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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 2187-2191 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A technique is developed to control the chemical reactivity of a silicon single-crystal surface through chemical modification with atomic hydrogen. The reactivity of the reconstructed single-crystal surface prepared by high-temperature treatment in an ultrahigh vacuum is significantly decreased by capping the dangling bonds of top-layer silicon atoms with hydrogen atoms. The Si—H bonds on the hydrogenated surface are found to be much more stable against oxidation than the Si—Si back bonds. The hydrogen-passivated silicon surface is reactivated by electron beam irradiation. An ultrathin oxide layer pattern can be prepared using preferential oxidation of the area reactivated by a focused electron beam.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 6298-6300 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This article describes a design optimization of an axially laminated rotor of the synchronous reluctance motor, using the optimization method combined with the magnetic field analysis. The magnetic flux distribution in the synchronous reluctance motor is distorted due to the complicated rotor configuration and the influence of magnetic saturation, which results in a large number of local minimum solutions. Therefore, taking account of the magnetic saturation by the finite element method, the authors propose a novel optimization approach by coupling the stochastic search method with the deterministic one. In the optimization process a suitable objective function for the stability of machine performances is also proposed. Finally some numerical results that demonstrate the validity of the proposed approach are presented. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 3140-3143 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A reconstructed Si single crystal surface was fluorinated using xenon fluoride. All dangling bonds on the 2×1 reconstructed surface of Si(100) were terminated by fluorine atoms, and Si—F bonds were generated. However, dimer bonds remained after the treatment. This is different from the situation where dimer bonds are easily terminated by hydrogen atoms in a hydrogenation treatment. A bulky Si—F group is considered to sterically hinder fluorine termination of a dimer bond. Also, only an adatom bond seems to be terminated by a fluorine atom in the fluorination treatment of a Si(111) 7×7 reconstructed surface. When the fluorinated Si(100) surface was exposed to the atmosphere, dimer bonds were observed to be oxidized immediately. Also following the reaction, the backbond of the Si—F group is oxidized and the S—F bond itself was hydrolyzed. The fluorinated surface, which is chemically active, differs from the hydrogen-passivated surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 4699-4701 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A novel approach to the three-dimensional optimal design of magnetic shields is presented, in which both shape optimization and topology optimization are achieved with the aid of numerical magnetic-field analysis. These numerical procedures are implemented by means of the hybrid finite element and boundary element method combined with the genetic algorithm. This results in an overall increase in the optimization speed with acceptable computational accuracy. Finally, some numerical results that demonstrate the validity of the proposed approach are presented. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This article describes the shape optimization of detective coils for initial rotor position estimation in the drive system of permanent magnet synchronous motors. The characteristics of magnetic circuits in rotating machinery are very complicated. The magnetic flux distribution in the air gap is nonsinusoidal due to the influence of slots, magnets, and magnetic saturation, etc. By utilizing the slot ripple influence and taking the effects of both magnetic saturation and permanent magnets into consideration, an optimization of the detective coil by means of a genetic algorithm combined with a hybrid finite element and boundary element method is reported. This produces a global optimal solution in a shorter time. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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