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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DEGRADATION OF GALLIC ACID BY A PSEUDOMONAS SPECIES (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 7 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1980.tb01610.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monitoring bioremediation in creosote-contaminated soils using chemical analysis and toxicity tests (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 24 (2000), S. 132-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: bioremediation; creosote; microbiology; soil contamination; soil toxicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Three soils with a history of creosote contamination (designated NB, TI and AC) were treated in bench-scale microcosms using conditions (nutrient amendment, moisture content and temperature) which had promoted mineralization of 14C-pyrene in a preliminary study. Bioremediation was monitored using the solid-phase Microtox test, seed germination and earthworm survival assays, SOS-chromotest, Toxi-chromotest and a red blood cell (RBC) haemolysis assay. Contaminant concentrations in the AC soil did not change after 150 days. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations decreased in the NB soil, and toxicity decreased overall according to the earthworm, seed germination and Microtox tests. Although total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) in the TI soil were reduced following treatment, results of the earthworm, seed germination, RBC and Microtox tests suggested an initial increase in toxicity indicating that toxic intermediary metabolites may have formed during biodegradation. Toxicity testing results did not always correlate with contaminant concentrations, nor were the trends indicated by each test consistent for any one soil. Each test demonstrated a different capacity to detect reductions in soil contamination. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2000) 24, 132–139.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900789
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chlorophenol and nitrophenol metabolism by Sphingomonas sp UG30 (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 23 (1999), S. 232-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: dechlorination; degradation; nitrophenols; pentachlorophenol (PCP); Sphinogomonas; xenobiotics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Sphingomonas sp UG30 is a pentachlorophenol (PCP)-degrading bacterial strain capable of degrading several nitrophenolic compounds, including p-nitrophenol (PNP), 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP), p-nitrocatechol and 4,6-dinitro-o-cresol (DNOC). The ability to degrade both chlorophenolic and nitrophenolic compounds is probably not restricted to UG30, but may also be possessed by other pentachlorophenol-degrading Sphingomonas spp. The interesting question arises as to whether there is any point of convergence between the initial pathways of PCP and nitrophenol degradation in these microorganisms. There is some experimental evidence that PCP-4-monooxygenase is involved in metabolism of both p-nitrophenol and 2,4-dinitrophenol. Further studies are needed to confirm this and to examine the role(s) of other PCP-degrading enzymes in nitrophenol metabolism by this microorganism. In this paper, we review some of the taxonomic, biochemical, physiological and ecological properties of Sphingomonas sp UG30 with respect to biodegradation of PCP and nitrophenolic compounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900749
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phenol metabolism by two microorganisms isolated from Amazonian forest soil samples (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 24 (2000), S. 403-409 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: phenol; soil; enzyme; extracellular
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Two microorganisms isolated from Amazonian forest soil samples and identified as Candida tropicalis and Alcaligenes faecalis were capable of degrading phenol (16 and 12 mM, respectively) at high salt concentrations (15% and 5.6%, respectively). Chromatographic and enzymatic studies revealed that each microorganism cleaved phenol at the ortho position with total phenol mineralization. 14C-phenol mineralization assays showed that both microorganisms assimilated about 30% of the total label. No phenol degradation metabolite (i.e., catechol, cis, cis-muconic acid) was detected in the intercellular medium. The presence of phenol hydroxylase (EC 1.14.13.7) and catechol 1,2-dioxygenase (EC 1.13.11.1) extracellular activity suggested that these microorganisms may secrete these enzymes into the extracellular medium. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2000) 24, 403–409.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.7000006
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Degradation of p-nitrophenol and pentachlorophenol mixtures by Sphingomonas sp. UG30 in soil perfusion bioreactors (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 25 (2000), S. 93-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: bioreactor; degradation; encapsulation; p-nitrophenol; pentachlorophenol; perfusion; remediation; soil; Sphingomonas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The degradation of mixtures of pentachlorophenol (PCP) and p-nitrophenol (PNP) were evaluated in pure cultures of Sphingomonas sp. UG30, statically incubated soils (60% water-holding capacity) and soil perfusion bioreactors where encapsulated cells of UG30 were used as a soil inoculant. In pure-culture studies, conditions were optimized for mineralization of PCP and PNP mixtures at concentrations of 30 mg l−1 each. Optimum in vitro mineralization of PCP and PNP mixtures by UG30 was facilitated using ammonium phosphate as a nitrogen source, while inhibition was observed with ammonium nitrate. The bioreactor system used columns containing soil treated with mixtures of 100, 225 or 500 mg kg−1 of PCP and PNP. Rapid dissipation of both substrates was observed at the 100 mg kg−1 level. Inoculation with UG30 enhanced PCP degradation at the 100 mg kg−1 level in bioreactors but not in static soil microcosms. At higher PCP and PNP concentrations (225 mg kg−1), occasional complete degradation of PNP was observed, and PCP degradation was about 80% compared to about 25% in statically incubated soils after 20 days at 22°C. There was no additional degradation of the PCP and PNP mixtures attributable to inoculation with encapsulated cells of UG30 in either soil system at concentrations of 225 or 500 mg kg−1. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2000) 25, 93–99.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.7000040
