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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction between lactoferrin and ovotransferrin and Candida cells (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 33 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The mechanism of antifungal activity of lactoferrin (Lf) and ovotransferrin (OTR) towards Candida albicans and Candida krusei was studied. In low iron-content medium, in minimal medium supplemented by 2,2′-dipyridyl, and in a medium in which Lf or OTR were separated from the culture by a dialysis membrane, the growth of C. albicans and C. krusei was proportional to the endogenous iron. Differences were observed when Lf or OTR was in contact with the fungal cells: C. albicans was inhibited, whereas C. krusei was not. Direct fluorescence indicated binding of Lf and OTR only on C. albicans surfaces, and suggested that antifungal activity is not simply related to iron deprivation, but involves interaction of the protein with the fungal surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1986.tb01285.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of two outer membrane proteins involved in the oxidation of sulphur compounds in Thiobacillus ferrooxidans (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology reviews 11 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6976
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract: Shift of three Thiobacillus ferrooxidans strains from Fe(II) to S0 or thiosulphate liquid medium caused distinctive changes in the outer membrane protein profile. In addition to a new 55-kDa protein which was synthesized only in the presence of sulphur compounds, a higher expression of a 47-kDa protein was observed. This latter protein appeared to be constitutively synthesized, since it was detectable in small amounts even in tile presence of ferrous iron as sole energy source, but its expression was greatly enhanced when elemental sulphur or thiosulphate were present in the growth medium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6976.1993.tb00265.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of poliovirus type 1 infection by iron-, manganese- and zinc-saturated lactoferrin (1999)
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 187 (1999), S. 199-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Keywords: Key words Lactoferrin ; Antiviral activity ; Metal ion complexes ; Poliovirus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In this study we investigated the inhibitory activity of different milk proteins on poliovirus infection in Vero cells. Proteins analyzed were mucin, α-lactalbumin, β-lactoglobulin, and bovine and human lactoferrin. Viral cytopathic effect was not prevented by mucin, α-lactalbumin or β-lactoglobulin, whereas the lactoferrins tested were able to inhibit the replication of poliovirus in a dose-dependent manner. Further experiments were carried out in which apo- and native lactoferrin or lactoferrin fully saturated with ferric, manganese or zinc ions were added to the cells during different phases of viral infection. Results obtained demonstrated that all lactoferrins were able to prevent viral replication when present during the entire cycle of poliovirus infection or during the viral adsorption step. Only zinc lactoferrin strongly inhibited viral infection when incubated with the cells after the viral attachment, being the inhibition directly correlated with the degree of zinc saturation. Our results demonstrated that all lactoferrins interfered with an early phase of poliovirus infection; zinc lactoferrin was the sole compound capable of inhibiting a phase of infection subsequent to virus internalization into the host cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004300050093
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metal complexes of bovine lactoferrin inhibit in vitro replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (1998)
    Springer
    BioMetals 11 (1998), S. 89-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8773
    Keywords: antiviral activity ; lactoferrin ; metal ion complexes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The inhibitory effect of bovine lactoferrin (BLf) saturated with ferric, manganese or zinc ions, on the infection of Vero cells by human herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1) and 2 (HSV2) was investigated. Viral infectivity determined by intracellular antigen synthesis and plaque formation was efficiently inhibited by metal saturated lactoferrins in a dose-dependent manner. Effective BLf concentrations which reduced the infection by 50% ranged from 5.2 to 31 mug ml and were far below the cytotoxicity threshold. Fe BLf and Mn BLf exhibited selectivity indexes higher than Zn BLf and apoBLf for both viruses and the effect was mainly directed towards the early steps of infection. The slight viral inhibition shown by the citrate complexes of the different metals could indicate that the antiviral effect was not significantly influenced by Fe , Mn or Zn ions delivered by BLf into the cells. © Rapid Science 1998
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009217709851
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of lactoferrin on the entry process of Escherichia coli HB101(pRI203) in HeLa cells (1993)
