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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of a pocket-sized turbine spirometer in monitoring exercise-induced bronchospasm and bronchodilator responses in children (1999)
    Copenhagen, Denmark : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Pediatric allergy and immunology 10 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3038
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: For field studies of asthma, portable hand-held pulmonary function testing devices are required. Other than for peak flow measurements, little has been done to validate their use in children. Fifty children aged 5–15 years having asthma symptoms were examined using an exercise challenge (8 min free running outdoors) and a bronchodilation test (salbutamol inhalation at a dose of 0.15 mg/kg). Pulmonary function was measured with a turbine spirometer, with a Wright peak flow meter (WPEF) and with a flow–volume spirometer (FVS). A fall of 15% or more in WPEF associated with wheezing or cough was considered diagnostic for bronchial hyper-responsiveness to exercise (BHRE). A rise of 15% or more from baseline in WPEF after salbutamol inhalation was considered as a positive bronchodilator response (BDR). BHRE was present in 16 children (32%). Using the limit of a 15% or greater fall in FEV1, turbine spirometry identified 12 as BHRE-positive and no additional cases, giving a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 100%. The turbine spirometer showed lower FEV1 values than the FVS, the difference increasing with airway obstruction. BDR was positive in eight children (16%). Using the limit of a 10% or greater rise in FEV1, turbine spirometry was positive in six cases. FEV1 measured by turbine spirometry could not be used interchangeably with conventional FVS. However, the turbine spirometer offers the possibility to measure FEV1 repeatedly in field conditions, such as during exercise challenges outdoors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3038.1999.00037.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of left ventricular function from gated first-pass and multiple gated equilibrium acquisitions (1992)
    Springer
    The international journal of cardiovascular imaging 8 (1992), S. 243-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0743
    Keywords: equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography ; first-pass radionuclide angiography ; left ventricular function ; 99mtechnetium-sestamibi
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract 99mTechnetium-sestamibi is a new myocardial perfusion imaging agent that offers significant physical advantages over201thallium for myocardial perfusion imaging. One of these advantages is that it can be used in the assessment of ventricular function by means of first-pass radionuclide angiography (FPRNA), acquired during the injection of the tracer. In this study we compared gated list mode first-pass acquisition with99mTc-sestamibi (FP-MIBI) to multiple gated equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography (MUGA) with99mTc-labelled red blood cells for the determination of global left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). The study population consisted of 20 patients (mean age 54 years) who were submitted to stress-rest perfusion imaging. Resting FPRNA was performed using99mTc-sestamibi and the reference data were acquired within a week with the MUGA technique. A linear correlation between FP LVEF and MUG A LVEF gave an r=0.974 (p〈0.01). Diastolic and systolic timing and velocity parameters had lower correlations between these two methods. We conclude thatglobal LVEF can be precisely measured with99mTc-sestamibi when compared to usually employed MUGA technique with99mTc-labelled red blood cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01146022
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Initial experience with single-photon emission tomography using iodine-123-labelled 2 β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)tropane in human brain (1993)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 20 (1993), S. 783-786 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Dopamine ; Dynamic single-photon emission tomography ; Iodine-123-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)tropane ; Parkinson's disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The iodinated cocaine analogue 2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)tropane ([123I]β-CIT), a new dopamine transporter, was preliminarily tested in human brain. Two normal volunteers and two patients with Parkinson's disease were imaged with a high-resolution single-photon emission tomography scanner. The specific binding of [123I]β-CIT in the basal ganglia and thalamus was high in normal volunteers. In addition, there was relatively intense uptake in the medial prefrontal area. Patients with Parkinson's disease who were older than controls showed significantly lower specific binding in the basal ganglia and thalamus and no uptake in the medial prefrontal cortex. This decrease in the dopamine transporter may be age related.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00180909
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Does technetium-99m bicisate image local brain metabolism in late ictal temporal lobe epilepsy? (1994)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 21 (1994), S. 1247-1251 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Brain ; Temporal lobe epilepsy ; Singlephoton emission tomography ; Technetium-99m bicisate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Ictal increase in regional cerebral blood flow as judged by single-photon emission tomography (SPET) is a common phenomenon during focal epileptic seizures. Up to 2 min postictally, regional hyperperfusion is a consistent finding with technetium-99m hexamethylpropylene amine oxime (HMPAO) in temporal lobe epilepsy. A new 99mTc-labelled lipophilic cerebral blood flow imaging agent, bicisate, has considerably longer radiochemical stability and yields better image quality than 99mTc-HMPAO. In this report, we present the case of a 21-year-old female patient with temporal lobe complex partial seizures. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed right hippocampal sclerosis. A dose of 550 MBq of 99mTc-bicisate was injected 35 s after the onset of a seizure during intracranial EEG-videotelemetry. At the moment of injection, subdural EEG demonstrated the beginning of late ictal discharges and postictal suppression in the right temporomesial areas. Late ictal SPET images showed marked right fronto-temporo-parietal hypoactivity. The interictal SPET study clearly showed right frontotemporal hypoactivity. These preliminary data suggest that 99mTc-bicisate shows late ictal/early postictal hypoactivity which might represent the primary change in neuronal metabolism rather than the secondary change in cerebral blood flow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00182362
