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  • 1
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: total parenteral nutrition ; fatty acid pattern ; essential fatty acid deficiency ; fat emulsion ; total gastrectomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To examine changes in fatty acid composition of serum lipids, sixteen patients with gastric cancer were maintained on total parenteral nutrition (TPN) or intravenous feeding immediately after total gastrectomy. Subjects receiving no fat showed decreases in linoleic acid, linolenic acid and arachidonic acid and increases in palmitoleic acid and oleic acid, whereas those receiving fat emulsion showed no detectable changes. Decrease in the linoleic acid content was greater in subjects on a higher carbohydrate intake, but less in those on a higher fat intake. Multiple regression analysis of the relationships among carbohydrate intake (X1) and fat intake (X2) and changes in the linoelic acid percentage of total serum fatty acids (Y) in each case yielded an equation: Y=−4.75 X1+69.0 X2−27.9 (R=0.885, p〈0.05). Approximately 1 g/kg/day of fat provided in 40–50 kcal/kg/day of nonprotein energy intake was estimated to prevent decrease in the linoleic acid content in the serum fatty acid pattern during the postoperative catabolic stage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: renal failure ; acute pancreatitis ; ascitic fluid ; nephrotoxic substance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Renal failure occurring in dogs during experimental acute pancreatitis and the effect on renal function of intravenous injections of ascitic fluid which accumulated during the acute pancreatitis were studied. Five hours after the induction of acute pancreatitis, the accumulation of 200 to 400 ml of ascitic fluid, and an elevation in hematocrit as well as a decreased mean arterial pressure were observed, which suggested hypovolemia due to plasma loss. At the same time, the renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate, and urinary output decreased significantly. Hypovolemia was observed to be the main cause of renal failure in accordance with previous reports. When the sterile ascitic fluid was injected into healthy dogs, temporary hypotension was observed without changes in the hematocrit. However, the renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate and urinary output decreased, together with an elevation in renal vascular resistance, even after the hypotension had returned to normal. This study shows that renal failure associated with acute pancreatitis occurred mainly as a direct result of hypovolemia but also that the sterile ascitic fluid contained nephrotoxic substances which were suspected to be unrelated to vasoactive substances or protease. Their removal is therefore necessary for the treatment and prevention of renal failure complicating acute pancreatitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: nonfunctioning islet cell carcinoma ; gastric varices ; splenomegaly
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This is a report of a 63-year-old Japanese woman with a nonfunctioning islet cell carcinoma of the pancreas presenting bleeding gastric varices and splenomegaly. These manifestations are extremely rare in patients with nonfunctioning islet cell tumor. The tumor originated in the tail of the pancreas and grew mainly within the spleen. The gastric varices due to increased blood flow to the tumor and arteriovenous fistuals within the tumor were confirmed by angiography and operation. The tumor was resected and she is in a good health for 14-months after the operation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgery today 20 (1990), S. 418-423 
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: pancreatic fistula ; pancreatic exocrine secretion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Various cannulae have been devised to serve in experiments for collecting pancreatic juice. In this study we created a pancreatic fistula in dogs through a modification of Herrera's method. Since it is advisable to make as small a duodenal pouch as possible to collect almost all the secreted pancreatic juice, both ends of the pouch were closed by an inverted continuous all-layer suture. The lateral flange of the cannula was then introduced into the pouch to sample the pancreatic juice. Duodenoduodenostomy was performed to restore continuity of the alimentary tract, and the other end was inserted into the duodenum 3 cm distal to the anastomosis on the anal side. The exocrine pancreatic secretion of these dogs responded well to food ingestion, with a peak level of 14.5±5.4 ml/15 min appearing