momentarily before the pulsed laser irradiation. This permits the effective removal of particles smaller than ∼20 μm, down to as small as 0.1 μm, from a solid surface using a modest ultraviolet laser fluence of ∼0.1 J/cm2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.350906
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pressure generation and measurement in the rapid vaporization of water on a pulsed-laser-heated surface (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 4072-4081 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The transient pressure generated by the interaction of short-pulsed laser light with the liquid–solid interface is studied quantitatively. A KrF excimer laser beam of tens of nanoseconds pulse duration irradiates water on a solid surface and induces rapid thermal expansion and explosive vaporization. The pressure pulses launched into water by such processes are detected experimentally by the photoacoustic probe beam deflection method and a broadband piezoelectric transducer. The peak intensities of the traveling pressure wave measured by these two methods are compared with the theoretical thermoelastic predictions. The measurements show that a compressional pressure wave packet is radiated from the water-solid interface with the peak intensity of the order of 1 MPa at laser fluences up to about 100 mJ/cm2. Simultaneous monitoring of the bubble growth kinetics by the optical specular reflectance probe has been performed. It is observed that the pressure generation is enhanced by the bubble expansion in the superheated water for laser fluences exceeding the bubble nucleation thresholds. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.363370
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of intense and prolonged 248 nm pulsed-laser irradiation on the properties of ultraviolet-grade fused silica (1991)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 58 (1991), S. 551-553 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have studied changes in the absorption, temperature, ultraviolet (UV) spectrum, birefringence, and surface profile of various high-purity "UV-grade'' fused silica samples during KrF excimer laser irradiation at 400 mJ/cm2 and 300 Hz and up to a total of 60 million pulses. All samples exhibit permanent and irreversible changes in the spectroscopic and physical properties. Some samples show a partial "self-annealing'' behavior during the irradiation in which the absorption first increases to a peak value of ∼10%/cm, and then decreases and levels off at a lower value. This may indicate the formation of a new stable state. The radiation-induced effects are significantly affected by the laser repetition rate, annealing, and ambient temperature of the sample. For comparison, crystalline quartz is tested under similar conditions, and is found to be essentially unchanged by the radiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.104583
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Erratum: Techniques of flash radiometry [J. Appl. Phys. 56, 153 (1984)] (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 58 (1985), S. 1087-1087 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.336321
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the saturation effect in the picosecond near ultraviolet laser ablation of polyimide (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 65 (1989), S. 2591-2595 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The saturation effect in the ablation rate is observed in the laser ablation of polyimide at a wavelength of 355 nm and duration of 30 ps. The fluence dependence of the reflectivity, emission intensity, and photoacoustic signal have been measured to provide some understanding of the mechanism for the saturation. A mechanism invoking the blocking of the trailing part of the light pulse by both the plume and the excited polymer generated by the leading part of the pulse explains all the observation satisfactorily. However, the possibility of blocking by only the excited polymer followed by nonstatistical disposal of energy in the ejection process cannot be ruled out.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.342788
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Accurate measurement of the temperature coefficient of the ultrasonic velocity of fused quartz near room temperature (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 58 (1987), S. 1758-1761 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A technique has been adapted to measure the relative change in the acoustic velocity of materials at frequencies up to 500 MHz with a maximum sensitivity of one part in 107. This technique is applied to the measurement of the temperature coefficient of the longitudinal-acoustic velocity of fused quartz over the temperature range 28–47 °C. The longitudinal velocity is observed to increase linearly over this temperature range. The temperature coefficient of the fractional longitudinal velocity increase of fused quartz is determined to be (1.075±0.025)×10−4 °C−1. This number is in agreement with the results of previous investigators and is the most accurate measurement available at room temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1139382
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Noncontact monitoring of laser ablation using a miniature piezoelectric probe to detect photoacoustic pulses in air (1992)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 60 (1992), S. 23-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We show for the first time the use of pulsed photoacoustic detection using a miniature piezoelectric transducer to study and monitor photoablation in air by an ultraviolet KrF excimer laser. At incident laser fluences below the ablation threshold, the photoacoustic signal is produced by the thermal expansion of the air near the irradiated surface ("thermal-piston signal'') and propagates at the speed of sound. Above the ablation threshold, the photoacoustic signal contains an additional component due to the ejection of ablated materials ("ablative-piston signal''); this propagates initially at supersonic speeds. The amplitude of the ablative-piston signal is found to be a monotonic function of the etch-depth per pulse. Hence, by accumulating the amplitude of the ablative acoustic pulse, the total etch depth can be monitored in real time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.107354
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