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term effect of acetyl-L-carnitine on myocardial123I-MIBG uptake in patients with diabetes (2000)
    Springer
    Clinical autonomic research 10 (2000), S. 13-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-1560
    Keywords: acetyl-L-carnitine ; MIBG ; autonomic neuropathy ; sympathetic dysfunction ; cardiac denervation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Carnitine derivatives may have beneficial effects on cardiac and nerve function in patients with diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) on myocardial sympathetic nervous function as measured with123I-meta-iodobenzyl guanidine (MIBG) and single-photon emission tomography (SPET) in 19 patients with diabetes (placebo group,n=6; ALC group,n=13) at the beginning and at the end of a 1-year randomized, placebo-controlled, doubleblind trial. The coefficient of variation for the MIBG analysis was 4%. In patients who were given a placebo, global myocardial MIBG uptake deteriorated during the study (MIBG uptake 1-year follow-up/baseline, 0.86±0.05, mean±standard error of mean), whereas in patients treated with ALC, MIBG uptake did not change significantly (1-year follow-up/baseline, 1.07±0.08; p=0.03 between the groups). On the basis of these preliminary data, we conclude that long-term treatment with ALC may be of potential value in preventing the progressive loss of myocardial sympathetic nervous function in patients with diabetes. MIBG-SPET is a sensitive and thus valuable method in assessing the development of myocardial sympathetic nervous dysfunction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02291384
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of myocardial viability with technetium-99m hexakis-2-methoxyisobutyl isonitrile and iodine-123 phenylpentadecanoic acid and single photon emission tomography (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 19 (1992), S. 882-889 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Coronary artery disease ; Fatty acids ; Myocardium ; Radioisotopes ; Viability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The detection of viable myocardium in infarcted regions, i.e. hibernating myocardium, is a major goal in clinical cardiology today. We applied combined planar and single photon emission tomography (SPET) to the non-invasive estimation of the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), myocardial blood flow and free fatty acid uptake in the heart. Of the 31 patients with coronary artery disease, 25 (81%) had had a previous myocardial infarction. All patients had at least one persistent perfusion defect on the stress-rest technetium-99m hexakis-2-methoxyisobutyl isonitrile (Sestamibi) study, and the results revealed 57/124 (46%) persistent perfusion defects. As a part of the perfusion study, the LVEF was measured at rest using the first-pass 99mTc-Sestamibi injection, and the mean LVEF was 47% ±9% (mean ± 1 standard deviation). Iodine-123 phenylpentadecanoic acid (123I-pPPA) imaging at rest was performed within 2 weeks from the perfusion study. Then 6-mm transaxial, sagittal and coronal slices of the perfusion and 123I-pPPA studies were reconstructed. The bull's eye displays of the coronal slices were visually surveyed and divided into 4 quadrants: anterior, lateral, posterior and septal. The following image score was used: 0 = fixed defect, 1 = partial uptake and 2 =normal uptake. Moreover an index of metabolic reserve (MR) was calculated by dividing the bull's eye of the 123I-pPPA study by the bull's eye of resting 99mTc-Sestamibi, and its maximum value was normalized to 100%. Fourteen segments (25%) had a normal 123I-pPPA uptake with a MR value of 96% ±8%. Twenty-two segments (39%) had a partial 123I-pPPA uptake with a MR of 74% ±20%, whereas 21 segments (36%) had no 123I-pPPA uptake and a very low MR of 36%±34%. There was a highly significant correlation (r =0.70) between LVEF and MR. These findings suggest that it is possible to identify viable myocardium by measuring contractile function (first-pass, multiple-gated 99mTc-Sestamibi) and myocardial perfusion (stress-rest 99mTc-Sestamibi) and by combining these parameters with myocardial fatty acid uptake (1231-pPPA) studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00168165
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Striatal and extrastriatal imaging of dopamine D2 receptors in the living human brain with [123I]epidepride single-photon emission tomography (1997)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 24 (1997), S. 483-487 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Dopamine D2 receptor ; Epidepride ; Extrastriatal ; Single-photon emission tomography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The iodine-123 labelled ligand benzamide epidepride was evaluated as a probe for in vivo imaging of striatal and extrastriatal dopamine D2 receptor sites in the human brain. Four healthy males were imaged with a high-resolution single-photon emission tomography scanner. Striatal radioactivity peaked at 3 h after injection. The specific binding in the striatum was 0.91±0.03 at 3 h and this ratio steadily increased with time. Extrastriatal radioactivity was highest in the thalamus, in the midbrain and in the temporal cortex, and peaked at 45–60 min after injection of tracer. A smaller amount of radioactivity was found in the parietal, frontal and occipital cortices. Two radioactive metabolites were observed, of which one was more lipophilic than the parent compound. The radiation burden to the patient was 0.035 mSv/MBq (effective dose equivalent). The preliminary results showed that [123I]epidepride can be used for imaging striatal and extrastriatal dopamine D2 receptor sites in the living human brain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01267678
