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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 58 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: We used both the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization to search for the presence of proteolipid protein (PLP) gene transcripts in the developing mouse. Total brain RNA extracted from 13-19-day embryos, analyzed by PCR, demonstrated the presence of a single transcript that was unambiguously identified with the DM-20 mRNA. RNA samples from postnatal day 2 animals also showed a signal corresponding to the PLP transcript, in addition to the DM-20 message. By in situ hybridization of 10-day embryos using a DM-20 antisense cRNA probe, we showed that the localization of the DM-20 message was restricted to the diencephalic basal plate. On the same embryo sections, in addition to the brain localization, an intense hybridizing signal was also detected in the trigeminal and spinal ganglia, the vagal glossopharyngeal ganglion, and the sympathetic ganglion chain. The demonstration of transcription of the PLP gene, long before the beginning of the myelination process, suggests that in addition to a structural function in myelin compaction, some of the products of the PLP gene (DM-20) may have a role during the compartmentalization and differentiation of the neural tube.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 58 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: DM20 is an abundant CNS myelin-specific protein whose role in myelinogenesis is unknown. We have cloned the DM20 cDNA from adult mouse brain total RNA using the polymerase chain reaction and expressed it in HeLa cells. DM20, detected by immunofluorescence in stable transfectants, is present in some cells in large, intensely fluorescent intracellular clumps that probably represent elements of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. Frequently, intense DM20 fluorescence could be detected at the plasma membrane. These findings are consistent with previous studies demonstrating that an intracellular “pool” of DM20 and its larger isoform, proteolipid protein, exists and that a substantial lag occurs between synthesis and insertion of these proteins into the expanding myelin membrane. Permanent DM20 expressors in contact with one another do not display any ultrastructural rearrangements at regions of cell–cell contact, in contrast to what we have previously reported for P0, a PNS-specific protein shown to mediate adhesion of the extracellular faces of the Schwann cell during PNS myelinogenesis. We believe that these results indicate that if DM20 is indeed an adhesion molecule, this property is likely to be significantly more subtle than P0-mediated adhesion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To characterize regulatory DNA sequences involved in oligodendroglial expression of myelin basic protein (MBP), transgenic mice carrying a 256 bp fragment of the mouse MBP promoter fused to an Escherichia coli lacZ gene were generated. Of four transgenic families, two (lines 2 and 4) expressed β-galactosidase activity in the nervous system but not in most other tissues. Histochemical and immunohistochemical analysis of adult brain from these two lines showed oligodendroglial-specific expression of the transgene. In line 2, only a small proportion of oligodendrocytes expressed the transgene, and in labelled cells the product of the enzymatic reaction with β-galactosidase was confined to a small round vesicle in the vicinity of the nucleus. In contrast, in tissue sections from line 4 adult brain and spinal cord β-galactosidase activity was much more intense and at least 80 – 90% of oligodendrocytes expressed the transgene. Detection of the MBP-lacZ transcript by in situ hybridization showed that the transgene mRNA was confined to the oligodendrocyte cell body. These results suggest that cis-acting regulatory elements, specifying oligodendrocytes identity, are located within 256 bp upstream from the MBP gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 101 (1994), S. 165-168 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Eye movements ; Hippocampus ; Memory ; Temporal lobe ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The role of the hippocampal formation in the control of memory-guided saccades is unclear. We tested two types of memory-guided saccades with short memorization delay in three patients with a lesion affecting the right medial temporal lobe and involving the hippocampal formation. In single memory-guided saccades, testing spatial working memory, the gain of the patient group did not differ from that of an age-matched control group. In contrast, in sequences of memory guided saccades, testing chronological working memory, there was a marked and significant increase in the percentage of erroneous sequences in patients, compared to controls. These results suggest an important role of the hippocampal formation in the memorization of the chronological order of saccade sequences. In contrast, this structure does not appear to be crucial for spatial working memory, used in single memory-guided saccades.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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