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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 83 (1961), S. 3343-3344 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Tetrahedron Letters 7 (1966), S. 4777-4782 
    ISSN: 0040-4039
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Tetrahedron Letters 7 (1966), S. 211-218 
    ISSN: 0040-4039
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 149 (1971), S. 117-125 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Untersuchung von statistischen äthylen/Propylen-Copolymeren gleicher Bruttozusammensetzung hat gezeigt, daß einige physikalische Eigenschaften in hohem Maße von der intramolekularen Verteilung der Monomer-Einheiten abhängen. Um die Beziehungen zwischen Monomer-Verteilung und Eigenschaften aufzuklären, wurde ein Modell-Copolymeres durch ringöffnende Homopolymerisation von 3-Methylcycloocten und nachfolgende Hydrierung der Doppelbindungen dargestellt. Aufgrund seiner Struktur, kann es als ein Copolymeres, in dem eine Propylen- und drei äthylen-Einheiten sich regelmäßig abwechseln, au gefaßt werden. Einige physikalische, insbesondere thermodynamische Eigenschaften des Modells wurden untersucht und mit denen von statistischen Copolymeren gleicher Bruttozusammensetzung verglichen.
    Notes: Investigation of ethylene/propylene random copolymers of constant overall composition has shown that some physical properties strongly depend on the intramolecular distribution of the monomeric units. In order to elucidate the relationships between monomer distribution and properties, a copolymer model was prepared by ring-opening homopolymerization of 3-methylcyclooctene and successive hydrogenation of the double bonds. Its structure may be considered as that of a copolymer in which one propylene and three ethylene units regularly alternate. Some physical, in particular thermodynamic properties of the model compound were investigated and compared with those of a random copolymer of the same overall composition.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 61 (1963), S. 46-62 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die aus dem systematischen kinetischen Studium der Äthylen-Propylen-Copolymerisation in Anwesenheit von Katalysatoren aus Al(C6H13)3 und VCl4 erhaltenen und schon in einer früheren Arbeit mitgeteilten Ergebnisse werden zunächst kurz zusammengefaßt.Die bemerkenswerte Zunahme der Brutto-Copolymerisationsgeschwindigkeit, die man beobachtet, wenn das Äthylen-Propylen-Verhältnis in der flüssigen Reaktionsmischung zunimmt, kann nicht nur auf Grund der kinetischen Wachstumskonstanten erklärt werden, sondern es ist auch nötig, eine Änderung der Konzentration der wachsenden Ketten anzunehmen. Es werden einige experimentelle Beweise erbracht, die eine solche Annahme unterstützen.Dieses Ergebnis kann nicht auf die Äthylen-Propylen-Copolymerisation in Anwesenheit von anderen, mit anionisch-koordinativem Mechanismus wirkenden Katalysatoren übertragen werden, bei denen das Verhältnis zwischen der Äthylen- und der Propylenhomopolymerisationsgeschwindigkeit sehr nahe bei dem Copolymerisationsparameter des Äthylens liegt.Schließlich wird eine Gleichung vorgeschlagen, die mit guter Näherung den Werten der Brutto-Copolymerisationsgeschwindigkeit in Anwesenheit des Katalysatorsystems Al(C6H13)3 + VCl4 entspricht.
    Notes: The results obtained from a systematic kinetic study of ethylene-propylene copolymerization in the presence of catalysts prepared from Al(C6H13)3 and VCl4, already reported are briefly summarized.The considerable increase of the overall copolymerization rate, observed with the increase of the ratio of ethylene to propylene in the reacting liquid phase, cannot be explained only on the basis of the values of the kinetic constants of propagation, but it is also necessary to admit a variation in the concentration of the number of growing chains. Some experimental evidences are indicated proving this hypothesis.This result cannot be extended to the ethylene-propylene copolymerization in the presence of other catalytic systems acting through an anionic co-ordinated mechanism, for which the ratio between the rates of ethylene and propylene homopolymerization is very close to the value of the reactivity ratio of ethylene.Finally, an equation is proposed which interprets, to a good approximation, the values of the overall rate of the copolymerization process in the presence of the catalytic system Al(C6H13)3 - VCl4.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 51 (1961), S. 429-454 
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The values of the reactivity ratios for ethylene-propylene and ethylene-1-butene copolymerization, described in previous papers, and the distribution of monomer units in different length sequences are discussed. In this paper the kinetics of ethylene-propylene copolymerization in the presence of catalysts prepared from trialkylaluminum and vanadium tetrachloride is studied. Having adopted the conditions leading to the formation of catalysts having an activity independent of time, we were able to determine that the copolymerization rate is first order with respect to the catalyst concentration and to the sum of the concentrations of the two monomers. With the total concentration of the monomers constant, the copolymerization rate increases very rapidly as the ethylene concentration increases. The activation energies of the four chain growth reactions of the copolymerization proved to be practically equal.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 54 (1962), S. 95-101 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Copolymerisation von äthylen mit Cyclopenten oder Cyclohexen in Gegenwart von Katalysatorsystemen mit anionisch-koordiniertem Polymerisationsmechanismus wird beschrieben. Im Fall des Cyclopentens ist es möglich gewesen, kristalline alternierende Copolymere mit sterisch geordneter Struktur zu erhalten, und zwar sowohl mittels Katalysatorsystemen, die in heterogener, als auch mittels solcher, die in homogener Phase wirken. Die Struktur der Polymerketten und die Eigenschaften dieser kristallinen Polymeren werden beschrieben. Die Tatsache, daß die äthylen-Cyclopenten-Copolymeren sehr viel reicher an Cycloolefin-Einheiten sind als diejenigen des äthylens mit Cyclohexen, wird auf Phänomene sterischer Hinderung zurückgeführt.
    Notes: The copolymerization of ethylene with cyclopentene and with cyclohexene in the presence of catalytic systems acting through an anionic co-ordinated polymerization mechanism is described. In the case of cyclopentene it was possible to obtain crystalline alternating copolymers with stereoregular structure using either catalytic systems acting in the heterogeneous phase or those acting in the homogeneous phase. The structure of the polymeric chains and the properties of these new polymers are described. The fact that the ethylene-cyclopentene copolymers are much more rich in cycloolefin units than the corresponding ethylene-cyclohexene copolymers is attributed to phenomena of steric hindrance.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: General Papers 3 (1965), S. 1-10 
    ISSN: 0449-2951
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The necessity is pointed out to distinguish between an “amorphous” α-olefin polymer and an “atactic” α-olefin polymer. It is convenient to limit the term “atactic” only to those amorphous linear regularly head-to-tail polymers which possess the same chemical regularity as the corresponding tactic polymers, from which they differ only for the lack of steric regularity. A clear interpretation is given of the presence of bands at 1155 and 915 cm.-1 in the IR spectra of isotactic and atactic polypropylenes. The presence of these bands is due to the monomeric unit, with a regular head-to-tail arrangement. The absence of these bands in the propylene polymers obtained with the aid of cationic-type catalysts depends on the presence of a very small content of monomeric units of this type. Finally the conclusion is drawn that the presence of the two above-mentioned bands in the IR spectrum of the ethylene-propylene copolymers does not indicate the presence of long propylene sequences of the isotactic type, and therefore the existence of a block copolymer, but only the presence of the monomeric unit mentioned above.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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