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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Photoresponsive Behavior of Azobenzene-Based (Meth)acrylic (Co)polymers in Thin Films (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 27 (1994), S. 6201-6206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Quelle: ACS Legacy Archives
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00099a040
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Human fibroblastoid interferon: immunosorbent column chromatography and N-terminal amino acid sequence (1980)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 19 (1980), S. 3831-3835 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Quelle: ACS Legacy Archives
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00557a028
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Electrical and structural properties of solid phase crystallized polycrystalline silicon and their correlation to single-electron effects (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 1262-1270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Single-electron transistors have been fabricated in solid phase crystallized polycrystalline silicon films deposited on SiO2 layers grown on silicon substrates. The single-electron transistors consist of lateral side-gated nanowires. A Coulomb staircase is observed at 4.2 K, which is fully modulated by the side-gate voltage. Two-period conductance oscillations are observed in nanowires fabricated on 10-nm-thick buried oxide layers, while single-period oscillations are observed in nanowires fabricated on 40-nm-thick buried oxide layers. The two-period oscillations are attributed to the formation of a charge layer in the silicon substrate. The single-electron effects are also studied as a function of the nanowire dimensions and annealing or oxidation treatments. The effects are correlated to the structure of the polysilicon film, characterized using transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and electron spin resonance analysis. These measurements demonstrate the significance of single-electron charging effects on electron transport in nanometer-scale complementary metal-oxide semiconductor systems. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1331338
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Surface energy of amorphous carbon films containing iron (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 7814-7819 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Iron containing diamond-like amorphous carbon (a-C:Fe) films were deposited by filtered cathodic vacuum arc technique. The influences of Fe content and substrate bias on the surface energy of the films were investigated. The surface energy of a-C:Fe films was determined by the contact angle measurement. Atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and x-ray induced photoelectron spectroscopy were employed to analyze the origin of the variation of surface energy with various Fe content and substrate bias. It is found that the contact angle for water increases significantly after incorporating Fe into the films and the films become hydrophobic. The roughness of these films has no effect on the contact angle. The surface energy is reduced from 42.8 to 25 dyne/cm after incorporating Fe into the a-C film (10% Fe in the target), which is due to the reduction of both dispersive and polar component. The reduction in dispersive component is ascribed to the decrease of atomic density of the a-C:Fe films due to the increase in sp2 bonded carbon. When sp2 content increases to some extent, the atomic density remains constant and hence dispersive component does not change. The absorption of oxygen on the surface plays an important role in the reduction of the polar component for the a-C:Fe films. It is proposed that such network as (Cn–O–Fe)–O–(Fe–O–Cn) may be formed and responsible for the reduction of polar component. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1375808
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Thickness and grain-size dependence of the coercivity in permalloy thin films : The 41st annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 4122-4124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: This paper reports the effect of thickness and grain size on the coercivity of Ni81Fe19 permalloy thin films (2.5–30 nm) sputtered on glass substrates for their application in magnetoresistive sensors. Coercivity was systematically investigated as a function of underlayer materials, thickness, and substrate temperature. Lateral grain size of the sputtered films was investigated. The grain size reduced very quickly in the thinner films. It was also found that the coercivity of the films with very small lateral grain size is much lower than those with a normal grain size. The lowest coercivity (Hc=0.8 Oe) was observed in 7.5 nm thick film and having a grain size of 4 nm. When an underlayer is used, its crystallinity affects the lateral grain size in the permalloy and correlates with the observed coercivity variation [P. Galtier, R. Jerome, and T. Valet, Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 313, 417 (1993).] It was also observed that the coercivity of the permalloy is dependent on the nature of the underlayer. It was established that the coercivity of Ni81Fe19 films increases when the thickness increased from a critical film thickness and grain size. The variation of the coercivity in thin Ni81Fe19 films with lateral grain size and relationship with domain-wall width is discussed and compared with other theories for magnetization reversal. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.365100
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of divalent anionic impurities on space charge in AgBr microspheres (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 1130-1138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The model of the space-charge layer in AgBr microcrystals containing divalent cationic impurities has been extended to divalent anionic dopants. Results of calculations for both mobile and immobile impurities are reported. Increasing the impurity concentration leads to a change in the potential difference between the interior and the surface, which in some cases may reverse the sign of the space-charge layer and the compensating surface charge. The point at which this occurs is dependent on the binding energy of the impurity-interstitial complex and on the temperature.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.334556
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Force based displacement measurement in micromechanical devices (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 78 (2001), S. 4031-4033 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: We demonstrate how force detection methods based on atomic force microscopy can be used to measure displacement in micromechanical devices. We show the operation of a simple microfabricated accelerometer, the proof mass of which incorporates a tip which can be moved towards an opposing surface. Both noncontact operation using long range electrostatic forces and tapping mode operation are demonstrated. The displacement sensitivity of the present device using feedback to control the tip-surface separation is approximately 1 nm. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1380398
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Single-electron effects in side-gated point contacts fabricated in low-temperature deposited nanocrystalline silicon films (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 78 (2001), S. 1083-1085 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Single-electron effects have been observed up to 60 K in a side-gated point contact device fabricated in nanocrystalline silicon films. The films were phosphorus-doped and deposited at 300 °C by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. Using transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy, the grain size, crystalline volume fraction, and grain boundary thickness are determined. The single-electron effects are associated with islands formed by crystalline silicon grains ∼4 nm in size, isolated by amorphous silicon regions ∼0.5 nm in thickness. The structural characteristics of the nc-Si film are correlated to the electrical behavior. The electrical transport mechanism at high temperatures is attributed to percolation conduction across a distribution of tunnel barriers with a maximum height of 40 meV. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1350428
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Estimating the depth of underground coal fires using data integration techniques (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Terra nova 9 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3121
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Underground coal fires in China cause serious environmental problems, in addition to the loss of valuable coal resources. The present study aims at developing a quick and practical method to estimate the depth of coal fires using data integration techniques. In coal fields which have underground coal fires, the subsurface fires are associated with surface thermal anomalies. Airborne thermal infrared scanner data and colour infrared photographs were used in this study to depict the coal fire front and the outcrop of coal seams, respectively. A Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of the study area was produced from topographic maps at 1:25 000 scale. Finally, taking into account the spreading direction of the coal fires and the relationships between thermal anomalies, relief factors and the occurrence of coal seams, the depths of the coal fires were obtained automatically by means of integration of remote sensing data and GIS techniques. This helped to target the fire fighting operations and made them more cost effective.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3121.1997.d01-31.x
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Identification of the Rf gene conferring fertility restoration of the CMS Dian-type 1 in rice by using simple sequence repeat markers and advanced inbred lines of restorer and maintainer (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 123 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Cytoplasmic male sterility of Dian-type 1 (CMS-D1) was developed 30 years ago in Yunnan. A major gene conferring fertility restoration for the CMS-D1 system was detected by microsatellite markers in advanced inbred lines consisting of 196 maintainers and 62 restorers developed in breeding programmes of hybrid rice involving the CMS-D1 system. The gene was mapped between two simple sequence repeat markers, OSR33 and RM228, on chromosome 10, and was temporarily designated as Rf-D1(t). The genetic distances of the gene to the two microsatellite markers were 3.4 and 5.0 cM, respectively. This linkage was confirmed by using an F2 population derived from a cross between a CMS-D1 line and a restorer. This study also demonstrated that using OSR33 was reliable and efficient for identification of restoring lines in hybrid rice breeding with the CMS-D1 system.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2004.01004.x
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