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Streptococcus dysgalactiae-derived mitogen (SDM), a novel bacterial superantigen: characterization of its biological activity and predicted tertiary structure (2003)

Miyoshi-Akiyama, Tohru ; Zhao, Jizi ; Kato, Hidehito ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd

Molecular microbiology 47 (2003), S. 0

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ISSN: 1365-2958

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Biology , Medicine

Notes: A mitogenic substance, designated Streptococcus dysgalactiae-derived mitogen (SDM), was purified from S. dysgalactiae culture supernatant, and the gene encoding the mitogen was cloned. Both native and recombinant SDM expressed in Escherichia coli significantly activated human Vβ1+ and Vβ23+ T cells in association with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules on accessory cells, indicating that SDM possesses superantigenic properties. The sdm gene consists of two segments encoding a signal peptide and a mature 25 kDa protein composed of 212 amino acids. Three of 34 S. dysgalactiae strains but none of 28 Streptococcus pyogenes strains examined carried sdm. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that SDM belongs to a family distinct from established bacterial superantigens. SDM showed around 30% homology with other superantigens at the amino acid sequence level. The tertiary structure of SDM was predicted by modelling onto streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin C and streptococcal mitogenic exotoxin Z-2, both of which share highly homologous structure-determining regions. SDM showed overall structural similarity to both these superantigens. This is the first study to characterize fully a bacterial superantigen from S. dysgalactiae.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03411.x

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Penetration of pazufloxacin into the fluid of suction blisters induced in human skin (1996)

Totsuka, Kyoichi ; Tei, Munetetsu ; Kodama, Kazuo ; [et al.]

Springer

Journal of infection and chemotherapy 2 (1996), S. 280-282

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ISSN: 1437-7780

Keywords: pazufloxacin ; suction blister fluid ; pharmacokinetics

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Abstract We investigated the pharmacokinetics of pazufloxacin (PZFX) in the fluid of suction blisters induced in the skin of 6 healthy male volunteers after a 200 mg oral dose of PZFX. The time to reach the maximum concentration (t max) of PZFX in plasma was 0.7 hours, and the maximum concentration (C max) was 2.95 μg/mL. The half-life of the elimination phase (t 1/2) in plasma was 1.75 hours, and the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) was 6.70 μg·h/mL. Thet max,C max,t 1/2 and AUC values in the suction blister fluid were 2.0 hours, 1.52 μg/mL, 1.95 hours and 6.28 μg·h/mL, respectively. The ratio of the AUC of PZFX in blister fluid to the AUC in plasma was almost 1.0. Thus, excellent penetration of PZFX into suction blister fluid was observed.