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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of Cuticle in Spoilage of Chicken Eggs (1970)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 35 (1970), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: SUMMARY: The role of cuticle (mucoprotein layer on the egg shell) in preventing spoilage of eggs by microorganisms was studied. Eggs collected from the uterus or eggs treated with 5% EDTA solution to remove cuticle spoiled at a much faster rate than the normally laid eggs. The weight of the egg shell and its membranes did not affect the spoilage of eggs collected from the uterus. The protection provided by the cuticle was found to last at least up to 96 hr after the eggs are laid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1970.tb12354.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infection Routes of Bacteria into Chicken Eggs (1970)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 35 (1970), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: SUMMARY: The area most prone to infection and consequent spoilage of eggs was identified. Different areas of the egg were coated with paraffin wax. The waxed eggs were exposed to infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and spoilage studied by ultraviolet light candling. The blunt end was found to be most vulnerable followed by the equitorial region and the small end.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1970.tb12368.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MECHANISM OF EGG WHITE RESISTANCE TO BACTERIAL GROWTH (1977)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 42 (1977), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This study was designed to probe into the mechanism of egg white (EW) resistance to bacterial growth. The ability of Pseudomonas, Escherichia and Salmonella species to grow in EW was examined before and after a number of different treatments. Dilution with water, aging of eggs at room temperature, sonication, digestion with papain and compounding with ovomucin, iron, yolk and glucose rendered EW suitable to bacterial growth. Thick EW was a better medium than thin EW for bacterial growth. Dehydration of fresh EW increased its resistance to the growth of Salmonella strains. It was concluded that the physical structure of EW (proteins) determined its resistance to bacterial growth, besides its apparent lacking in available water and nutrients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1977.tb01227.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EFFECTS OF PROTEOLYTIC ENZYMES ON THE FUNCTIONALITY OF CHICKEN EGG ALBUMEN (1974)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 39 (1974), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Albumen from eggs of a strain of White Leghorn hens was treated with various proteolytic enzymes (papain, ficin, protease, bromelin and trypsin) for 18 hr at 34°C. Following enzyme treatment the nonprotein nitrogen, measured as moles of tyrosine released per minute, was found to range from 1.1 × to 10-3 4.8 × 10-3. All treatments were found to cause some changes in the electrophoretic behavior of albumen. The pH of enzyme-treated albumen ranged from 6.2 (protease) to 8.4 (trypsin). Enzymatic treatment of albumen, with the exception of papain, improved angel food cake volumes from 3 .9%). In gcneral, enzyme-treated albumen showed a 6–16% increase in foam volume; however, the foam stability was inferior compared to the control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1974.tb17991.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Cause of Discoloration of Hard Cooked Egg Rolls (1969)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 34 (1969), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: SUMMARY: The brownish discoloration of coagulated albumen in hard cooked egg rolls by ultraviolet (UV) radiation involves the splitting and conformation changes of the peptide chain as suggested by an increase in the amount of nonprotein nitrogen and aromatic amino acids. The presence of water was essential in the development of discoloration, indicating that hydroperoxides and/or peroxides produced from water by the action of UV radiation could cause oxidation of tryptophan. The oxidative type of reaction was confirmed by the development of a similar brown color when coagulated albumen was heated in the presence of oxidizing agents. The discoloration could be prevented by reducing agents, however, once the color has been developed the agents become ineffective. Therefore, a two step mechanism was suggested for the UV discoloration of coagulated albumen: first, the peptide chain is hydrolyzed resulting in an increase in the amount of tryptophan available; second, the tryptophan molecule is oxidized producing a brown color.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1969.tb12795.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MECHANISM OF BACTERIAL PENETRATION THROUGH THE EGGS OF Gallus gallus. 2. Effect of Penetration and Growth on Permeability of Inner Shell Membrane (1971)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 36 (1971), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: SUMMARY— The mechanism of penetration of bacteria into the eggs of domestic fowl (Gallus gallus) was investigated by determining the changes in permeability of the inner shell membranes (i.s.m.) to radioactive amino acids and viable Salmonella typhimurium LT2 cells after bacteria had penetrated the i.s.m. It was found that penetration and growth of bacteria in eggs did not cause any significant changes in the permeability of the i.s.m. for up to 8 days of incubation after expos-sure to spoilage. Bacteria, however, were found to penetrate the exterior structures within 36 hr after exposure. These results indicate that the actual penetration of bacteria through the i.s.m. does not permanently alter its permeability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1971.tb06405.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EFFECT OF CERTAIN PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL TREATMENTS ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE OF EGG YOLK (1972)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 37 (1972), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1972.tb03702.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EFFECT OF pH ON THE QUALITY OF CHICKEN FRANKFURTERS (1970)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 35 (1970), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Chicken frankfurters were made with chicken meat adjusted to pH levels from 4.6 to 8.6. Finished frankfurters were tested subjectively for tenderness, juiciness, flavor and preference by an experienced taste panel. These were subjectively tested for compression values by Kramer shear press and for punch and deformation values by Instron. Results indicated that at normal pH (6.1) the chicken frankfurters were the most firm. Below pH 6.1 they rapidly became more tender, because of the instability of the emulsion. Above pH 6.1, they gradually became more tender, due to lower moisture loss. Juiciness was little affected by pH, except at pH 5.6, which produced a drier sample.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1970.tb04846.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EFFECT OF SOME PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL TREATMENTS ON THE BINDING QUALITY OF POULTRY LOAVES (1970)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 35 (1970), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: SUMMARY— The effect of several physical and chemical treatments on the binding of poultry meat pieces was studied. Both NaCl, Ken a FP-28 (sodium tripolyphosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate and sodium acid pyrophosphatel and hexametaphosphate were found to enhance binding. Kena increased binding more than hexametaphosphate. When combining Natl and Kena, there was a significant additive effect. Mechanical beating of meat released the intracellular content of broken muscle cells and caused a significant increase in binding. Alternate freezing and thawing with removal of intracellular material (drip) significantly decreased binding of meat. However, single freezing treatments with no drip loss did not differ significantly from the control (no freezing). Drip was shown to have binding properties. The amount of binding between meat pieces was increased with poultry meat emulsion and albumen. Poultry meat emulsion increased binding more than albumen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1970.tb00952.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in the Ultrastructure of Egg Yolk by the Growth of Streptococcus faecalis var liquefaciens (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 47 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The growth of Streptococcus faecalis var liquefaciens caused the separation of egg yolk into upper and lower layers. Ultrastructure studies using transmission election microscopy showed that the upper layer was mostly low density fraction (LDF) with few electron dense particles. In contrast, the lower layer was mostly high density fraction (HDF). The separation factor caused aggregation of the HDF and openness of the structure of the matrix. The extent of incubation had a pronounced effect on the ultrastructure. Freeze-thaw treatment produced greater aggregation of HDF and more disruption of the LDF matrix, particularly in the lower layer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1982.tb04955.x
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