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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Sozial- und Präventivmedizin 19 (1974), S. 289-291 
    ISSN: 1420-911X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Konzentrationen an Methadon und seinen Metaboliten im Harn von Drogensüchtigen werden gaschromatographisch bestimmt. Das Verhältnis Methadon/Metabolit ist bei oraler Einnahme kleiner als 1. Die Schwankungen dieses Verhältnisses scheinen für jeden Patienten innerhalb bestimmter Grenzen zu bleiben und nicht von Dosis und Zeit nach der Einnahme abzuhängen.
    Abstract: Summary The concentrations of methadone and metabolit are determined in the urine of narcotics addicts by gas liquid chromatography. The ratio of methadone to metabolite is less than one by oral administration. The variations of the ratio seem to remain within definite limits for each patient irrespective of the doses and of time after administration.
    Notes: Résumé Grâce à une méthode basée sur la chromatographie en phase gazeuse, la concentration de méthadone et de métabolites excrétés dans l'urine du toxicomane en traitement est déterminée. Le rapport méthadone/métabolite est inférieur à 1 pour une administration par voie orale. II fluctue dans des limites bien définies pour chaque patient indépendamment de la dose et du temps.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 162-166 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Capillary gas chromatography ; Nitrogen selective detector ; Urine clean-up ; Heroin metabolite ; O6-Monoacetylmorphine ; Opiates ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Three methods were evaluated for the determination of O6-monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM), the specific metabolite of heroin in human urine, by GC-NPD-FID. The procedure devised for a hydrophobic cation exchange column showed superior performances over the liquid-liquid extraction technique and solid phase extraction with C18. 6-MAM can be analyzed in random urines at the 2 ng/mL concentration with classical equipment for the differentiation between heroin intake and opiates from various origins. The procedure was also applied to enzymatic and acid hydrolyzates of urines. The simultaneous presence of morphine and codeine are useful in the interpretation of results.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: It is of importance to differentiate heroin intake from the absorption of opiate-containing pharmaceuticals or opiates from other sources. A method for the routine determination of O6-monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM), the specific metabolite of heroin in human urine, by gas chromatography and classical detectors without having recourse to gas chromatography/mass spectrometry-selected ion mode (GC/MS-SIM) is described. With dual detection by nitrogen selective and flame ionization detectors, the limits of detection for 6-MAM were determined to be 2 ng/mL and 4 ng/mL urine for a 10 mL sample. When applied to urines preliminarily screened for opiates, the results appeared consistent in comparison with those obtained by GC/MS-SIM. The method was also developed for the simultaneous quantitative analysis of morphine and codeine. The linearity was tested up to 600 ng/mL for the three compounds of interest 6-MAM, morphine and codeine and their absolute recoveries were 76%, 78%, 75% respectively.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Sozial- und Präventivmedizin 38 (1993), S. S128 
    ISSN: 1420-911X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The replacement of the HDI monomer by less volatile prepolymers is not accompanied by a decrease of the incidence of occupational asthma in Switzerland. Field measurements show that the prepolymer concentration levels may be high although the monomer is hardly detectable or complies with the norm. Our researches are focused on the improvement of generation and measurement techniques (international quality control), on the characterization of the prepolymers to study their transformation in biological media. Field surveys will be conducted to establish the prepolymer concentration profiles. We recommend for the introduction in Switzerland of threshold limit values for HDI-biuret and isocyanurate.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Der weitgehende Ersatz von monomerem HDI durch weniger flüchtigen Vorpolymere wurde durch eine Abnahme im Auftreten von Isocyanatasthma bei exponierten Arbeitnehmern in der Schweiz nicht begleitet. Arbeitsplatzmessungen zeigen hohe Konzentrationen an Vorpolymeren, obschon HDI-Monomer kaum nachweisbar oder unterhalb des arbeitshygienischen Grenzwertes liegt. Unsere Forschung zielt auf verbesserte Erzeugung von Testatmosphären und Analytik der Vorpolymere (internationale Qualitätskontrolle), sowie auf deren chemische Charakterisierung zwecks Untersuchung ihres Verhaltens in biologischen Medien. Konzentrationsprofile der Vorpolymere sollen anhand von Arbeitsplatzuntersuchungen gewonnen werden. Die Aufnahme eines arbeitshygienischen Grenzwertes für HDI-Biuret und Isocyanurat in der Schweiz wird empfohlen.
    Notes: Résumé Malgré l'élimination des monomères HDI dans la peinture à deux composants jusqu'à des concentrations résiduelles de 0.1%, on observe toujours une incidence élevée de l'asthme professionnel aux isocyanates chez les travailleurs exposés. Les mesures effectuées dans l'air des lieux de travail par les techniques développées dans notre laboratoire montrent que le HDI monomère est à peine décelable mais que les taux de prépolymères sont largement supérieurs, de l'ordre du mg/m3. Il semble que les prépolymères puissent être tout autant incriminés malgré leur faible volatilité. Nos recherches s'orientent au laboratoire vers le perfectionnement des techniques de génération et de mesurage dans l'air (circuit inter-laboratoire) et la caractérisation chimique des prépolymères pour étudier leur transformation en milieu biologique. Les données sur le terrain seront complétées par des enquêtes pour mieux cerner les niveaux d'exposition. Afin d'assurer une meilleure prévention, nous plaidons pour l'introduction en Suisse de normes sur les prépolymères tels le HDI-biuret et l'isocyanurate dont la valeur serait calquée sur celle de certains pays scandinaves (0.2 mg/m3).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: PAH ; GC-FID ; automatic on-column injection ; automatic sample clean-up ; automatic fractionation ; certification ; certified reference material ; sewage sludge
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Semi-automatic capillary gas chromatographic method with classical flame ionization detection, which satisfies the conditions for required performance and gave acceptable results within the framework of an interlaboratory certification programme for PAHs in sewage sludge, is described. The interesting feature of the procedure is that it incorporates automatic operations such as sample fractionation by semi-preparative HPLC, fraction collection at signal level recognition and evaporation under nitrogen flow. Multiple injections in the GC capillary column are performed in the on-column mode via an autosampler with temperature-programmable injector. Automatic data acquisition and chromatogram treatment are made via computer software. This partially automatic procedure releases personnel from tedious and time-consuming tasks and its robust character was validated through the certification of reference material for PAHs in sewage sludge, demonstrating its reliable performance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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