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  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: stress protein induction ; HSP25 ; intracellular location ; isolated perfused heart ; hyperthermia ; contractile function
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Recent investigations concentrate on the correlation between the myocardial expression of the inducible 70-kDa heat shock protein (HSP70i) by different stress conditions and its possible protective effects. Only few studies have focused on the involvement of small heat shock proteins in this process. We analyzed the location of the small heat shock protein HSP25 in isolated cardiomyocytes as well as its location and induction in isolated perfused hearts of rats. By immunofluorescence microscopy HSP25 was found to colocalize with actin in the I-band of myofibrils in cardiomyocytes of isolated perfused hearts as well as in isolated neonatal and adult cardiomyocytes. Hyperthermic perfusion of isolated hearts for 45 min resulted in modulation of different parameters of heart function and in induction of HSP25 and HSP70i. Temperatures higher than 43°C (44–46°C) were lethal with respect to the contractile function of the hearts. Compared to control hearts perfused at 37°C, significant increases during hyperthermic perfusion at 42°C and 43°C were obtained for heart rate, contraction velocity and relaxation velocity. In response to hyperthermia at 43°C and after subsequent normothermic perfusion for 135 min at 37°C, left ventricular pressure, contraction velocity and relaxation velocity remained significantly elevated. However, heart rate returned to control values immediately after the period of heat treatment. HSP25 is constitutively expressed even in normothermic perfused hearts as shown by Western blotting. Hyperthermia increased the content of HSP25 only in the left ventricular tissue. In contrast, HSP70i was strongly induced in all analyzed parts of the myocardium (left ventricle, right ventricle, septum). Our findings suggest a differential regulation of HSP25 and HSP70i expression in response to hyperthermia in isolated perfused hearts. The constitutively expressed HSP25 seems to be located adjacent to the myofibrils which implies a specific role of this protein even under unstressed conditions for the contractile function of the myocardium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 160-161 (1996), S. 47-52 
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: calcium channel ; glycosylation inhibitor ; cultured cardiac cells ; dihydropyridine receptors ; glycoproteins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In primary cultures of neonatal rat heart cells we found a linear correlation between the number of L-type calcium channel-specific dihydropyridine (DHP) binding sites and spontaneous beating frequency (v). Formation of glycoproteins in tissue culture was suppressed by different inhibitors of N-glycosylation. This inhibition alters to a different extent the binding of the DHP ligand (+)-[methyl-3H]PN 200-110 and v. The most severe but reversible effect occurs at 6 μg/ml tunicamycin (Bmax ≈ 45% and v ≈ 6%, resp., of control), a slight increase in Bmax at 0.1–0.5 mM castanospermine and 0.05–2.5 mM deoxymannojirimycin. The other inhibitors gave no significant alterations of Bmax.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 102 (1991), S. 35-47 
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: lactate ; arachidonic acid ; phospholipase A2 ; lipoxygenase ; 15-HETE ; beta-adrenergic receptor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Incubation of rocker-cultured neonatal rat heart cells with 3 mM L(+)-lactate led to a sharp increase in the sensitivity of cardiomyocytes to the beta-adrenergic agonist isoprenaline, as measured by their chronotropic response. This effect was accompanied by a reduction in the arachidonic acid content of the total phospholipids. The phospholipase A2-activator melittin as well as free arachidonic acid induced this supersensitivity to the same degree. On the other hand, the L(+)-lactate-evoked supersensitivity could be blocked by the phospholipase A2 inhibitors mepacrine and n-bromophenacyl-bromide, suggesting an involvement of phospholipase A2 in the process of beta-adrenergic sensitization. The sensitizing action of arachidonic acid was blocked by the lipoxygenase inhibitors esculetin and nordihydroguaiaretic acid, but not by the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin. Supersensitivity was likewise evoked by 15-S-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-S-HETE), but not by 5-S-HPETE or 5-S-HETE. These findings suggest that the phospholipase A2-15-lipoxygenase pathway plays a role in the induction of beta-adrenergic supersensitivity in the cultured cardiomyocytes and point to a new physiological role of the lipoxygenase product 15-S-HETE.