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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interpretation of ileal biopsies: morphological features in normal and diseased mucosa (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 38 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: One of the advantages of flexible colonoscopy is that the terminal ileum can easily be reached and biopsied by an experienced operator. Thus, the pathologist will, with increasing frequency, receive ileal biopsies from patients who have or may not have ileal disease and it is therefore useful to have a good knowledge of the spectrum of ileal mucosal histology and pathology, of its normal function, and of the changes seen in different conditions. It is also desirable to be aware of diseases that occur less frequently.The ileal microscopic features are related to its absorptive function on the one hand, and to non-specific and specific defence mechanisms of the organism against potential hazardous components on the other. As a consequence the mucosa features a constant physiological and controlled inflammatory process. Part of the ileal mucosal structure is determined by the presence of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) which plays a key role in discriminating harmless nutrients and harmful pathogens.It will be important to distinguish this normal situation from alterations seen in infectious or inflammatory pathology. Further, because of the therapeutic implications, it is necessary that acute and chronic (idiopathic) inflammation are recognized. This will in general be possible by evaluating the composition of the inflammatory infiltrate and the occurrence of epithelial and mucosal architectural changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2559.2001.01070.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human meniscal proteoglycan metabolism in long-term tissue culture (1996)
    Springer
    Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy 4 (1996), S. 57-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-7347
    Keywords: Meniscus culture ; Transplantation ; Proteoglycan
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Sports Science
    Notes: Abstract For the purpose of human meniscal allografting, menisci have been maintained viable in in vitro culture. The influence of long-term tissue culture on the extracellular matrix metabolism of the meniscus has been studied. Fetal calf serum (FCS) was used as a supplement for the growth factors necessary to maintain optimal meniscal cell metabolism. A series of semilunar cartilage samples was cultured under serum-free conditions since foreign proteins could be responsible for immunological problems after eventual allografting. The proteoglycan metabolism in human menisci cultured in FCS-supplemented and in serum-free culture media was compared. To rule out any influence of topographical variations in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content on proteoglycan (PG) metabolism, GAG concentrations within the tissue were determined, and sulphate (35S) incorporation was studied in tissue samples with a comparable biochemical composition. Sulphate incorporation was preserved when 20% FCS was added to the nutrient medium. The meniscal tissue fibroblasts continued to produce35S-PG during 4 weeks of culture. The PG molecules were shown to consist of PG-aggregates, monomers and a low molecular-weight PG population. Newly synthesized GAG consisted of approximately 55% chondroitin 4- and 6-sulphate and 33% dermatan sulphate. In the presence of serum.35S incorporation in PG and in the PG-aggregate fraction significantly increased during the first 2 weeks and then decreased during the following 2 weeks of in vitro culture. Newly synthesized PG-aggregates were almost entirely accumulated in the tissue during these weeks. In the 3rd week the values for this parameter decreased slightly.35S-PG synthesis dramatically declined after 4 weeks of in vitro culture. Catabolism probably resulted in increased proportions of35S-PG in the incubation media. In the absence of serum,35S-PG production also increased in the 2nd week of culture. However,35S activity was almost exclusively found in small PG, and this material apparently diffused to the incubation media. Consequently, catabolism is higher, and the immobilization of35S-PG is poor when FCS is not added to the culture media. Our findings suggest that menisci are maintained in viable condition and may serve for allografting at least during 2 weeks of tissue culture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01566000
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of low doses of prednisolone on the traffic of T helper-inducer cells in rheumatoid arthritis (1982)
    Springer
    Clinical rheumatology 1 (1982), S. 199-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-9949
    Keywords: T-cell subsets ; Low dose prednisolone ; Rheumatoid arthritis ; Monoclonal antibodies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of a single dose of 5 and 10 mg of prednisolone on the kinetics of lymphocytes and T lymphocyte subsets were investigated in patients suffering from active rheumatoid arthritis. Six hours after intake of 10 mg of the drug a significant drop in total lymphocyte count, total T-cell numbers and T-helper cell numbers was recorded. The values returned to baseline values within 24 hours. Intake of 5 mg of prednisolone depressed total T-cell count and more particularly the absolute numbers of T-helper cells. No statistically significant changes occurred in T suppressor-cytotoxic cell traffics. The influence on the kinetics of T-helper cells was responsible for a significant decrease of helper/suppressor ratios in the intravascular compartment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02042775
