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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterozygous α1-antichymotrypsin deficiency may be associated with cold urticaria (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 47 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Proteins of the serpin family (serine protease inhibitor) control key steps in the inflammatory, coagulation and complement systems. C1-inhibitor deficiency predisposes to hereditary angioneurotic oedema, and other serpins control proteolytic enzymes that may cause complement activation or the forming of oedema. We investigated whether deficiency of proteins of the serpin family may predispose to cold urticaria and therefore screened 7 male patients with severe cold urticaria for the presence of deficieney alleles of some of the members of the serpin antiprotease family. There were no findings of C1-inhibitor, α1-antitrypsin, α2-antiplasmin, antithrombin III, tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor or thyroxine binding protein deficiency. The prevalence of heterozygous α1-antichymotrypsin deficieney was significantly higher than expected (prevalence ratio 25.8 (95% confidence interval 6.0-112), p〈 0.0001). This finding is in concert with previous studies that have shown lower mean levels of α1-antichymotrypsin among patients with cold urticaria and suggests that heterozygous deficiency of this antiprotease, which controls neutrophil eathepsin G and mast cell chymase may predispose to cold urticaria. The present series is, however, small and the results need confirmation in larger materials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1992.tb00663.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Circulating eosinophils in asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis lack morphological signs of degranulation (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 35 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background In allergic diseases, eosinophils in affected tissues release granule proteins with cytotoxic, immunoregulatory, and remodelling-promoting properties. From recent observations, it may be assumed that eosinophils degranulate already in circulating blood. If degranulation occurs in the circulation, this could contribute to widespread systemic effects and provide an important marker of disease.Objective To determine the degranulation status of circulating eosinophils in common allergic diseases.Methods Using a novel approach of whole blood fixation and leucocyte preparation, the granule morphology of blood eosinophils from healthy subjects, non-symptomatic patients, symptomatic patients with asthma, asthma and Churg–Strauss syndrome, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and eosinophil peroxidase (TEM) histochemistry. Plasma and serum levels of eosinophil cationic protein were measured by fluoroenzymeimmunoassay. Selected tissue biopsies were examined by TEM.Results Regardless of symptoms, circulating eosinophils from allergic patients showed the same granule morphology as cells from healthy subjects. The majority of eosinophil-specific granules had preserved intact electron-density (96%; range: 89–98%), while the remaining granules typically exhibited marginal coarsening or mild lucency of the matrix structure. Abnormalities of the crystalline granule core were rarely detected. Furthermore, granule matrix alterations were not associated with any re-localization of intracellular EPO or increase in plasma eosinophil cationic protein. By contrast, eosinophils in diseased tissues exhibited cytolysis (granule release through membrane rupture) and piecemeal degranulation (loss of granule matrix and core structures).Conclusion In symptomatic eosinophilic diseases, circulating blood eosinophils retain their granule contents until they have reached their target organ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02335.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Familial brachioradial pruritus (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 153 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background  The cause of brachioradial pruritus (a localized itching on the arms or shoulders) is controversial. A hereditary form of this condition has not been reported.Objectives  To describe the occurrence of brachioradial pruritus in several members of one family.Patients and methods  The pedigree of the three generations and the history of brachioradial pruritus was outlined. Four sisters were investigated by radiography of the cervical spine.Results  Five sisters and one brother, together with five of their daughters suffered from recurring brachioradial pruritus. The sisters had had occupations requiring heavy lifting, spent much time outdoors and exposed themselves extensively to the sun. Several complained of neck pain and cervical radiographs of four of them indicated arthrosis.Conclusions  Spinal disease alone cannot explain the symptoms of brachioradial pruritus, which in our patients was characterized by symptom-free periods broken off by relapse late in the summer each year. The pedigree suggests this hereditary form of brachioradial pruritus to be dominant and possibly X-linked.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06795.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allergic contact dermatitis from dichlofluanid (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 32 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1995.tb00765.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cutaneous field stimulation of sensory nerve fibers reduces itch without affecting contact dermatitis (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 57 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: A new technique, cutaneous field stimulation (CFS), which activates electrically unmyelinated C-fibers, is used to treat localized itch. Its action is similar to that of capsaicin, the pungent agent in hot peppers, which enhances delayed allergic reactions. The aim of the study was to investigate how experimental contact dermatitis responds to CFS.Methods: Twelve patients with contact dermatitis in response to nickel were treated by CFS for 1 h each for four consecutive days. A flexible plate containing electrodes was applied to a test area on the upper arm and was stimulated by a constant current (0.8 mA). On the fifth day, patients were provoked by epicutaneous application of nickel sulfate (allergic contact dermatitis) and benzalkonium chloride (irritant contact dermatitis), and by intradermal tuberculin (delayed immunologic reaction). Twelve other patients with IgE-mediated allergy were treated by CFS on the lower arm for 1 h and were then pricked with histamine and allergen extracts (wheal volume was measured) and were tested using benzoic acid (nonimmunologic contact urticaria; closed test). Ten of these patients were also treated by CFS for four days, and experiments were performed on the fifth day.Results: Test reactions to nickel, benzalkonium, and tuberculin were found to be unaffected by CFS treatment. Although allergic prick test reactions were enhanced (by 28%) after a single CFS treatment, the associated itch was significantly reduced both after single and repeated CFS treatments (by 65% and 38%, respectively).Conclusions: Repeated use of CFS to reduce itch has no adverse effects on contact dermatitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2002.23709.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occurrence of substance P, vasoactive intestinal peptide, and calcitonin gene-related peptide in dermographism and cold urticaria (1987)
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 279 (1987), S. 512-515 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Substance P ; Calcitonin gene-related peptide ; Vasoactive intestinal peptide ; Cold uriticaria ; Dermographism ; Suction blisters
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Substance P (SP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) were assayed in lesions and normal skin of patients with dermographism and cold urticaria utilizing suction-induced blisters. There was no difference in SP and VIP concentrations between challenged and control skin of urticaria patients. On the whole, however, the concentration of both neuropeptides, and VIP in particular, was higher in the urticaria patients than in control subjects. CGRP levels were not increased. SP and VIP in blood samples from veins draining challenged skin areas were below the detection limit. It is concluded that SP and VIP may potentiate histamine in wheal formation and thus contribute to the increased reactivity of the skin to trauma and temperature changes in patients with physical urticaria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00413281
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