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP): a review of the procedure and its applications (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 21 (1998), S. 99-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: AFLP; molecular markers; genetic mapping; PCR; polymorphism; DNA fingerprinting
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) is a novel molecular fingerprinting technique that can be applied to DNAs of any source or complexity. Total genomic DNA is digested using two restriction enzymes. Double-stranded nucleotide adapters are ligated to the DNA fragments to serve as primer binding sites for PCR amplification. Primers complementary to the adapter and restriction site sequence, with additional nucleotides at the 3′-end, are used as selective agents to amplify a subset of ligated fragments. Polymorphisms are identified by the presence or absence of DNA fragments following analysis on polyacrylamide gels. This technique has been extensively used with plant DNA for the development of high-resolution genetic maps and for the positional cloning of genes of interest. However, its application is rapidly expanding in bacteria and higher eukaryotes for determining genetic relationships and for epidemiological typing. This review describes the AFLP procedure, and recent, novel applications in the molecular fingerprinting of DNA from both eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900537
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copper toxicity and uptake in microorganisms (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 6 (1990), S. 77-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Copper ; Cofactor ; Copper-resistance mechanisms ; Toxicity ; Microorganisms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Copper is a required trace element for growth of microorganisms since it is a cofactor for numerous enzymes. Also, proteins containing copper are important electron transfer carriers. However, at elevated concentrations, copper can be highly toxic to microorganisms. This review examines copper toxicity and uptake in microorganisms, with an emphasis on copper-resistance mechanisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01576426
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bacterial conjugation betweenEscherichia coli andPseudomonas spp. donor and recipient cells in soil (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 5 (1990), S. 79-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Bacteria ; Soil ; Conjugation ; Gene transfer ; Plasmids ; Survival
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Experiments conducted in microcosms containing loam soil samples inoculated with eitherE. coli orPseudomonas spp. donor and recipient cells showed that bacterial cells survived and conjugated over a 24-h incubation period.E. coli transconjugants were detected 6 h after donor and recipient strains were introduced into sterile soil samples. In non-sterile soil samples, transconjugants were detected between 8 and 24 h incubation.Pseudomonas transconjugants were recovered from sterile soil samples between 6 and 12 h after their introduction and as early as 2 h in non-sterile soil. The results show that genetic interactions occur in non-sterile soil in relatively short periods of time at relatively high transfer frequencies (10−3 to 10−4). Studies on genetic interactions in soil are becoming necessary in risk assessment/environmental impact studies prior to the release of genetically engineered or modified organisms into uncontained environments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01573856
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bacterial interactions with silver (1990)
    Springer
    BioMetals 3 (1990), S. 151-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8773
    Keywords: Silver ; Nickel ; Bacteria ; Toxicity ; Metal tolerance ; Accumulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary This review examines interactions between bacteria and the biologically non-essential metal, silver. Aspects of silver toxicity, tolerance and accumulation (possible binding and uptake as opposed to energy-dependent transport) in bacteria are discussed. In addition, plasmid biology is examined briefly since little information is available on the exact mechanism(s) of plasmid-endoced silver resistance in bacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01140573
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Silver, copper, lead and zinc accumulation byPseudomonas stutzeri AG259 andStreptomyces albus : electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray studies (1994)
    Springer
    BioMetals 7 (1994), S. 201-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8773
    Keywords: accumulation ; copper ; electron microscopy ; lead ; Pseudomonas stutzeri ; silver ; Streptomyces albus ; X-ray analysis ; zinc
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Metal accumulation by a silver-resistant Pseudomonas stutzeri AG259 strain and a Streptomyces albus strain was investigated in a mixed metal solution of silver, copper, lead and zinc. The location of silver, lead and copper on cells was determined by transmission electron microscopy coupled with an X-ray analysis system. In P. stutzeri cells silver was detected as dense deposits on the cells. Copper and lead were distributed over the cells. S. albus accumulated these metals only on part of cells with a higher concentration per cell than in P. stutzeri.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00140492
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