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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High interleukin-6 plasma levels in acute promyelocytic leukemia (1992)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 64 (1992), S. 303-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01695476
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Incidence of chromosome abnormalities and clinical significance of karyotype in de novo acute myeloid leukemia
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics 67 (1993), S. 28-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 0165-4608
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0165-4608(93)90040-S
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contribution of immunophenotypic and genotypic analyses to the diagnosis of acute leukemia (1995)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 71 (1995), S. 13-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Acute leukemia ; Diagnosis ; Immunophenotypic ; Cytogenetics ; Molecular genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Diagnostic accuracy in acute leukemia (AL) can be improved if traditional morphology and cytochemistry are supplemented with immunophenotypic and genotypic analyses. This multiparameter approach is of crucial importance for the management of patients, as it enables the identification of leukemic syndromes with distinct biological features and response to treatment. Immunophenotyping using monoclonal antibodies has been universally accepted as a useful adjunct to morphological criteria. This technique is particularly valuable in diagnosing and subclassifying acute lymphoblastic leukemia and is also essential in certain types of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), such as AML with minimal differentiation or acute megakaryoblastic leukemia. Cytogenetic findings can be quite helpful in establishing the correct diagnosis and can add information of prognostic significance. A number of specific chromosomal abnormalities have been recognized that are very closely, and sometimes uniquely, associated with morphologically and clinically distinct subsets of leukemia. An even more basic understanding of normal and malignant hematopoietic cells has begun to evolve as molecular biology begins to unravel gene misprogramming by Southern and Northern blot analysis, the polymerase chain reaction, and fluorescence in situ hybridization. With the extensive use of these techniques it has become apparent that a proportion of leukemias exhibit the biologically relevant molecular defect in the absence of a karyotypic equivalent. On the other hand, apparently uniform chromosomal abnormalities such as the t(1;19) (q23;p13), t(9;22) (q33;q11), t(8;14) (q24;q32), or t(15;17) (q21;q21) may differ at the molecular level. Data collected from these modern technologies have introduced a greater complexity, which needs to be taken into consideration to improve both the diagnostic precision and the reproducibility of current classifications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01696228
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contribution of immunophenotypic and genotypic analyses to the diagnosis of acute leukemia (1995)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 71 (1995), S. 13-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words Acute leukemia ; Diagnosis ; Immunophenotypic ; Cytogenetics ; Molecular genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Diagnostic accuracy in acute leukemia (AL) can be improved if traditional morphology and cytochemistry are supplemented with immunophenotypic and genotypic analyses. This multiparameter approach is of crucial importance for the management of patients, as it enables the identification of leukemic syndromes with distinct biological features and response to treatment. Immunophenotyping using monoclonal antibodies has been universally accepted as a useful adjunct to morphological criteria. This technique is particularly valuable in diagnosing and subclassifying acute lymphoblastic leukemia and is also essential in certain types of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), such as AML with minimal differentiation or acute megakaryoblastic leukemia. Cytogenetic findings can be quite helpful in establishing the correct diagnosis and can add information of prognostic significance. A number of specific chromosomal abnormalities have been recognized that are very closely, and sometimes uniquely, associated with morphologically and clinically distinct subsets of leukemia. An even more basic understanding of normal and malignant hematopoietic cells has begun to evolve as molecular biology begins to unravel gene misprogramming by Southern and Northern blot analysis, the polymerase chain reaction, and fluorescence in situ hybridization. With the extensive use of these techniques it has become apparent that a proportion of leukemias exhibit the biologically relevant molecular defect in the absence of a karyotypic equivalent. On the other hand, apparently uniform chromosomal abnormalities such as the t(1;19) (q23;p13), t(9;22) (q33;q11), t(8;14) (q24;q32), or t(15;17) (q21;q21) may differ at the molecular level. Data collected from these modern technologies have introduced a greater complexity, which needs to be taken into consideration to improve both the diagnostic precision and the reproducibility of current classifications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01696228