after 30 to 45 min in a postprandial state. Moreover, the animals were able to survive and be utilized for experiments for a period of 3 to 5 months. This experimental model is therefore considered to be of great value for the investigation of exocrine pancreatic secretion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: estrogen receptor ; carbohydrate antigen ; breast cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An investigation carried out on 100 cases of primary breast cancer, both clinicopathologically and immunohistologically, revealed estrogen receptor (ER)-positive cases to be found significantly more often in early stage cancer than advanced stage cancer. On the other hand, ER negative cases were found to have a greater incidence of high-grade lymph node metastasis and were seen significantly more frequently in large tumors. Span-1, CA19-9, and SLEX antigens were detected in 33 per cent, 38 per cent, and 64 per cent of the total cases, respectively and the ratio of ER negative cases was significantly higher in each antigen positive group. Irrespective of the presence or absence of lymph node metastasis, ER negative cases were found significantly more often in antigen-positive groups than in their counterparts and tumor size tended to be greater in the antigen-positive cases. The results of this study thus indicated that the disease progression in breast cancer appears to be correlated with ER status and carbohydrate antigen expression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: pancreatic carcinoma ; histochemical finding ; mucoid substances
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study was undertaken in order to histochemically investigate the mucoid substances (acid mucopolysaccharide and sialic acid) in experimental and human pancreatic carcinoma. The degree of alcian blue staining in the ductal and interstitial portions of the pancreas increased, especially in hamster tubular adenocarcinoma which had been induced by N-nitrobis (2-hydroxypropyl) amine. The pancreatic carcinoma of the rats, induced by di-methyl benz (α) anthracene, was usually poorly differentiated carcinoma, in which alcian blue and toluidine blue staining was high in the interstitial portion when compared with that of the hamster pancreatic carcinoma, which was usually well differentiated. The rates of enzyme digestion of acid mucopolysaccharide and sialic acid showed more prominently in the rat pancreatic carcinoma than in the hamster pancreatic carcinoma. Mucoid substances in the ductal portion of human pancreatic carcinoma revealed properties similar to those of hamster pancreatic carcinoma whereas those in the interstitial portion were similar to those of rat pancreatic carcinoma. These results suggested that mucoid substances, especially acid mucopolysaccharide, both in experimental and human pancreatic carcinomas, may play an important role in tumor growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: gastric cancer ; acid polysaccharides ; sialic acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract One hundred and twenty-one patients with gastric cancer of Borrman IV (type 4) were classified into two types according to the macroscopic appearance of their tumors, namely, those tumors with giant folds (type G, n=84) and those without giant folds (type P, n=37). A large percentage of the cases in both type groups had advanced stage carcinoma. Type G was found to be predominant in young women and the incidence of high-grade lymph node metastasis was higher in type G than in type P. Histochemically, it was shown that the tumor interstitium of type G contained obviously many more acid mucopolysaccharides (AMPS) than the localized Borrman II (type 2) gastric cancer, which was used as a control. The results of enzymatic digestion tests suggested that the amounts of hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, and sialic acid were greater in type G than in type P or the localized type, the differences involved being marked between type G and the localized type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La définition du cancer précoce de l'estomac qui a été proposée par la Société d'endoscopie gastroentérologique du Japon en 1962 est la suivante: infiltration cellulaire néoplasique limitée à la muqueuse et à la sous muqueuse sans tenir compte de la présence de metastases ou du volume de la tumeur. Le nombre de cancers gastriques précoces atteignit 183 lésions pour 174 cas opérés pendant la période s'étendant de 1967 à 1979 dans notre service. Le propos de cet article est de faire part de notre expérience basée sur l'interprétation des constatations cliniques et pathologiques.