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 182 (1993), S. 25-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Lactoferrin (Lf) is an iron-binding protein which plays an important role in the host defense systems of different mucosal surfaces including the intestinal mucosa. In the present research the role of apo-Lf and iron-saturated Lf in the invasion process of enteroinvasive bacteria, grown in iron stress or excess, was investigated. As enteroinvasive bacterium, Eschericha coli HB101 strain harboring a plasmid which contains the chromosomal inv gene from Yersinia pseudotuberculosis was utilized. The product of this gene (invasin) enables this microorganism to invade human epithelial cultured cells (HeLa). The results obtained showed that apo-Lf and iron-saturated Lf added at physiological concentration during the infection exerted a significant inhibition of adhesion (3.2 × 105 instead 3.4 × 106 adherent bacteria grown in iron excess; 1.6 × 103 instead of 2.3 × 104 adherent bacteria grown in iron-limited medium) and internalization (4.0 × 105 instead of 3.7 × 106 internalized bacteria grown in iron excess; 2.1 × 103 instead 2.8 × 104 internalized bacteria grown in iron-limited medium). It has also been demonstrated that in these experimental conditions Lf binds to HeLa cell membrane as well as to bacterial outer membrane. It is likely that this binding interfere with the early events of interaction between bacteria and eukaryotic cells. This inhibiting effect of Lf on the invasion efficiency of E. coli HB101(pRI203) could be related to the cationic nature of the molecule, although other mechanisms cannot be ruled out.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00195948
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction of lactoferrin with Escherichia coli cells and correlation with antibacterial activity (1990)
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 179 (1990), S. 323-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract It has been established that the antimicrobial activity of lactoferrin towards Escherichia coli is enhanced by a direct contact between the protein and the microbial cell and that, in the case of E. coli K-12 strains, an antibacterial activity of lactoferrin unrelated to iron withdrawal is present. Evidence is now reported that lactoferrin binds to surface structures expressed in E. coli K-12 strains grown in either an “excess” or “stress” of iron. Under the experimental conditions used, lactoferrin binding both in the apo and in the iron-saturated form yields a maximum of 1.6 × 105 bound molecules/E. coli K-12 cell; the amount of lactoferrin bound does not depend on the expression of the iron-regulated outer membrane proteins. In contrast, lactoferrin does not bind to E. coli clinical isolates. Apo-lactoferrin (at 500 μ/ml in a chemically defined medium) inhibits the growth of E. coli K-12 strains but not of clinical isolates. These findings suggest that the antibacterial activity of the protein could be associated to its binding to the cell surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00189610
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lack of activity of transferring towards Streptococcus spp. (1992)
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 181 (1992), S. 351-357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Clinically relevant Streptococcus spp. were tested for their susceptibility towards human serum transferrin (TR) and lactoferrin (LF). Neither clinical isolates or type strains were inhibited by transferrins (5 mg/ml). All species tested were shown to be able to grow under iron-limiting conditions (〈0.1 μM) and this might account for the lack of TR or LF activity towards streptococci. Even if not sensitive to LF and TR, some species were shown to bind LF in the apo-form.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00191547
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metal complexes of lactoferrin and their effect on the intracellular multiplication of Legionella pneumophila (2000)
    Springer
    BioMetals 13 (2000), S. 15-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8773
    Keywords: lactoferrin ; iron ; metals ; Legionella ; invasiveness
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The action of bovine lactoferrin saturated with iron, zinc and manganese on the intracellular multiplication of Legionella pneumophila in HeLa cells has been tested. The results obtained showed that lactoferrin did not influence the invasive efficiency of Legionella. The intracellular multiplication of the bacterium was inhibited by apo-lactoferrin and by lactoferrin saturated with manganese and zinc, whereas lactoferrin saturated with iron enhanced the intracellular growth. Experiments in parallel were performed with iron, manganese and zinc citrate to test the effect due to the metal ions alone. Even in this condition the addition of an iron chelate enhanced the multiplication of Legionella while the manganese chelate produced a certain inhibition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009221616623
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antifungal activity of ovotransferrin towards genus Candida (1985)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 89 (1985), S. 169-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The inhibiting activity of ovotransferrin was tested towards different species belonging to genus Candida. Of one hundred strains tested, only C. krusei showed a noticeable resistance, while the other species appeared to be more sensitive than bacteria to the action of ovotransferrin. The influence of anions, such as bicarbonate and citrate, on the inhibiting activity of ovotransferrin was also investigated. Moreover it was observed that iron saturated ovotransferrin retained its activity, thus suggesting an interaction between the protein and Candida cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00447027
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