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  • 1
    ISSN: 0165-1161
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Mutation Research/Environmental Mutagenesis and Related Subjects 216 (1989), S. 302 
    ISSN: 0165-1161
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Oecologia 77 (1988), S. 39-43 
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Movement patterns ; Random walk model ; Radar tracking ; Carabid beetles ; Cereal fields
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The individual movements of four carabid species were investigated by tracing beetles in the field using a portable radar system (harmonic radar). The field-inhabiting a Pterostichus melanarius Illiger, P. niger Schaller and Harpalus rufipes De Geer were traced in cereal fields. The movements of P. melanarius Mnd P. niger were also tracked in a wood and then compared with the movements of the forest-species Carabus nemoralis Müller. P. melanarius and P. niger displayed directed movements in cereal fields, although P. niger moved faster than P. melanarius. The movement pattern of H. rufipes in the field, and C. nemoralis and P. malanarius in the wood can be described as a c correlated random walk. In cereal fields, P. melanarius burrowed actively into the soil, and P. niger searched out crevices. In contrast, none of these two carabids burrowed in the forest soil, whereas C. nemoralis did. No statistically significant difference was observed between the movements of hungry and satiated beetles, although starved beetles tended to disperse shorter distances per move and turned back more often (especially P. niger). The significance of the various movement patterns exhibited by the species studied for their reproduction and survival on arable land is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 69 (1995), S. 415-420 
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Key words Intercellular communication ; Cytochrome P450 ; Cigarette smoke condensate ; High tar ; Low tar ; Nicotine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) is a predictive short term test for tumor promoting activity. A new metabolic cooperation assay has been developed, which takes the cytochrome P-450 metabolism into account. In this assay the inhibitory activity of tobacco smoke condensates (CSC) and CSC fractions from high and low tar cigarettes was tested. CSC of both high and low tar cigarettes and fractions thereof contained tumor promoting activity. The tar yield of the cigarettes did not closely reflect the effects in the GJIC assay and the major constituent nicotine had no effect. The effect was only marginally greater in cells expressing different cytochrome P-450 enzymes, indicating that the active substances are not metabolized by these enzymes. The activities of CSC fractions were considerably lower than the activities in the unfractionated CSC. This may indicate that compounds in the CSC act stronglysynergistically. Furthermore, CSC and CSC fractions synergistically inhibit GJIC with the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, indicating different mechanisms of action.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Constructive approximation 15 (1999), S. 619-621 
    ISSN: 1432-0940
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract. No abstract.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Constructive approximation 12 (1996), S. 157-159 
    ISSN: 1432-0940
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Constructive approximation 14 (1998), S. 209-229 
    ISSN: 1432-0940
    Keywords: Key words. Orthogonal polynomials, Asymptotic behavior, Padé and Padé-type approximants, Markov functions. AMS Classification. 42C05, 41A21, 30E10. 〈lsiheader〉 〈onlinepub〉8 May, 1998 〈editor〉Editors-in-Chief: &lsilt;a href=../edboard.html#chiefs&lsigt;R.A. DeVore, E.B. Saff&lsilt;/a&lsigt; 〈pdfname〉14n2p209.pdf 〈pdfexist〉yes 〈htmlexist〉no 〈htmlfexist〉no 〈texexist〉yes 〈sectionname〉 〈/lsiheader〉
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract. Let p n be the n th orthonormal polynomial with respect to a positive finite measure μ supported by Δ=[-1,1] . It is well known that, uniformly on compact subsets of C/Δ , \liminf_{n\to\infty}|p_n(z)|^{1/n}\ge e^{g_\Omega(z)} and, for a large class of measures μ , \lim_{n\to\infty}|p_n(z)|^{1/n}=e^{g_\Omega(z)}, where g Ω (z) is Green's function of $\Omega=\overline{{\bf C}}\backslash \Delta$ with pole at infinity. It is also well known that these limit relations give convergence of the diagonal Padé approximants of the Markov function f(z)=\int_{-1}^1{d\mu(t)\over z-t} to f on Ω with a certain geometric speed measured by g Ω (z) . We prove corresponding results when we restrict the freedom of p n by preassigning some of the zeros. This means that the Padé approximants are replaced by Padé-type approximants where some of the poles are preassigned. We also replace Δ by general compact subsets of C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Accreditation and quality assurance 1 (1996), S. 163-170 
    ISSN: 1432-0517
    Keywords: Key words Quality assurance ; Accreditation ; Analytical food laboratory ; Quality standards for testing laboratories
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  Most sophisticated products require testing for compliance with specifications and safety regulations before release into many markets, and trade in many simpler commodities and products also requires supporting technical information. Test documentation has become an essential element in this trade. Food intended for human consumption certainly falls into the "sophisticated products" category. Lack of acceptance of laboratory test data across national borders may be a significant barrier to trade. In order to avoid such barriers and unnecessary duplication of laboratory tests, mutual recognition of laboratory results should be regarded as an important means of facilitating international trade in food products. It is difficult to envisage recognition of test data across borders without internationally agreed criteria for assessing the competence of testing. These criteria should, as a minimum, require that a laboratory involved in the analysis of foods operates a suitable quality system. The laboratory must create a quality system appropriate to the type, range and volume of work performed. It is necessary for the elements of this system to be documented in a quality manual which is available for use by the laboratory personnel. The quality manual must be kept up-to-date by a person or persons having responsibility for quality assurance within the laboratory. This paper describes and discusses the elements of a quality system in a food laboratory, including suitable quality assurance measures, the use of validated analytical methods and participation in proficiency testing schemes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 65 (1992), S. 129-140 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Coleoptera ; Carabidae ; Bembidion lampros ; Pterostichus cupreus ; P. melanarius ; diet ; egg production ; egg size variation ; pirimicarb ; fat reserves
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Egg size was measured at different rates of egg laying in three polyphagous carabid species, known to be useful predators of cereal aphids; the small Bembidion lampros Herbst and the medium-sized Pterostichus cupreus L. and P. melanarius Illiger. Variations in fecundity, as well as the ability of the medium-sized species to also build up fat reserves, were obtained when beetles were subjected to different dietary regimes consisting of aphids, or foods with a lower or higher protein content. Egg size was found to be dependent on the rate of egg laying within a species. A diet of cereal aphids appeared to be adequate for egg production in these polyphagous carabids, but female P. cupreus were unable to build up fat reserves when they ingested aphids contaminated with the aphicide pirimicarb. Beetles were able to devote resources to more and larger eggs (B. lampros), or to larger eggs and/or fat reserves (P. melanarius/P. cupreus) when given access to a carbohydrate-rich food with low protein content. The highest rate of egg laying was obtained when female P. cupreus and P. melanarius were given a more varied diet at frequent intervals; including regular shifts between unsprayed aphids, carbohydrate-rich food and protein-rich maggots. Within the varied diet treatment a negative relationship was obtained between egg size and egg number among similar-sized individuals of P. cupreus and P. melanarius; females producing the largest number also laid the smallest eggs. Egg size affected larval survival, since first instars hatching from large eggs were found to survive longer than those hatching from small eggs. The influence of differences in food intake on reproduction, maintenance metabolism, and survival of fieldinhabiting carabids is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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