    Notes: Abstract Clinicopathological data obtained in 174 cases of early gastric carcinoma were reviewed. They covered 183 lesions composed of 88 intramucosal lesions (m) and 95 submucosal lesions (sm). Of the 183 lesions, 46 (25.2%) were of a protruded or an elevated type, and 135 (73.7%) of a depressed or an excavated type, while 2 were of a flat type. Thus, the depressed type (IIc) was predominant. Furthermore, of the 183 lesions, about 58% developed in the middle part (M) of the stomach, about 40% in the lower part (A), and slightly over 2% in the upper part (C). Histologically papillary adenocarcinomas were of the protruded or elevated type and about 86% of poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas came under the depressed or excavated type. No metastasis occurred in any type when cancer cells remained within the mucosa. When cancer cells invaded the submucosa, the incidence of metastasis was 23/ 174 (13.2%) in early gastric cancer, and was somewhat higher in IIa + IIc type cancer. Lymph node metastases were noted in the primary (n1)or second (n2)group but not in the third group. These results suggest that resection of early gastric cancer should be coupled with cleaning the lymph nodes in the first 2 groups as a rule. The 5-year survival rate in our patients was 98%. Early gastric carcinoma was classified histologically and its possible relation to intestinal metaplasia in the perifocal mucosa was sought by the Tes-tape method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les données cliniques et histologiques d'une série de 486 patients présentant un cancer gastrique du début (early gastric cancer) ont été analysées en soulignant l'état des ganglions lymphatiques régionaux. L'incidence d'envahissement ganglionnaire a été de 15.8% (19/120) chez les patients ayant un cancer végétant, et de 11.7% (42/360) chez les patients ayant un cancer muco-érosif. L'envahissement a été particulièrement fréquent en cas de cancer de types IIa et IIc des premiers. L'incidence de l'envahissement a été plus élevée lorsque le diamètre de la tumeur était supérieur à 30 mm par rapport aux tumeurs dont le diamètre était égal ou inférieur à 30 mm. Lorsque le diamètre de la tumeur était égal ou supérieur à 50 mm, le taux de lésions métastatiques était de 25% (16/64). Lorsque le diamètre était inférieur à 10 mm (46 cas), seulement un patient avait des métastases aux ganglions lymphatiques du groupe 1. Parmi les patients avec un cancer de la muqueuse, 4 avaient des métastases aux ganglions lymphatiques du groupe 1. Des métastases aux ganglions lymphatiques du groupe 2 sans métastases aux ganglions du groupe 1 ont été trouvées dans 4 cas. En se basant sur ces données, nous pensons que l'intervention standard pour ce type de cancer devrait être une gastrectomie subtotale avec exérèse des ler et 2ème relais ganglionnaires. Une gastrectomie parteille, avec ou sans résection locale (ler relais lymphatique) est suffisante pour les lésions de la muqueuse dont le diamètre ne dépasse pas 10 mm.
    Abstract: Resumen Se realizó una revisión clínico patológica de nuestra serie de pacientes (n=486) con cáncer gástrico precoz (temprano) con especial referencia a las metástasis a los ganglios linfáticos regionales. La incidencia de metastásis ganglionares fue de 15.8% (19/120) en pacientes con el carcinoma de tipo protuberante y de 11.7% (42/360) en pacientes con el tipo deprimido. Apareció especialmente alta en los carcinomas de los tipos IIa y IIc del grupo anterior. La incidencia de invasión ganglionar fue mayor en el grupo con los tumores más grandes (〉30 mm) que en el grupo con los tumores más pequeños (≤30 mm). Se detectaron lesiones metastásicas hasta en 25% (16/64) de los pacientes con tumores grandes (≥50 mm). Sinembargo, de los 46 pacientes con tumores pequeños (〈10 mm) uno presentó metástasis a los ganglios del grupo 1. Hubo 4 casos con cáncer-m (que invade sólo la capa mucosa) y metástasis a los ganglios del grupo 1. Metástasis saltadas a los ganglios del grupo 2 fue evidente en 4 casos. Con base en estos resultados nosotros creemos que la operación estandar para cáncer gástrico precoz (temprano) es la gastrectomía R2 que incluye la remoción completa de los ganglios de los grupos 1 y 2. La gastrectomía R1, o resectión local, parece ser suficiente para cáncer-m con una lesión de menos de 10 mm en su diámetro máximo.
    Notes: Abstract The clinicopathology of our series of patients (n=486) with early gastric cancer was reviewed with special reference to metastasis to the regional lymph nodes. The incidence of lymph node metastasis was 15.8% (19/120) in patients with the protruded type of carcinoma and 11.7% (42/360) in patients with the depressed type of carcinoma. It was especially high in carcinomas of the IIa + IIc type of the former group. The incidence of lymph node involvement was higher in the group with larger tumors (〉30 mm) than in the group with smaller tumors (≤30 mm). Metastatic lesions were detected in as many as 25.0% (16/64) of the cases with large tumors (≥50 mm); however, of the 46 cases with small tumors (〈10 mm), 1 case had metastases to the nodes of group 1. There were 4 cases of m-cancer with metastasis to group 1 lymph nodes. Skip metastasis to group 2 lymph nodes was discovered in 4 cases. From these results, we feel that the standard operation for early gastric cancer is R2-gastrectomy including the complete removal of group 1 and 2 lymph nodes. R1-gastrectomy or local resection is thought to be sufficient for m-cancer with a lesion smaller than 10 mm in maximum diameter.
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