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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epithelial cell rests of Malassez bind epidermal growth factor intensely (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 22 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The binding of 125I-labelled epidermal growth factor (EGF) in the dental follicle was studied by autoradiography. The follicle of a surgically removed impacted premolar was cut into small pieces which were incubated in the presence of 125I-EGF. Very intense binding was localized in the epithelial cell rests of Malassez, whereas only background labelling was seen in fibroblastic cells. EGF is a hormone-like molecule which is believed to exert its effects locally and through binding to a specific cell surface receptor. The number of EGF receptors in many cells – e.g., basal epidermal cells - is related to cell proliferation. The present observations indicate that EGF receptors are expressed in high amounts by the cells of the epithelial rests, and that these cells are thus potentially responsive to the actions of EGF. It can be speculated that activation of the epithelial rest cells in various pathologic conditions is associated with a local rise in the tissue level of EGF.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1987.tb01609.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two genes for missing teeth (1996)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature genetics 13 (1996), S. 379-380 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Complete and well-functioning dentition is a prerequisite for survival in most mammals. Although dental aberrations such as missing teeth (hypodontia) do not threaten human lives, they may cause masticatory dysfunctions, and — in modern society — even smaller irregularities can affect ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0896-379
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonindependence of mammalian dental characters (2004)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 432 (2004), S. 211-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Studies of mammalian evolution frequently use data derived from the dentition. Dental characters are particularly central for inferring phylogenetic relationships of fossil taxa, of which teeth are often the only recovered part. The use of different aspects of dental morphology as phylogenetic ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature02927
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gene expression patterns associated with suppression of odontogenesis in mouse and vole diastema regions (1999)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 209 (1999), S. 495-506 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Key words Developmental genes ; Mouse ; Microtus rossiaemeridionalis ; Rudimentary ; Tooth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Rodents have a toothless diastema region between the incisor and molar teeth which may contain rudimentary tooth germs. We found in upper diastema region of the mouse (Mus musculus) three small tooth germs which developed into early bud stage before their apoptotic removal, while the sibling vole (Microtus rossiaemeridionalis) had only a single but larger tooth germ in this region, and this developed into late bud stage before regressing apoptotically. To analyze the genetic mechanisms of the developmental arrest of the rudimentary tooth germs we compared the expression patterns of several developmental regulatory genes (Bmp2, Bmp4, Fgf4, Fgf8, Lef1, Msx1, Msx2, p21, Pitx2, Pax9 and Shh) between molars and diastema buds of mice and voles. In diastema tooth buds the expression of all the genes differed from that of molars. The gene expression patterns suggest that the odontogenic program consists of partially independent signaling cascades which define the exact location of the tooth germ, initiate epithelial budding, and transfer the odontogenic potential from the epithelium to the underlying mesenchyma. Although the diastema regions of the two species differed, in both species the earliest difference that we found was weaker expression of mesenchymal Pax9 in the diastema region than in molar and incisor regions at the dental lamina stage. However, based on earlier tissue recombination experiments it is conceivable that the developmental arrest is determined by the early oral epithelium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004270050282
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Association of developmental regulatory genes with the development of different molar tooth shapes in two species of rodents (1998)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 208 (1998), S. 477-486 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Key words Tooth morphogenesis ; Evolution ; Mouse ; Microtus rossiaemeridionalis ; Enamel knot
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  While the evolutionary history of mammalian tooth shapes is well documented in the fossil record, the developmental basis of their tooth shape evolution is unknown. We investigated the expression patterns of eight developmental regulatory genes in two species of rodents with different molar morphologies (mouse, Mus musculus and sibling vole, Microtus rossiaemeridionalis). The genes Bmp-2, Bmp-4, Fgf-4 and Shh encode signal molecules, Lef-1, Msx-1 and Msx-2, are transcription factors and p21 CIP1/WAF1 participates in the regulation of cell cycle. These genes are all known to be associated with developmental regulation in mouse molars. In this paper we show that the antisense mRNA probes made from mouse cDNA cross-hybridized with vole tissue. The comparisons of gene expression patterns and morphologies suggest that similar molecular cascades are used in the early budding of tooth germs, in the initiation of tooth crown base formation, and in the initiation of each cusp’s development. Furthermore, the co-localization of several genes indicate that epithelial signalling centres function at the three stages of morphogenesis. The earliest signalling centre in the early budding epithelium has not been reported before, but the latter signalling centres, the primary and the secondary enamel knots, have been studied in mouse. The appearance of species-specific tooth shapes was manifested by the regulatory molecules expressed in the secondary enamel knots at the areas of future cusp tips, whilst the mesenchymal gene expression patterns had a buccal bias without similar species-specific associations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004270050206
