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  • 1
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: rectal cancer ; apoptosis ; hyperther-mochemoradiotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Apoptosis induced in cancer cells by ionizing radiation, hyperthermia, and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), termed “hyperthemochemoradiotherapy” (HCR), has been well studied in vitro; however, the role of apoptosis in the tumocidal effect of HCR for primary rectal cancers has not yet been clarified. Therefore, we examined the relationship between the therapeutic effect and induction rate of histological apoptosis in 16 patients with rectal cancers after HCR. Numerous Tunel-positive apoptotic cells were found in the tumor tissue after HCR, but few were found in the tumors which had not received HCR. The histological therapeutic effect was closely correlated to the rate of apoptosis. Thus, we suggest that HCR induces a therapeutic effect mainly through apoptosis in human rectal cancers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: gastric cancer ; proximal gastrectomy ; lymph node metastasis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract While proximal gastrectomy is often performed for early gastric cancer in Japan, it remains unclear whether or not proximal gastrectomy should be performed for advanced gastric cancer. This study was designed to determine the operative indications for proximal gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer in the upper third of the stomach. A total of 1691 patients with gastric cancer were reviewed retrospectively from hospital records during the period from 1969 to 1994, and the clinicopathologic characteristics of 82 patients who underwent proximal gastrectomy were compared with those of 150 patients who underwent total gastrectomy. Lymph node metastasis along the lower part of the stomach was observed in gastric cancers which had invaded beyond the muscularis propria of the stomach, but not in those confined to the muscularis propria. Three patients with gastric cancer that had invaded beyond the muscularis propria and metastasized to nodes along the lower part of the stomach were cured by total gastrectomy. However, there was no difference in the postoperative survival rates of the patients treated with proximal gastrectomy and those treated with total gastrectomy, irrespective of tumor stage and depth of invasion. Thus, proximal gastrectomy should be performed for gastric cancer when the depth of invasion is confined to the muscularis propria of the stomach.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. To determine the indications for limited colon cancer surgery in each location, we reviewed the arterial branching patterns and lymph node metastases along the course of specific vascular trunks in 344 colon cancer patients who had undergone preoperative angiography and colectomy with lymph node dissection. Our conclusions are follows: Because the ileocecal artery always arises from the superior mesenteric artery and lymph node metastases of cecum cancer were limited to nodes along the ileocolic artery, cecum cancer can be cured by ileocecal resection. The right colic artery has various origins, and ascending colon cancer shows various patterns of lymph node metastases. Therefore a right hemicolectomy should be performed for ascending colon cancer. The middle colic artery forks into right and left branches, and each branch has different branching variations. If the right colic and middle colic arteries have a common trunk, a right hemicolectomy should be performed for transverse colon cancer on the right side. If the left branch of the middle colic artery has an independent replaced origin, lymph node dissection should be modified according to the variant origin. If the left colic artery and the first sigmoidal artery have a common trunk, the lymph nodes along the common trunk should be removed for sigmoid colon cancer and for descending colon cancer. Of the patients with sigmoid colon cancer, 6.3% also had lymph node metastases along the superior rectal artery. Given that the lymph nodes along the superior rectal artery are skeletonized, sigmoid colon cancer can be also cured by partial sigmoidectomy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Our multimodal treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has brought about a significant improvement of the survival rate. It consists of a combination of hepatectomy and transcatheter arterial embolization using lipiodol (L-TAE). In order to facilitate L-TAE, we have developed a special catheter with notches. A group of patients with HCC (124 cases), excluding cases with absolutely non-curative resections and operative deaths, were treated between December 1980 and November 1986. Each case was treated for more than 1 year after hepatectomy. The patients were divided into two groups: A, patients with a single tumor not larger than 5 cm, and B, cases with larger tumors or more than one lesion. Some patients in each group were treated with L-TAE after hepatectomy. In group A, there was no significant difference in survival between treated and non-treated cases. In group B, L-TAE gave a significantly better survival than no postoperative treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Lors de la chirurgie gastrique pour cancer, il arrive que l'artère hépatique gauche, lorsqu'elle prend naissance de l'artère coronaire stomachique (AHG/CS), soit dévascularisée lors de la ligature de l'artère coronaire stomachique ou qu'elle soit sectionnée lors de la dissection. La dévascularisation peut parfois Être à l'origine de troubles hépatiques postopératoires. Chez 141 patients ayant eu une étude artériographique avant d'avoir une gastrectomie pour cancer, 28 patients avaient une AHG/ CS. Parmi ceux-ci, l'AHG/CS a été sectionnée dans 15 cas. La fonction hépatique postopératoire a été évaluée par les dosages de la lactate déshydrogénase, des transaminases glumatopyruviques et glutamo-oxalo-acétiques. Les modifications les plus importantes ont été enrégistrées chez les patients qui avaient eu une ligature de leur AHG/CS, alors que ces mÊmes fonctions hépatiques n'étaient pas perturbées chez les patients ayant une AHG/CS non sectionnée ou n'ayant pas une AHG/CS. En plus, on a remarqué que les perturbations de la fonction hépatique étaient proportionnelles au territoire irrigué par l'AHG/CS. Ces perturbations, cependant, étaient habituellement transitoires et, le plus souvent, ces patients ont récupéré une fonction hépatique normale en moins de 7 jours.
    Abstract: Resumen La lesión o división de la arteria hepática izquierda que se origina en la arteria gástrica izquierda (AHAG) ocurre ocasionalmente durante una operación por cáncer gástrico, lo cual puede causar disfunción hepática postoperatoria. Se revisaron 141 pacientes sometidos a gastrectomía por cáncer gástrico después de angiografía preoparatoria. De los 28 pacientes con AHAG, en 15 se dividió la AHAG y no en los restantes. La función hepática postoperatoria estimada mediante la determinación de los cambios en los niveles de deshidrogenasa láctica (LDH), transaminasa glutámica oxaloacética y transaminasa glutámico pirÚvica (GPT). La mayor alteración en la función hepática fue observada en los pacientes en quienes se dividió la AHAG, en tanto que los cambios en la función hepática con preservación de la AHAG fueron similares a los observados en los pacientes sin AHAG. Fue notorio que entre mayor el área irrigada por la AHAG, mayor el grado de alteración en la función hepática. La disfunción hepática tuvo carácter transitorio, y la función hepática se normalizó en los primeros siete días postoperatorios.
    Notes: Abstract An aberrant left hepatic artery, arising from the left gastric artery (LHLG), either as an accessory or replacing the left hepatic artery, is occasionally seen in patients with gastric cancer. Resection of LHLG, as part of the gastrectomy procedure, may cause liver dysfunction. The surgical records of a group of 141 patients who had undergone gastrectomy for gastric cancer following preoperative angiography were reviewed. Twenty-eight of the patients had an LHLG preoperatively; in 15 the artery was severed during surgery and in the remainder it was preserved. Postoperative liver function was assessed by measuring changes in lactate dehydrogenase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, and glutamic pyruvic transaminase activities. The greatest changes in liver function were observed in patients in whom the LHLG had been severed; the changes in liver function among patients whose LHLGs were preserved were similar to those in patients who had no LHLG. Notably, the wider the area fed by the LHLG, the greater was the change in liver function. The observed liver dysfunctions were transient, however, and normal function resumed within 7 days after operation.
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