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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regional Changes in the Cellular Level of Adenine Nucleotides in Ischemic Rat Brain Subjected to Single Embolization (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 51 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Regional changes in adenine nucleotides in the rat brain were studied after 1 h of ischemia produced by the embolization method. The animals were divided into three groups according to neurological symptoms: sham-operation group, group A (hemiparesis only), and group B (he-miparesis with unconsciousness). Marked ATP depletion was detected in the hippocampus on the embolized side and extended to the other regions on the same side in group B. The results suggest that this damage in regional energy metabolism arises from regional reduction in blood flow and/or tissue vulnerability. ATP levels in the hypothalamus, hippocampus, and striatum on the opposite side of embolization decreased markedly in group B, and may be caused by extension of brain edema or diaschisis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1988.tb04847.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    β-Alaninuria in Patients with Tuberculosis (1968)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 217 (1968), S. 365-366 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Early morning urine was collected and a sample containing 1 mg of creatinine was evaporated in a vacuum desiccator over sulphuric acid and potassium hydroxide. One tenth of the solution of the residue was subjected to paper electrophoresis at a voltage gradient of 100 V/cm for 30 min at pH. 3.4 ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/217365a0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new model of brainstem ischemia by embolization technique in cats (1991)
    Springer
    Neurosurgical review 14 (1991), S. 221-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-2320
    Keywords: Basilar artery ; brainstem ischemia ; cat ; embolization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An experimental model of brainstem ischemia was developed by embolization technique with cylindrical silicone rubber emboli in cats. The embolus reached the basilar artery in 55 cats (58.5%) and stopped in the upper basilar artery (UB) in 32, the middle basilar artery (MB) in 22 and the lower basilar artery (LB) in one animal. When the basilar artery distal to the embolus was not visualized (type 1) by postoperative vertebral angiogram. Evans blue extravasation was observed in the brainstem caudal to the embolus. When only a filling defect of the basilar artery at the site of the embolus was noted (type 2), dye extravazation was observed in the brainstem around the site of the embolus. In UB type 1, the regional cerebral blood flow of pons and medulla oblongata decreased immediately after embolization, and six hours after embolization it was 11.4±5.7 (pons) and 11.7±4.6 ml/100 g/min (medulla oblongata). In UB type 1 and MB type 1 animals, coma, apnea, tetraplegia, and disturbance of swallowing were noted. These animals died within 50 hours after embolization. Animals of UB type 2 and MB type 2 showed neurological deficits, but survived for three days. This paper discusses this method of producing experimental brainstem ischemia, the sites of ischemic lesions, and clinicopathological findings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00310662
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cavernous sinus meningioma presenting as orbital apex syndrome. Diagnostic methods of dynamic MRI, spoiled GRASS (SPGR) image (1995)
    Springer
    Neurosurgical review 18 (1995), S. 277-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-2320
    Keywords: Cavernous sinus tumor ; dynamic MRI ; meningioma ; MRI ; spoiled GRASS (SPGR) image
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Orbital apex syndrome is a symptomatologic complex. In this paper, the usefulness of several clinical diagnostic MR methods in preparing for surgery is discussed. These include dynamic MRI and the spoiled GRASS (SPGR) image for a cavernous sinus meningioma presenting with orbital apex syndrome. A 53 year old man, who had right cavernous sinus tumor presenting with orbital apex syndrome, was examined by several new MRI techniques. The tumor was partially removed and fibroblastic meningioma was confirmed pathologically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00383881
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vasospasm after traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage: Transcranial Doppler evaluation. Case report (1991)
    Springer
    Neurosurgical review 14 (1991), S. 321-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-2320
    Keywords: Transcranial Doppler ; traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage ; vasospasm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A case of vasospasm after traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is reported here. Transcranial Doppler Sonography (TCD) was used to evaluate mean flow velocity (MFV) changes of the basal cerebral arteries related to vasospasm. Accelleration of MFV of the right middle cerebral artery (MCA) indicating vasospasm was first noted on TCD evaluation, and then proved by carotid angiography (CAG). Evaluation of all TCD results revealed that the process of relaxation or normalization of the spastic artery started from the proximal side of the basal intracranial artery and gradually moving to the distal side. This interesting phenomenon could be a common process found in vasospasm cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00383273
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Demonstration of the venous systems with Gadolinium-enhanced three-dimensional phase-contrast MR venography (1995)
    Springer
    Neurosurgical review 18 (1995), S. 101-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-2320
    Keywords: Gadolinium-enhanced MRA ; MRA ; MR venography ; phase-contrast (PC) MRA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness and advantages of gadolinium-enhanced three-dimensional phase-contrast MR venography for demonstrating the venous systems. The three-dimensional phase-contrast MR venography was performed with a velocity encoding gradient settings from 5 to 20 cm/s on 22 normal subjects. In 8 of normal subjects, gadolinium-enhanced phase-contrast MR venography was performed. 22 subjects (100%) had detectable flow in the sphenoparietal sinus, transverse sinus, basal vein, and internal cerebral vein. With a VENC setting at 10 cm/s, venous system was visualized selectively and clearly. Detection ratio in inferior petrosal sinus, superior petrosal sinus, and superior ophthalmic vein increased from 0% to 25%, from 28.6% to 62.5%, and from 28.6% to 37.5%, respectively, after administration of gadopentate dimeglumine. In conclusion, gadolinium-enhanced three-dimensional phase-contrast MR venography was useful for demonstrating the venous systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00417666