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FISH analysis for CML monitoring ? (1996)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 73 (1996), S. 113-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words IFN therapy ; CML monitoring ; BCR-ABL ; Philadelphia chromosome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Conventional cytogenetics is considered the gold standard for evaluating CML during interferon (IFN) treatment. Drawbacks to this approach are the small number of metaphases available during IFN therapy and the impossibility of scoring interphase cells. We applied, besides cytogenetics, double-color FISH (dc-FISH) detection of BCR-ABL gene fusion to monitor 20 CML patients on IFN. dc-FISH easily detected 200 cells per specimen, while with cytogenetic examination a mean of 16.1 mitoses per sample were scored. Though the correlation of dc-FISH and cytogenetic data was good (r=0.77, p〈0.001), the discrepancy between the two methods as regards the proportion of leukemic cells in the marrow was often important. dc-FISH detected a relevant proportion of BCR-ABL+ cells in three patients classified as complete cytogenetic responders and showed that, after 9–12 months of IFN treatment, a significant reduction of BCR-ABL+ cells was present in all the 20 patients tested. This might suggest that all CML patients are potentially responsive to IFN. Though more data are required, we think that dc-FISH is more informative than cytogenetic analysis for CML monitoring. Notably because of the simplicity of the procedure, this method could be easily standardized among different laboratories, thus permitting cross-comparison in therapeutic trials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002770050211
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A phase-II trial of all trans retinoic acid and low-dose cytosine arabinoside for the treatment of high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (2000)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 79 (2000), S. 138-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: HRMDS ; ATRA ; LDARAc
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: trans retinoic acid (45 mg/m2) and s.c. low-dose cytosine arabinoside (LDARAc) given at the dose of 20 mg twice per day. The courses were repeated monthly until response or progression; in the case of response, the therapy was administered until relapse. Morphologic diagnoses were refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB) in nine, RAEB in transformation (RAEB-t) in nine, and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMMoL) in four patients; in all cases, bone-marrow blast infiltration was greater than 10% (median 20%, range 12–30%). When the international prognostic scoring system was applied, all the cases qualified as intermediate/high-risk categories. Nineteen patients were males and three were females; the median age was 69 years (range 25–90 years); three patients had previously been treated with conventional chemotherapy, and one of them had also undergone autologous bone-marrow transplantation. The criteria of response were defined as follows: (1) complete response: normalization of blood counts and bone-marrow blasts ( 〈5%), and (2) partial response: decrease in bone-marrow blast infiltration by 50%, and two of the following parameters – improvement in hemoglobin level by 1.5 g/dl or decrease by 50% in transfusional requirement, increase by 50% in absolute neutrophil count, and increase by 50% in platelet count. Overall, 7 (32%) of 22 patients achieved a response, with 5 (23%) being classified as complete responders and 2 (9%) as partial responders. Fifteen (68%) patients did not achieve any response, and 14 died of progressive disease or infectious disease. The overall median survival was 8 months (range 1–27 months), whereas the median survival of responders was 16 months (range 8–27 months); the median duration of response was 11 months (range 2–21 months). Moderate to severe hematological toxicity and infections were the most common side effects. In conclusion, it seems that the association of ATRA and LDARA-C may be effective in approximately 30% of HRMDS patients. Optimizing this approach might be pursued by selecting, on a biological basis, those cases more likely to respond or by incorporating other differentiating agents or growth factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002770050569
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Minimally differentiated acute myeloid leukemia (AML-MO): a distinct clinico-biologic entity with poor prognosis (1996)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 72 (1996), S. 208-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words AML-M0 ; Anti-MPO ; Complex karyotypes ; MDR phenotype