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gene defect in hypodontia: exclusion of MSX1 and MSX2 as candidate genes (1995)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 96 (1995), S. 305-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Hypodontia, congenital lack of one or a few teeth, is an autosomally inherited dominant trait. Homeobox genes MSX1 and MSX2 are expressed in presumptive dental tissues at the stage of initiation of tooth development. Recently, tooth development was shown to be inhibited in transgenic mice lacking a functional Msx1 gene. Here, we studied the relationship of the MSX1 and MSX2 genes to familial hypodontia in five Finnish families with a total of 20 affected individuals, by linkage analysis. The pairwise lod-scores regarding the intragenic microsatellites in the MSX1 and MSX2 genes at a recombination fraction of 0.0 were -3.1 and -3.0, respectively, thus excluding these genes as causative loci for hypodontia in these families.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00210412
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Developmental regulation and ultrastructure of glycogen deposits during murine tooth morphogenesis (1999)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 297 (1999), S. 271-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words Dental follicle ; Dental papilla ; Enamel organ ; Glycogen ; PAS reaction ; Tooth development ; Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions ; Mouse (CBA × NMRI)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The distribution and ultrastructure of glycogen deposits were investigated in the murine tooth germ by histochemical periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining and transmission electron microscopy. Lower and upper first molars were examined in mouse embryos at embryonic days 11.5–17 (E11.5–E17) and in 2-day-old postnatal (P2) mice. The oral and dental epithelia and the mesenchymal cells were generally PAS-positive during tooth morphogenesis. PAS-negative cells were present at E13 in the distal tip of the tooth bud epithelium and in the contacting mesenchyme, and this complete lack of PAS reactivity continued in the dental papilla mesenchyme and inner enamel epithelium during the cap and bell stages. The lack of glycogen deposits in the interacting epithelium and mesenchyme during early morphogenesis may be associated with their demonstrated high signaling activities. Mesenchymal cells in the dental follicle consistently possessed small clusters or large pools of glycogen, which disappeared by P2. Since an intense PAS reaction was seen in mesenchymal cells at future bone sites, the glycogen in the dental follicle cells may be associated with their development into hard-tissue-forming cells. Ultrastructural observation of the enamel organ cells from the cap to early bell stages (E14–E15) revealed the occurrence of glycogen pools, which were associated with the Golgi apparatus and with vesicles having amorphous contents. Glycogen particles were also occasionally present inside vesicles or in the extracellular matrix. These may be associated with the exocytosis of glycosaminoglycan components into extracellular spaces and the formation of the stellate reticulum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410051355
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of the distribution patterns of tenascin and alkaline phosphatase in developing teeth, cartilage, and bone of rats and mice (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 228 (1990), S. 69-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Tenascin is a glycoprotein of the extracellular matrix, which has been associated with differentiation of hard tissue forming cells. Alkaline phosphatase (AP) is involved in calcification, and it has also been suggested to function in cell differentiation. We have compared the distributions of tenascin and AP in the developing skull and teeth of embryonic and growing rats and mice. Tenascin was localized by immuno-Peroxidase and AP by enzyme histochemical staining of tissue sections. Both tenascin and AP were largely restricted to bone, cartilage, and teeth. In cartilage, tenascin was expressed in the perichondrium, whereas AP activity was detected only in the hypertrophic cartilage. In growing intramembranous bone, tenascin and AP were expressed in the periosteum and endosteum. AP activity was restricted to the inner layer of the periosteum, whereas tenascin expression extended to the more superficial layers. In bud-staged teeth tenascin but no AP activity was localized in the condensing mesenchymal cells around the epithelial bud. At the bell stage both tenascin and AP activity were localized in the cuspal mesenchyme, and the intensity of staining decreased towards the cervical region.In summary, tenascin was present at all sites of AP activity except in the epithelial cells of the enamel organ and the hypertrophic cartilage of the mandibular condyle. In mesenchymal tissues tenascin was more widely distributed than AP. It can be suggested that tenascin has functions at earlier stages of hard tissue formation than AP.