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diagnosis of carotid-cavernous fistulas with magnetic resonance angiography—demonstrating the draining veins utilizing 3-D time-of-flight and 3-D phase-contrast techniques (1996)
    Springer
    Neurosurgical review 19 (1996), S. 7-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-2320
    Keywords: Arteriovenous malformation ; carotid-cavernous fistuaa ; phase-contrast magnetic resonance angiography ; time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study assessed the ability to diagnose carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCFs) non-invasively using magnetic resonance angiogrphy (MRA). Both three-dimensional time-of-flight (3-D TOF) MRA and three-dimensional phase-contrast (3-D PC) MRA were compared with conventional cerebral angiography in nine patients with CCFs. CCFs were grouped according to Barrow's classification. In all cases, 3-D TOF MRA revealed an inferior petrosal sinus as a draining vein. 3-D PC MRA demonstrated a dilated and tortuous superior ophthalmic vein (SOV) and reflux of the SOV in seven patients. In conclusion, CCFs can be diagnosed with MRA alone by demonstrating the drainging veins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00346602
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Incidence of intracranial aneurysm associated with pituitary adenoma (1997)
    Springer
    Neurosurgical review 20 (1997), S. 13-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-2320
    Keywords: Aneurym ; association ; incidence ; pituitary adenoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The incidence of in tracranial aneurysm associated with pituitary adenoma is not definitely established although reported higher than in general population. This study was designed to find the existence of such association in a large series of pituitary adenoma cases. A retrospective study of 467 cases of pituitary adenoma (mean age: 41 ± 15 years) was done. All patients underwent cerebral angiography at least of anterior circulation, detailed hormonal study, and 155 cases had additional magnetic resonance (MR) angiography. Twenty-five cases (5.4%) of pituitary adenoma (mean age 52 years) had intracranial aneurysm, 97% on anterior circulation, and 12% had multiple aneurysms. Two cases presented with aneurysmal rupture and the rest were incidental. Aneurysm was more frequently seen with increasing age (p 〈 0.001) and the age distribution resembled that of aneurysm among general population. Although the combination was most frequent among nonfuctioning adenoma (8.8%), and least frequent among prolactinoma (2.4%), this association was again due to age factor. There was no association between hormone secretion, size and invasive nature of the tumor. The results showed no association between intracranial aneurysm and pituitary adenoma. Our speculation is that such occurrence is merely a chance factor and the risk is no greater than that among general population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01390519
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Usefulness of two-dimensional time-of-flight MR angiography combined with surface anatomy scanning for convexity lesions (1997)
    Springer
    Neurosurgical review 20 (1997), S. 108-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-2320
    Keywords: Convexity lesion ; surface anatomy scanning ; time-of-flight ; usefulness
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Thirty-eight patients with convexity lesions were studied prospectively with the two-dimensional time-of-flight (2D-TOF) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) method. Of these 21 cases had additional surface anatomy scanning (SAS) and 7 cases had three-dimensional phase contrast (3D-PC) MRA. The findings were compared during surgery, and the predictability of 2D-TOF evaluated. 2D-TOF was obtained with 2 mm slice thickness after the administration of contrast media for routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Cortical veins were visualized with a good resolution with a scan time of only 5 minutes. The tumor was also visible in the background, due to enhancement, and thus the tumor-vessels relation was shown. Slow-flow vessels were also adequately seen. SAS was done at the same sitting with fast spin echo (FSE) with a scan time of 3 minutes. Once both images were incorporated, information on gyri and their relation to the lesions and vasculature could be obtained from a single image. We found 2D-TOF alone, or at times in combination with SAS, useful for planning of operation for convexity lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01138193
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brain metastasis of Merkel cell carcinoma (1999)
    Springer
    Neurosurgical review 22 (1999), S. 54-57 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-2320
    Keywords: Key words Brain tumor ; Merkel cell carcinoma ; Metastasis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare primary cutaneous neuroendocrine tumor that is locally aggressive and has potential for metastatic spread. However, brain metastases are rare, and therapy for such tumors has never reported. The authors present a 48-year-old woman with MCC of the left elbow and a right cerebellar metastasis. After the right cerebellar mass was totally resected, radiation treatment and chemotherapy were performed. Eight cases of brain metastasis have been reported in the literature, but only 5 have been presented in sufficient detail for analysis. Therapy for brain metastases has always been palliative whole-brain irradiation and chemotherapy except for our patient, who underwent total removal of the tumor and survived for 11 months without neurological deficit. Except in the case of 1 with a particularly radiosensitive MCC, the patients with brain metastases died within 9 months after detection of the brain lesions. If possible, aggressive excision of brain metastases as well as of the primary lesion should be done.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101430050010
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