Library

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temporal and spatial root development of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis L.) (1998)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 201 (1998), S. 37-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: cauliflower ; nitrogen uptake ; root branching ; root distribution ; root growth rate ; rooting depth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Row crops are often inefficient in utilizing soil resources. One reason for this appears to be inefficient rooting of the available soil volume. Five experiments were performed to study the temporal and spatial root development of cauliflower (cv. ‘Plana’). The crop was grown with 60 cm between rows, and root development was followed in minirhizotrons placed under the crop rows, 15 cm, and 30 cm from the crop rows. Soil was sampled and analyzed for nitrate content at the final harvest and once during growth. In two of the experiments N fertilizer rate was varied and in two of the other experiments two cultivars were compared (cv. ‘Plana’ and ‘Siria’). The rooting depth of cauliflower was found to be linearly related to temperature sum, with a growth rate of 1.02 mm day-1 °C-1. Depending on duration of growth this leads to rooting depths at harvest of 85–115 cm. Soil analysis showed that the cauliflower was able to utilize soil nitrogen down to at least 100 cm. With Plana differences in root growth between row and interrow soil were only observed during early growth, but with Siria this difference was maintained until harvest. However, at harvest both cultivars had depleted row and interrow soil nitrate equally efficient. Nitrogen fertilizer did not affect overall root development significantly. The branching frequency of actively branching roots was increased in all soil layers from about 6 to 10 branches cm-1 by increasing N fertilizer additions from 130 to 290 kg N ha-1. Increasing N supply increased the number of actively branching roots in the topsoil and reduced it in the subsoil. The average growth rate of the roots was always highest in the newly rooted soil layers, but fell during time. At 74 days after planting very few roots were growing in the upper 60 cm of the soil whereas 70% of the root tips observed in the 80–100 cm soil layer were actively growing. Within each soil layer there was a large variation in growth rate of individual root tips.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004393417695
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vertical and horizontal development of the root system of carrots following green manure (1999)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 212 (1999), S. 143-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: carrot ; green manure ; nitrogen ; organic production ; rooting depth ; root distribution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Cover crops grown as green manure or for other purposes will affect nitrogen (N) distribution in the soil, and may thereby alter root growth of a succeeding crop. During two years, experiments were performed to study effects of nitrogen supply by green manure on root development of carrots (Daucus carota L). Total root intensity (roots cm−2 on minirhizotrons) was significantly affected by the green manures, and was highest in the control plots where no green manure had been grown. Spread of the root system into the interrow soil was also affected by green manure treatments, as the spread was reduced where spring topsoil Nmin was high. Although N supply and distribution in the soil profile differed strongly among the treatments, no effect was observed on the rooting depth of the carrot crops. Across all treatments the rooting front penetrated at a rate of 0.82 and 0.68 mm day−1 °C−1 beneath the crop rows and in the interrow soil, respectively. The minirhizotrons only allowed measurements down to 1 m, and the roots reached this depth before harvest. Extrapolating the linear relationship between temperature sum and rooting depth until harvest would lead to rooting depths of 1.59 and 1.18 m under the crop rows and in the interrow soil respectively. Soil analysis showed that the carrot crop was able to reduce Nmin to very low levels even in the 0.75 to 1.0 m soil layer, which is in accordance with the root measurements. Still, where well supplied, the carrots left up 90 kg N ha−1 in the soil at harvest. This seemed to be related to a limited N uptake capacity of the carrots rather than to insufficient root growth in the top metre of the soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004646522369
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modelling and measuring the effect of nitrogen catch crops on the nitrogen supply for succeeding crops (1998)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 203 (1998), S. 79-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: cover crop ; nitrate leaching ; nitrogen availability ; preemptive competition ; root depth ; simulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Nitrogen catch crops are grown to absorb nitrogen from the rooting zone during autumn and winter. The uptake of N (Nupt) from the soil inorganic N pool (Nmin) to a pool of catch crop nitrogen, will protect the nitrogen against leaching. After incorporation, a fraction (m) of the catch crop nitrogen is mineralized and becomes available again. However, not all available nitrogen present in the soil in the autumn is lost by leaching during winter. A fraction (r) of the nitrogen absorbed by the catch crop would, without a catch crop, have been retained within the rooting zone. The first year nitrogen beneficial effect (Neff) of a catch crop may then be expressed b N eff = m*N upt - r* N upt The soil-plant simulation model DAISY was evaluated for its ability to simulate the effects of catch crops on spring Nmin and Neff. Based on incubation studies, parameter values were assigned to a number of catch crop materials, and these parameter values were then used to simulate spring Nmin. The model was able to predict much of the vairiation in the measured spring Nmin (r2 = 0.48***) and there was good agreement between the measured and the simulated effect of winter precipitation on spring Nmin and Neff. Scenarios including variable soil and climate conditions, and variable root depth of the succeeding crop were simulated. It is illustrated that the effect of catch crops on nitrogen availability for the succeeding crop depends strongly on the rooting depth of the succeeding crop. If the succeeding crop is deep rooted and the leaching intensity is low, there is a high risk that a catch crop will have a negative effect on nitrogen availability. The simulations showed that the strategy for the growing of catch crops should be adapted to the actual situation, especially to the expected leaching intensity and to the rooting depth of the succeeding crop.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004398131396
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Root Growth of Green Pea (Pisum sativum) L.) Genotypes (1998)
    Springer
    Crop science 38 (1998), S. 1445-1451 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-0653
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Root development of 12 genotypes of green pea was followed using a minirhizotron system. Rooting-depth development followed a simple pattern, consisting of an initial lag phase during germination and early growth, followed by a linear phase that ended ≈10 d after the onset of flowering. All genotypes followed this general pattern. Significant differences were found in the length of the linear phase of rooting-depth development. These differences were due to variation in the length of the initial lag phase, and variation in the time until the onset of flowering. The genotypes with the lowest seed weight also showed the longest lag phase. No significant differences in the rate of rooting-depth development during the linear growth phase were found among the genotypes. The rate of rooting-depth development was estimated to be 0.086 cm d-1°C-1 across the genotypes. Measurements on six of the genotypes in root-observation boxes showed the same differences between genotypes as found in the field, although the rate of rooting-depth development was much higher. The observed differences in rooting depth and the fact that these differences could also be observed in a simple way in the root-observation boxes, suggest that efficient breeding methods for rooting-depth development can be developed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...