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gastrointestinal blood loss after intake of benoxaprofen (1982)
    Springer
    Clinical rheumatology 1 (1982), S. 263-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-9949
    Keywords: Gastrointestinal Bleeding ; Non Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs ; Prostaglandin Synthetase Inhibitor ; Benoxaprofen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In order to study gastrointestinal irritation caused by the intake of Benoxaprofen, blood loss in stools before and after intake of the drug was measured by labelling red blood cells with51Cr. The results were compared with previous studies in which the same method was used to determine fecal blood loss after intake of other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Anti-inflammatory drugs inhibiting prostaglandin synthetase caused abnormal fecal blood loss in 20 to 60 % of the patients. Benoxaprofen which is a weak prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor and acts on the leukotrines, entailed no abnormal fecal blood loss. It was concluded that with respect to microbleeding, Benoxaprofen had no harmful effect on the gastrointestinal tract in this population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02032084
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of aceclofenac with diclofenac in the treatment of osteoarthritis (1995)
    Springer
    Clinical rheumatology 14 (1995), S. 656-662 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-9949
    Keywords: Aceclofenac ; Nonsteroidal-Antiinflammatory Drugs ; Diclofenac ; Osteoarthritis ; Efficacy ; Safety
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A multicentre randomised, double-blind, parallel group, general practice study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy and safety of aceclofenac (200 patients, 100mg twice daily and placebo once daily) in comparison with diclofenac (197 patients, 50mg three times daily) in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. The treatment period of twelve weeks was preceded by a washout period of two weeks duration. At end point, patients in both aceclofenac and diclofenactreated groups exhibited significant improvement in pain intensity (p=0.0001). Although both treatment groups showed significant improvement in all investigators' clinical assessments (joint tenderness, swelling, pain on movement, functional capacity, overall assessment), there were no significant differences between the groups. There was, however, a trend towards greater improvement in complete knee movement and reduced pain on movement with aceclofenac. In patients with initial flexion deformity, aceclofenac was significantly more effective than diclofenac in improving knee flexion after 2–4 weeks of treatment. Patients' subjective assessment of pain relief demonstrated significantly greater efficacy with aceclofenac. At end point, 71% of patients in the aceclofenac group reported improvement in pain intensity as compared to 59% treated with diclofenac (p=0.005). Tolerability of aceclofenac was better than with diclofenac as fewer patients experienced gastrointestinal adverse events. In particular, the incidence of treatment related diarrhoea was less with aceclofenac (1%) than with diclofenac (6.6%). In summary, this study supports a therapeutic role for aceclofenac in arthritis and suggests that it is an alternative NSAID to diclofenac in the treatment of osteoarthritis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02207932
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyarteritis Nodosa Mimicking Polymyalgia Rheumatica (1999)
    Springer
    Clinical rheumatology 18 (1999), S. 257-260 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-9949
    Keywords: Key words:Non-giant-cell arteritis – Polyarteritis nodosa, Polymyalgia rheumatica
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: We report a case of polyarteritis nodosa with a clinical presentation mimicking polymyalgia rheumatica, as well as pathological findings of non-giant-cell arteritis on temporal artery biopsy with symptoms of jaw claudication. Although certain clinical syndromes have been attributed to specific types of systemic vasculitis, considerable overlap occurs. Obtaining tissue biopsy in cases of vasculitis is mandatory for diagnosis and classification.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100670050096
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Candida Glabrata Arthritis: Case Report and Review of the Literature of Candida Arthritis (1999)
    Springer
    Clinical rheumatology 18 (1999), S. 406-409 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-9949
    Keywords: Key words:Candida arthritis – Septic arthritis –Torulopsis glabrata
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: We report a case of arthritis due to Candida (Torulopsis) glabrata in two different joints at different times in the same patient. The first episode of arthritis was situated in the right ankle and lasted more than 1 year before the patient agreed to the proposed treatment. Therapy with intravenous amphotericin B and oral fluconazole failed. A cure was achieved with weekly intra-articular administration of amphotericin B, which was continued for more than 20 weeks and combined with oral itraconazole. Several weeks later the patient developed Candida glabrata arthritis of the left knee while still taking itraconazole. Immediately, intravenous amphotericin B therapy was started and was successful. Because there were no previous invasive point manipulations or trauma, the infections were considered to be haematogenously disseminated. Chronic corticosteroid and repeated antibiotic therapy for infectious exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and alcohol abuse are the presumed risk factors in this otherwise immunocompetent patient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100670050127