    Additional Material: 26 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092280111
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    92-kDa type IV collagenase and TIMP-3, but not 72-kDa type IV collagenase or TIMP-1 or TIMP-2, are highly expressed during mouse embryo implantation (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Dynamics 202 (1995), S. 388-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 1058-8388
    Keywords: Type IV collagenases ; Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) ; Trophoblast ; Embryo implantation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Expression of 72 kDa and 92 kDa type IV collagenases and the metalloproteinase inhibitors TIMPs 1, 2, and 3 was studied by in situ hybridization in implanting mouse embryos of days 5.5 to 7.5. The 92 kDa type IV collagenase was strongly expressed in invading trophoblasts, signals above background not being observed in the embryonic proper or placental tissue. In contrast, signals above background were not seen for the 72 kDa enzyme in any cells of the implantation region, including trophoblasts and stromal cells of the decidual tissue. Only cells in the mucosal stroma outside the decidual region displayed some expression. TIMP-3 was intensily expressed in maternal cells in the area surrounding the invading embryonic tissue. No expression was observed for TIMP-1 or TIMP-2 in the embryo proper, trophoblasts, or the area of the uterine decidual reactin. Weak signals appeared for TIMP-1 only in the circular layer of myometrial smooth muscle and in some uterine stroma cells distant from the site of embryo implantation. The results suggest a central role for 92 kDa type IV collagenase and TIMP-3 in the extracellular proteolysis associated with implantation of the early embryo. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1002020408
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coordinated induction of cell proliferation and syndecan expression in dental mesenchyme by epithelium: Evidence for diffusible signals (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 194 (1992), S. 105-117 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions ; Secondary induction ; Determination ; Cell lineages ; Cell surface proteoglycan ; Syndecan ; Tenascin ; Cytotactin ; Growth factor ; Organogenesis ; Cell condensation ; Morphogen ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions induce the expression of syndecan, a cell surface proteoglycan, and tenascin, an extracellular matrix glycoprotein in the mesenchymal component of many organ rudiments including the tooth. Experimental recombination cultures of early dental epithelium and mesenchyme were analysed by double immunostaining to compare the distribution of syndecan, tenascin, and proliferating cells (BrdU incorporation) in the induced dental mesenchyme. After 5-9 hr in culture expression of syndecan and tenascin as well as an increase in BrdU incorporation were evident in the mesenchymal cells adjacent to the epithelium and the positive area enlarged with time. Syndecan and tenascin were colocalized only partially in some explants. The expression of syndecan and tenascin in the recombinants correlates with their stage-dependent expression pattern during early tooth development in vivo (Vainio and Thesleff, 1992). The area of increased cell proliferation in the mesenchyme correlated closely with syndecan expression. In none of the explants was increased BrdU incorporation observed in syndecan negative areas. Epithelium induced also condensation of the mesenchymal cells. Induction and spread of the syndecan-positive zone in the dental mesenchyme required close and continuous contact with the epithelium. The mechanism by which the induction of syndecan expression spreads in the mesenchyme was studied in rat-mouse interspecies recombination cultures, using syndecan antibodies that recognize mouse but not rat syndecan. The rat mesenchyme and epithelium were first cultured in contact for 24 hr. Then the epithelium was removed and freshly dissected, “uninduced” mouse mesenchyme was placed in contact with different aspects of the rat mesenchyme. The rat mesenchymal cells that had located next to the epithelial tissue stimulated syndecan expression in adjacent mouse mesenchyme. The induction potential was gradually lost toward the periphery of the rat mesenchyme. Based on these findings we suggest that diffusible signal molecules mediate the spread of syndecan induction in the mesenchyme and that syndecan plays a role in the regulation of cell proliferation. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001940204
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