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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessment of genetic diversity of cultivated chickpea using microsatellite-derived RFLP markers: Implications for origin (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 116 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis was performed on 30 accessions of cultivated chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) collected from 11 different countries representing the Near East, Central Asian and Hindustani regions. A synthetic digoxygenated oligonucleotide (GATA)4 complementary to a microsatellite DNA sequence was used as a probe. The results revealed that simple repetitive sequences are abundant and polymorphic in the chickpea genome. The fragments detected were used lo estimate the genetic diversity within accessions and a similarity index between the genotypes of the accessions. The genetic distance data were used to construct a dendrogram depicting genetic relationships among the different accessions. The results indicate that the greatest genetic diversity occurs in Pakistan, Iraq, Afghanistan, south-east Russia, Turkey and Lebanon. Lower genetic diversity was found in Iran, India, Syria, Jordan and Palestine, Based on DNA markers, it is concluded that there are three centres of diversity for chickpea: Pakistan-Afghanistan. Iraq Turkey and Lebanon. India, which was previously considered as a secondary center of diversity for chickpea, showed lower diversity than the above regions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1997.tb02192.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genotyping with RAPD and microsatellite markers resolves pathotype diversity in the ascochyta blight pathogen of chickpea (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 97 (1998), S. 299-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Ascochyta blight of chickpea ; Resistance breeding ; DNA fingerprinting ; Pathogen variability ; Phylogeny
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The poor definition of variation in the ascochyta blight fungus (Ascochyta rabiei) has historically hindered breeding for resistance to the chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) blight disease in West Asia and North Africa. We have employed 14 RAPD markers and an oligonucleotide probe complementary to the microsatellite sequence (GATA)4 to construct a genotype-specific DNA fragment profile from periodically sampled Syrian field isolates of this fungus. By using conventional pathogenicity tests and genome analysis with RAPD and microsatellite markers, we demonstrated that the DNA markers distinguish variability within and among the major pathotypes of A. rabiei and resolved each pathotypes into several genotypes. The genetic diversity estimate based on DNA marker analysis within pathotypes was highest for the least-aggressive pathotype (pathotype I), followed by the aggressive (pathotype II) and the most-aggressive pathotype (pathotype III). The pair-wise genetic distance estimated for all the isolates varied from 0.00 to 0.39, indicating a range from a clonal to a diverse relationship. On the basis of genome analysis, and information on the spatial and temporal distribution of the pathogen, a general picture of A. rabiei evolution in Syria is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050899
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization and mapping of sequence-tagged microsatellite sites in the chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genome (1999)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 262 (1999), S. 90-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key words Chickpea ; Sequence-tagged microsatellite markers ; Primer sequences ; Genome mapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A size-selected genomic library comprising 280,000 colonies and representing ≈18% of the chickpea genome, was screened for (GA)n, (GAA)n and (TAA)n microsatellite-containing clones, of which 389 were sequenced. The majority (∼75%) contained perfect repeats; interrupted, interrupted compound and compound repeats were only present in 6%–9% of cases. (TAA)-microsatellites contained the longest repeats, with unit numbers from 9 to 131. For 218 loci primers could be designed and used for the detection of microsatellite length polymorphisms in six chickpea breeding cultivars, as well as in C. reticulatum and C. echinospermum, wild, intercrossable relatives of chickpea. A total of 174 primer pairs gave interpretable banding patterns, 137 (79%) of which revealed at least two alleles on native polyacrylamide gels. A total of 120 sequence-tagged microsatellite site (STMS) markers were genetically mapped in 90 recombinant inbred lines from an inter-species cross between C. reticulatum and the chickpea cultivar ICC 4958. Markers could be arranged in 11 linkage groups (at a LOD score of 4) covering 613 cM. Clustering as well as random distribution of loci was observed. Segregation of 46 markers (39%) deviated significantly (P ≥ 0.05) from the expected 1:1 ratio. The majority of these loci (73%) were located in three distinct regions of the genome. The present STMS marker map represents the most advanced co-dominant DNA marker map of the chickpea genome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004380051063
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allelic variation at (TAA)n microsatellite loci in a world collection of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) germplasm (1999)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 261 (1999), S. 354-363 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key words Microsatellite polymorphism ; Mutation mechanisms ; Replication slippage ; Infinite allele model ; Stepwise mutation model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A set of 12 randomly selected (TAA)n microsatellite loci of the cultivated chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) were screened in a worldwide sample comprising 72 landraces, four improved cultivars and two wild species of the primary gene pool (C. reticulatum and C. echinosperum) to determine the level and pattern of polymorphism in these populations. A single fragment was amplified from all the accessions with each of 12 sequence-tagged microsatellite site markers, except for one locus where no fragment was obtained from either of the two wild species. There was a high degree of intraspecific polymorphism at these microsatellite loci, although isozymes, conventional RFLPs and RAPDs show very little or no polymorphism. Overall, the repeat number at a locus (excluding null alleles) ranged from 7 to 42. The average number of alleles per locus was 14.1 and the average genetic diversity was 0.86. Based on the estimates obtained, 11 out of the 12 frequency distributions of alleles at the loci tested can be considered to be non-normal. A significant positive correlation between the average number of repeats (size of the locus) and the amount of variation was observed, indicating that replication slippage may be the molecular mechanism involved in generation of variability at the loci. A comparison between the infinite allele and stepwise mutation models revealed that for 11 out of the 12 loci the number of alleles observed fell in between the values predicted by the two models. Phylogenetic analysis of microsatellite polymorphism in C. arietinum showed no relationship between accession and geographic origin, which is compatible with the recent expansion of this crop throughout the world.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004380050976
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