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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Home care for chronic respiratory failure in children: 15 years experience (2002)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Pediatric anesthesia 12 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Advances in paediatric intensive care have reduced mortality but, unfortunately, one of the consequences is an increase in the number of patients with chronic diseases. It is generally agreed that home care of children requiring ventilatory support improves their outcomes and results in cost saving for the National Health Service. Methods: Since 1985, the Children's Hospital Bambino Gesù of Rome has developed a program of paediatric home care. The program is performed by a committed Home Health Care Team (HHCT) which selects the eligible patients for home care and trains the families to treat their child. During the period January 1985 to January 2001, 53 children with chronic respiratory failure were included in the home care program. Of these, seven patients were successively excluded and six died in our intensive care unit (ICU), while one still lives in our ICU since 1997. The results obtained in the remaining 46 children are reported. Results: The pathologies consisted of disorders of respiratory control related to brain damage (26%), upper airways obstructive disease (26%), spinal muscular atrophy (22%), myopathies and muscular dystrophies (6.5%), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (6.5%), tracheomalacia (6.5%), central hypoventilation syndrome (4.3%) and progressive congenital scoliosis (2.2%). Of these 46 patients, 34 children are mechanically ventilated and the median of their ICU stay was 109.5 days (range 54–214 days), while the remaining 12 children were breathing spontaneously and the median of their ICU stay was 90.5 days (range 61–134 days). We temporarily readmitted six patients to our ICU to perform scheduled otolaryngological surgery, eight patients for acute respiratory infections and two patients for deterioration of their neurological status due to high pressure hydrocephalus for placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt; these 16 patients were discharged back home again. Two other patients were readmitted for deterioration of their chronic disease and died in our ICU, while seven patients died at home. Conclusions: Thirty-seven children are still alive at home and four of them improved their respiratory condition so that it was possible to remove the tracheostomy tube. Our oldest patient has now achieved 15 years of mechanical ventilation at home.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9592.2002.00856.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Generalized -sum rules for the optical constants
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics Letters A 44 (1973), S. 295-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 0375-9601
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0375-9601(73)90928-6
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Discovery of very small asteroids by automated trail detection (1996)
    Springer
    Earth, moon and planets 72 (1996), S. 257-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0794
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Faint trails left by asteroids on CCD frames can be detected at a signal to noise ratio ≤ 1. We propose the use of a suitable algorithm, applicable to both spaceborne and groundbased searches for small bodies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00117526
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAG) excretion in partially obstructed weanling rats (2000)
    Springer
    International urology and nephrology 32 (2000), S. 215-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2584
    Keywords: N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAG) ; Obstructive uropathy ; Weanling rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The understanding of pathophysiology of obstructed uropathy has been facilitated by animal models with partial ureteric obstruction. Some studies on partially obstructed adult rats have drawn attention to a biphasic pattern of obstructive uropathy: an initial `destructive' phase and a `steady' phase in which renal deterioration no longer occurs and in which relief of obstruction would be of no advantage. We aimed to verify if this pattern applies also to younger (weanling) rats with more immature kidneys, resembling those of the human fetus. We measured the NAG-values in the urine samples of partially obstructed animals at different intervals of obstruction and in those of controls. The biphasic pattern proved to be the same as in adult rats as was previously documented, but the turning point occurred earlier (between 10 and 15 days of obstruction). Furthermore, there is evidence of low level values of N-Acetyl-Glucosaminidase (NAG) in the early phase of obstruction (5 days), demonstring that the increase of tubular enzyme is not due to the operation itself. There is evidence that, if the `destructive' phase can be precisely identified by biochemical studies, this could help identifying those subjects who could benefit from relief of obstruction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007135118519
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A linear hyperbolic system and an optimal control problem (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 44 (1984), S. 213-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Linear hyperbolic systems ; Darboux-type conditions ; existence and uniqueness theorems ; continuous dependence theorems ; minimization problems ; existence theorems
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We prove a theorem of existence, uniqueness, and continuous dependence for a linear hyperbolic system with Darboux-type conditions under assumptions on the coefficients, which are in a sense the most general possible. Moreover, an application of this result to an optimal control problem is given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00935437
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The identification of neuroapraxia, axonostenosis and trigger zone in facial nerve pathology (1986)
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 7 (1986), S. 337-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Facial nerve pathology ; electromyography ; entrapment syndromes ; ephaptic transmission
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Nelle indagini EMG della patologia del nervo facciale in 5 pazienti con paralisi di Bell si sono aggiunti ai metodi classici di esame anche la derivazione simultanea dell'attività volontaria e lo studio della risposta M dai muscoli della branca superiore e di quella inferiore del nervo facciale; è stato inoltre effettuato lo studio della R1 sia dal lato paretico che dal lato sano. Tenendo calcolo della lunghezza del canale di Falloppio, della velocità di conduzione del facciale esterno e della differenza di lato di R1-M si è dedotto il punto di assonostenosi del nervo con atrofia assonica. In un caso di SLA con pregressa paralisi di Bell si sono messi in evidenza fenomeni di sprouting collaterale e di trasmissione efaptica.