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Needle Arthroscopy of the Knee with Synovial Biopsy Sampling: Technical Experience in 150 Patients (1999)
    Springer
    Clinical rheumatology 18 (1999), S. 434-441 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-9949
    Keywords: Key words:Arthritis, Arthroscopy, Histology, Synovitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Needle arthroscopy is an office-based technique allowing direct visualisation of the knee cavity and selective sampling of the synovial membrane. We performed needle arthroscopy in 150 patients with synovitis of the knee (1) to evaluate the diagnostic potential in early arthritis, (2) to perform therapeutic lavage in persistent inflammatory synovitis and (3) to assess the balance between technical feasibility, safety and patient comfort on the one hand, and the relevance of the obtained macro- and microscopic information for diagnosis and research purposes on the other. After disinfection of the leg and local anaesthesia of the skin and joint, a 1.8–2.7 mm needle arthroscope was introduced into the knee. Synovial fluid was aspirated and lavage of the joint cavity was performed to allow macroscopic evaluation of hyperaemia and hypertrophy of the synovial membrane. Biopsies were taken at inflamed sites, followed by another lavage to remove blood and debris. Needle arthroscopy of the knee is a simple and easy to perform technique made particularly attractive by the local anaesthesia and the ambulatory setting. It allows good macroscopic evaluation of synovial inflammation and selective sampling of the synovial membrane. Biopsies are suitable for RNA and DNA extraction, bacterial or lymphocyte culture, and cell isolation. Because samples were sometimes too small for representative histology, we switched from a 1.8 mm to a 2.7 mm biopsy forceps with good results. In nearly all cases the arthroscopy was well tolerated. Moreover, some patients reported relief of symptoms and even improvement of mobility after lavage of the inflamed joint. No major complications were noted. It was concluded that needle arthroscopy of the knee is a simple, safe and well-tolerated technique, with promising perspectives as a diagnostic, scientific and possibly therapeutic tool in rheumatic diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100670050134
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Disease manifestations of progressive systemic sclerosis: sensitivity and specificity (1987)
    Springer
    Clinical rheumatology 6 (1987), S. 532-538 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-9949
    Keywords: Systemic Sclerosis ; Disease Manifestation ; Sensitivity ; Specificity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The authors conducted a study of 47 patients with a diagnosis of systemic sclerosis in order to determine the sensitivity, specificity and Youden index and consequently the diagnostic value of the generally accepted criteria and of some other common disease features. The control population consisted of 324 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 35 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. In addition to proximal scleroderma, the presence of which was required for inclusion in this study, other disease features score a high to moderate Youden index: sclerodactyly, Raynaud's phenomenon, appearance of perioral grooves, cinematographic evidence of esophageal hypomotility, periarticular calcifications, widening of the peridontal membrane on teeth radiographs and specific histologic changes on fingertip biopsy. Finally, a good correlation was found with most of the ARA subcommittee criteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02330590
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proteoglycan metabolism in isolated chondrocytes from human cartilage. Influence of niflumic acid (1990)
    Springer
    Clinical rheumatology 9 (1990), S. 32-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-9949
    Keywords: Proteoglycan Metabolism ; Human Cartilage ; NSAIDs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of niflumic acid on hyaluronic acid and proteoglycan metabolism of human cartilage cells was investigated in vitro. Cartilage cells were obtained from five different donors. Niflumic acid levels used in the test systems ranged from 0 to 22 μgr/ml and were comparable to serum concentrations in humans after oral intake. Niflumic acid increased the synthesis rates of proteoglycan in some batches of isolated and monolayer-cultured chondrocytes. The effect on hyaluronate synthesis was less pronounced. The fact that this increase in the synthesis of proteoglycan was restricted to some of the donors whereas isolated cells or tissue samples from other individuals remained unaffected illustrates the heterogeneity of different human donors. Depression of proteoglycan synthesis in the presence of the drug was never observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02030238
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