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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Urinary tract infection withCorynebacterium urealyticum in South Africa (1993)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 12 (1993), S. 18-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Corynebacterium urealyticum has been well documented as a urinary pathogen in Europe. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence and clinical relevance ofCorynebacterium urealyticum as a urinary pathogen in a predominantly Third World population (South Africa) and to attempt to increase the isolation rate by culturing urine specimens on a selective medium. Two methods were used to isolateCorynebacterium urealyticum from urine specimens. Blood agar plates from routine urine cultures of 7,912 urine specimens were incubated for 48 hours and 1,281 specimens were cultured on a selective medium as well as on routine media. The antimicrobial susceptibility of all isolates ofCorynebacterium urealyticum was tested. The yield ofCorynebacterium urealyticum on blood agar was three isolates in three patients (0.038% of 7,912), all of whom had pyuria, alkaline urine and risk factors forCorynebacterium urealyticum infection. Use of selective media increased the yield ofCorynebacterium urealyticum to 15 of 1,281 specimens (1.17%), however 73% of these urine samples yielded other pathogens and none had an alkaline pH which could not be attributed to the presence of another urealytic pathogen. All isolates were susceptible to vancomycin and 92.6% susceptible to norfloxacin. The pathogenic potential ofCorynebacterium urealyticum was confirmed in South African patients, but the incidence of infection was low. The use of a selective medium is therefore not cost-effective in all cases but could be used selectively on the basis of typical urine findings and patient criteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01997051
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spread of non-typable multiply resistantHaemophilus influenzae in a South African hospital (1990)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 9 (1990), S. 24-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In July 1987 non-typableHaemophilus influenzae strains resistant to both ampicillin and chloramphenicol were isolated from the endotracheal aspirate of two children with pneumonia at Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa. A study was therefore undertaken to determine the carriage rates ofHaemophilus influenzae strains in the nasopharynx of children and staff in the index ward and in three control wards. Using a disc diffusion and an agar dilution method the susceptibility was determined of 100 isolates to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, rifampicin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, gentamicin, cefaclor, cefotaxime, tetracycline, sulphamethoxazole, trimethoprim and trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole (1:19). The overall carriage rate ofHaemophilus influenzae on admission was 76 %. In the index ward, children carrying multiply resistant strains differed from the other children in that there was a longer mean duration of hospitalization, a lower proportion of males, and a higher proportion who had previously received antibiotics. All ampicillin resistant strains were shown to produce beta-lactamase. Only four isolates belonged to serotype b, of which three were ampicillin resistant and chloramphenicol sensitive while one was resistant to both drugs. Nasopharyngeal spread of resistant non-typable strains ofHaemophilus influenzae was demonstrated to affect the management of paediatric patients in the hospital.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01969528
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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