    Notes: Abstract The classical electromyographic investigations and simultaneous recordings of voluntary activity and M responses from muscles of both the upper and lower branch of the facial nerve were carried out in 5 patients with Bell's palsy. R1 responses were also recorded. All investigations were extended to the healthy side. With the aim of localizing the point of axonostenosis with axonal atrophy we investigated the following parameters: conduction velocity (c.v.) in the fallopian canal, c.v. in the external facial nerve, side difference of R1-M. In one case of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with previous Bell's palsy signs of collateral sprouting and of ephaptic transmission were detected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02340872
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On an optimal control problem for a distributed parameter control process with unbounded coefficients (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 34 (1981), S. 561-577 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Distributed control problems ; minimization problems ; existence theorems
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Let $$\begin{gathered} z_{xy} + A\left( {x,y} \right)z_x + B\left( {x,y} \right)z_y + C\left( {x,y} \right)z = U\left( {x,y} \right), \hfill \\ a.e. in \Delta = ]0,a[ \times ]0,b[, \hfill \\ \end{gathered}$$ be a distributed parameter control process, where the target consists of the boundary data on the two sides of $$\bar \Delta$$ ( $$\bar \Delta$$ is the closure of Δ), which do not contain the origin. For such a process, Pulvirenti and Santagati (Refs. 1–5) have investigated various control and optimal control problems, subject to the following assumption for the coefficients:A,B,C,A x ,B y ∈C°( $$\bar \Delta$$ ). In this paper, the above process is considered under more general assumptions on the coefficients, which now need not be bounded functions. A minimization problem, where the cost is an integral depending on the controls (which are the functionU and the boundary data on the two sides of $$\bar \Delta$$ which contain the origin), is studied. Some existence theorems are established. To this aim, we first prove existence, uniqueness, and continuous dependence on the controls of the response of the process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00935893
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Complete controllability of perturbed linear control systems, revisited (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 68 (1991), S. 359-369 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Linear control systems ; complete controllability ; perturbations ; convergence in measure ; openness ; density
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract LetL 1(I, ∝ n,n )×M(I, ℝ n,m ) be the space of all pairs (A, B), whereA andB are measurable functions from a compact intervalI to ℝ n,n and ℝ n,m , respectively, andA is Lebesgue integrable. Also, let this space be endowed with the topology of theL 1-norm with respect toA and the topology of convergence in measure with respect toB. Then, the set of all pairs (A, B), for which the corresponding linear control system $$(S)\dot x = A(t)x + B(t)u(t),a.e.t \in I,$$ is completely controllable onI, is shown to be open inL 1(I, ℝ n,n )×M(I, ℝ n,m ). It is also proved that, given any (A, B)∈L 1(I, ℝ n,n )×M(I, ℝ n,m ), (S) can be made completely controllable by means of an arbitrarily small perturbation ofB in the L∞-norm. These results are extensions of the analogous ones given by Dauer in the case when alsoB is integrable. Also, it is observed that a well-known complete control-lability criterion due to Conti works in the present case.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00941573
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