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  FAB proposals for the diagnosis of AML-M0 represent the formal recognition of a distinct entity which has been described over the past few years by several authors and called minimally differentiated acute myeloid leukemia. By definition, AML-M0 includes acute leukemias which do not fit morphological and cytochemical criteria for the diagnosis of AML, and for which myeloid lineage assignment can be made by immunological assay showing positivity for MPO, CD13, and CD33 and negativity for lymphoid markers. Involvement of an early myeloid progenitor in the leukemic process is a possible theory hypothesized to explain the existence of such a form. Validity of this assumption has been based on the observation that AML-M0 frequently bears "stem cell" markers such as CD34, HLA-DR, Tdt, CD7, and promiscuous IgH/TCR gene rearrangements, which are thought to occur in uncommitted cells. Finally, AML-M0 very frequently carries cytogenetic abnormalities common to MDS or secondary AML, such as -5/5q- or -7/7q- deletions and or complex karyotype. In our experience, AML-M0 is also very often associated with the MDR phenotype, which in turn has been found strictly linked to "stem cell" features, especially in MDS. These biological aspects, altogether, translate into a very unfavorable prognosis, confirming even from a clinical point of view that AML-M0 is a distinct entity. In conclusion, "stem cell" markers, MDR phenotype, complex chromosome lesions, frequent occurrence in elderly patients, and intrinsic chemoresistance characterize AML-M0 and indicate the need for tailored treatments, possibly involving the use of MDR modulators and/or differentiating agents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002770050162
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    All-trans retinoic acid plus low doses of cytarabine for the treatment of “poor-risk” acute myeloid leukemias (1993)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 66 (1993), S. 59-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Acute myeloid leukemias ; All-trans retinoic acid ; Low doses of Ara-C ; Differentiation therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Thirteen refractory/resistant AML patients no suitable for additional aggressive chemotherapy, were treated with a combination including all -trans retinoic acid (45 mg/m2 sine die) and low doses of Ara-C (20 mg/m2 subcutaneously, twice in a day, days 1–10, every 28 days). Ten patients were évaluable; 8 of them achieved a complete remission, two patients with an important tumor burden, failed to achieve a response. One complete remission patient relapsed after 7 months but is still receiving the same therapy and is now in partial remission. We believe this combination effective as inducer of complete remission in those AML patients which cannot tolerate additional heavy treatments. The role of tumor burden in affecting response to therapy remains to be still evaluated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01695884
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-Hodgkin lymphomas of the Central Nervous System (1991)
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 12 (1991), S. 453-459 
    Details
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Non-Hodking lymphoma ; Central Nervous System ; HIV
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario I linfomi non-Hodgkin (LNH) del Sistema Nervoso Centrale (SNC) rappresentano una patologia molto rara che comunque assume peculiare rilevanza clinica, biologica e terapeutica. I linfomi primitivi del SNC rappresentano il 2% di tutti i linfomi maligni e lo 0,3%–1,5% di tutti i tumori intracranici. Le modalità terapeutiche adottate sono abbastanza complesse, l'intervento chirurgico e la radioterapia non hanno ottenuto un significativo controllo della malattia; i risultati più soddisfacenti sono stati attribuiti all'impiego combinato della terapia chirurgica in associazione con la radioterapia e la chemioterapia; tuttavia l'impiego ottimale di tali trattamenti non è stato ancora definito. Un altro particolare aspetto è costituito dal coinvolgimento neuromeningeo nel corso di LNH a diffusione sistemica e dalle problematiche di profilassi e trattamento che ne conseguono. In questi ultimi anni alcuni studi hanno suggerito che l'insorgenza di LNH del SNC può essere incrementata da stati di immunodeficienza acquisita come quelli che si verificano in pazienti sottoposti a trapianto d'organo, in casi di disordini autoimmunitari e ancora più recentemente nella Sindrome da Immunodeficienza Acquisita (AIDS). La frequenza di questi tumori sta comunque aumentando e quindi si rende indispensabile una migliore comprensione di tale patologia.
    Notes: Abstract Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) of the Central Nervous System (CNS) are rare but they nonetheless consistute a clinical, biological and therapeutic problem of great interest. Primary lymphomas of the CNS account for 2% of all malignant lymphomas and for 0.3–1.5% of all intracranial tumors. Surgery and radiotherapy afford only poor control of the disease. The most satisfactory results have been achieved with combination therapy, surgery+radiotherapy+chemiotherapy, but the optimal combination has still to be devised. Secondary neuromeningeal involvement affects a fair number of patients with systemic NHL. The symptoms are broadly the same as in CNS NHL and the treatment as problematic. There have recently been suggestions that the onset of CNS NHL may be exacerbated by immunodeficiency states such as occur in patients who have undergone organ transplantation, in autoimmune disease and, still more recently, in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The frequency of these tumors is anyway on the increase and a better insight into the disease in essential.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02335506
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