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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Forest pathology 29 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1439-0329
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Thirteen Finnish Gremmeniella abietina isolates of types A and B were compared for differences in their virulence. Three kinds of inoculations were made: one with conidia on young Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) seedlings and two with mycelia on the stems and shoots of young Scots pine trees. Inoculations with conidia were carried out in August 1992 and inoculations with mycelia were carried out six times between 11 August and 20 October, 1992. The experiments were evaluated in the late spring and early summer of 1993. The results showed that there was a difference in virulence between the two types. In the conidial inoculations type A infected 34.7% and type B infected 11.0% of the inoculated seedlings. For mycelial inoculations with type A the mean canker (stems) and necrosis (shoots) lengths were 19.3 mm and 8.6 mm longer, respectively, than with type B inoculations. In shoot inoculations there also was a clear difference between the two types in the number of such inoculations where no symptoms were observed. For type B shoot inoculations there was no fungal growth in 21.5% whereas for type A inoculations the figure was only 3.7%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Forest pathology 27 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1439-0329
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) seedlings were planted in a nursery bed 20 cm thick. The substrate had been removed from an illuvial horizon in the soil underlying a stand of Scots pine in Finland, which had suffered from severe infection by Gremmeniella abietina. The seedlings were irrigated for 3 years, applying three pH levels (2.5, 3.5, and 4.5) using sulphuric acid, nitric acid, and a 3:1 mixture of sulphuric and nitric acid. The pH of the pure water used in the control treatment was 6.1–6.4. The seedlings were inoculated with the conidiospores of G. abietina to find out their susceptibility to infection with the Scleroderris canker disease.Because to the adequacy of its buffering capacity, the soil was observed to become more acidic only in the treatments at pH 2.5. The concentrations of extractable Ca and Mg cations decreased while the concentration of Al and Fe increased with soil acidification during the 3-year experiment. Acidification did not increase the susceptibility of Scots pine to infection by the Scleroderris canker. Seedling growth was at its maximum in the acidification treatments where most nitrogen was added.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 7 (1978), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The components of human leucocyte dialysate thought to contain transfer factor, which irresponsible for its capacity to augment antigen or mitogen induced lymphocyte blasogenesis in vitro, were determined by comparing the activity of the original dialysate with its fractions derived from chromatography on Sephadex G-10. Augmentation of leucoagglutinin (LA) induced transformation was only observed using the original dialysate and two fractions (IIb and IIc) eluting before the total volume of the column. These fractions contained the majority of free amino acids in the dialysate, and no trichloroacetic acid (TCA) precipitable material. Synthetic mixtures, containing the same amount of free amino acids as the fractions, augmented both tuberculin PPD and LA induced blastogenesis in a similar manner to the fractions. The augmenting activity of the synthetic mixture and hence, presumably, the dialysate fractions seemed to be due mostly to l-serine and glycine, non-essential amino acids not present in MEM-S, the culture medium used. No augmenting affect by leucocyte dialysate was seen when MEM-S was replaced by RPMI 1640, a culture medium containing both l-serine and glycine. The results suggest that the non-specific in vitro activity of leucocyte dialysate in this test may be due to a medium supplementation effect and that this phenomenon is probably not relevant to the nonspecific consequences of injection of transfer factor in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Clinica Chimica Acta 53 (1974), S. 369-372 
    ISSN: 0009-8981
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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