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Striatal and extrastriatal imaging of dopamine D2 receptors in the living human brain with [123I]epidepride single-photon emission tomography (1997)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 24 (1997), S. 483-487 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Key words: Dopamine D2 receptor ; Epidepride ; Extrastriatal ; Single-photon emission tomography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The iodine-123 labelled ligand benzamide epidepride was evaluated as a probe for in vivo imaging of striatal and extrastriatal dopamine D2 receptor sites in the human brain. Four healthy males were imaged with a high-resolution single-photon emission tomography scanner. Striatal radioactivity peaked at 3 h after injection. The specific binding in the striatum was 0.91±0.03 at 3 h and this ratio steadily increased with time. Extrastriatal radioactivity was highest in the thalamus, in the midbrain and in the temporal cortex, and peaked at 45–60 min after injection of tracer. A smaller amount of radioactivity was found in the parietal, frontal and occipital cortices. Two radioactive metabolites were observed, of which one was more lipophilic than the parent compound. The radiation burden to the patient was 0.035 mSv/MBq (effective dose equivalent). The preliminary results showed that [123I]epidepride can be used for imaging striatal and extrastriatal dopamine D2 receptor sites in the living human brain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01267678
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Similar effect of revascularization on technetium-99msestamibi and 15-(p-iodophenyl)pentadecanoic acid uptake in myocardial infarction patients (1999)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 26 (1999), S. 1304-1309 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Key words: Coronary bypass operation ; Perfusion ; Single-photon emission tomography ; Viability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. To study its usefulness as a tracer for assessment of the perfusion and viability of myocardium, 15-(p-iodophenyl)pentadecanoic acid (IPPA) was compared with technetium-99m sestamibi (MIBI). Dual-tracer single-photon emission tomography rest imaging was performed no more than 2 months before and 3 months after coronary artery bypass grafting in 28 patients with previous anterior (n=13) or inferior (n=15) infarction. The size of MIBI and IPPA defects decreased from 14%±12% and 13%±9% to 10%±11% and 9%±7%, respectively (P〈0.001 for both). The MIBI uptake increased in the infarct zones from 35%±11% to 43%±8% (P〈0.001), and in the peri-infarct zones from 50%±11% to 55%±10% (P〈0.05). The IPPA uptake increased in the infarct zones from 37%±11% to 44%±13% (P〈0.001), and in the peri-infarct zones from 51%±11% to 57%±12% (P〈0.05). In nine patients with improved regional echocardiographic wall motion score after bypass surgery, the pre-operative uptake values of both MIBI and IPPA in the infarct and peri-infarct zones were on average slightly but not significantly higher than in 19 patients with no observed improvement in regional wall motion score. In patients with improved regional wall motion, the MIBI scans and the IPPA scans showed (non-significant) decreases in defect size and increases in infarct and peri-infarct zone uptake after bypass surgery. Similar (in some cases significant) changes were observed in the patients without improvement in wall motion. Thus IPPA and MIBI provided similar information about perfusion and viability in pre- and postoperative evaluation of patients with clinically evident myocardial infarction and with normal global ejection fraction. Regardless of the tracer used, the resolution capability of the dual-tracer method with a rest imaging protocol was not sufficient to differentiate viable from non-viable infarction defects in unselected individual patients with a normal ejection fraction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002590050587
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improvement of brain perfusion SPET using iterative reconstruction with scatter and non-uniform attenuation correction (2000)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 27 (2000), S. 1380-1386 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Brain perfusion Iterative reconstruction Non-uniform attenuation correction Single-photon emission tomography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Filtered back-projection (FBP) is generally used as the reconstruction method for single-photon emission tomography although it produces noisy images with apparent streak artefacts. It is possible to improve the image quality by using an algorithm with iterative correction steps. The iterative reconstruction technique also has an additional benefit in that computation of attenuation correction can be included in the process. A commonly used iterative method, maximum-likelihood expectation maximisation (ML-EM), can be accelerated using ordered subsets (OS-EM). We have applied to the OS-EM algorithm a Bayesian one-step late correction method utilising median root prior (MRP). Methodological comparison was performed by means of measurements obtained with a brain perfusion phantom and using patient data. The aim of this work was to quantitate the accuracy of iterative reconstruction with scatter and non-uniform attenuation corrections and post-filtering in SPET brain perfusion imaging. SPET imaging was performed using a triple-head gamma camera with fan-beam collimators. Transmission and emission scans were acquired simultaneously. The brain phantom used was a high-resolution three-dimensional anthropomorphic JB003 phantom. Patient studies were performed in ten chronic pain syndrome patients. The images were reconstructed using conventional FBP and iterative OS-EM and MRP techniques including scatter and non-uniform attenuation corrections. Iterative reconstructions were individually post-filtered. The quantitative results obtained with the brain perfusion phantom were compared with the known actual contrast ratios. The calculated difference from the true values was largest with the FBP method; iteratively reconstructed images proved closer to the reality. Similar findings were obtained in the patient studies. The plain OS-EM method improved the contrast whereas in the case of the MRP technique the improvement in contrast was not so evident with post-filtering.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002590000291
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