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: Na,K-ATPase ; localization ; immunofluorescence ; immunoelectron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract By indirect immunofluorescence and preembedding peroxidase-diaminobenzidine technique the localization of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies against α1, α2 and α3 isoforms of the Na,K-ATPase were studied in rat myocardium. The α1-subunit was identified predominantly on sarcolemma of cultured myocytes, neonatal, as well as adult cardiocytes. The α2 signal was localized around nuclei of cultured cardiocytes, very weak signals were seen in neonatal and more intense signal, were dispersed throughout the adult myocytes. The α3-subunit immunoreactivity was weak and localized in cell processes connecting individual cultured cells, on sarcolemma and intercalated discs of neonatal cells and very weak in adult working myocytes. Cytochemically demonstrated ouabain resistant Na,K-ATPase localized in junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum may represent α1 isoenzyme which is directly involved in modulation of action potential fluxes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: growth inhibitor ; modulation of beta-adrenergic response ; rat neonatal heart muscle cells ; lipid binding ; fatty acid-binding protein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary ‘Mammary-derived growth inhibitor (MDGI)’ is a 14.5 kDa polypeptide with growth-inhibitory activity for various mammary epithelial cells in vitro which is highly homologous to cardiac fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP). Here we describe a new biological activity of MDGI: Inhibition of L(+)-lactate-, arachidonic acid- and 15-S-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid-induced supersensitivity of neonatal rat heart cells for beta-adrenergic stimulation, concerning particularly a small population of beta2 receptors. Synthetic peptides corresponding to the MDGI-sequence, residue 121–131 mimic the effect of MDGI. Measurements of lipid-binding to MDGI and synthetic peptides excluded the binding of arachidonic acid, 15-S-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid or beta-adrenergic agonists to MDGI or the peptides as the mechanism for this effect. Also, no direct interference of MDGI and the synthetic peptides with the binding of the beta-adrenergic agent CGP 12177 to its receptor on A431 cells could be detected. We suggest that MDGI and the peptides act by interference with the function of the beta2-adrenergic receptor and that this mechanism might also be relevant for the growth-inhibitory activity of MDGI. Furthermore, the data point to a possible function of H-FABP for the modulation of beta-adrenergic sensitivity of cardiac myocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1615-6692
    Keywords: Key Words Dilated cardiomyopathy ; Chagas' disease ; Autoantibodies ; β1-adrenoceptor ; Muscarinic M2-receptor ; Schlüsselwörter Dilatative Kardiomyopathie ; Chagas-Erkrankung ; Autoantikörper ; β1-adrenerger Rezeptor ; Muskarinerger Rezeptor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Seren von Patienten mit idiopathischer dilatativer Kardiomyopathie und der in Süd- und Mittelamerika endemischen Chagas-Erkrankung enthalten Autoantikörper, die gegen den β1-adrenergen und/oder den muskarinergen Acetylcholinrezeptor M2 gerichtet sind. Diese Antikörper sind in der Lage, die β1-adrenerge bzw. muskarinerge Signalkaskade zu beeinflussen. Die β1-adrenergen Antikörper induzieren in spontan pulsierenden Rattenherzmyozyten einen positiv chronotropen Effekt, der durch β1-adrenerge Antagonisten geblockt werden kann. Des Weiteren kann dieser agonistische Effekt durch Peptide, die der ersten bzw. zweiten extrazellulären Schleife des humanen β1-adrenergen Rezeptors entsprechen, neutralisiert werden. Bei Patienten mit dilatativer Kardiomyopathie sind Antikörper gegen die erste oder zweite extrazelluläre Schleife des Rezeptors gerichtet und wurden mit Hilfe eines empfindlichen funktionellen Testsystems in 70 bis 80% der Patientenseren nachgewiesen. Bei der Chagas-Kardiomyopathie erkennen die Antikörper ein Epitop auf der zweiten extrazellulären Schleife und sind bei 29% der untersuchten Patienten nachweisbar. Antikörper gegen den muskarinergen Acetulcholinrezeptor M2 konnten sowohl in den Seren von Patienten mit dilatativer Kardiomyopathie als auch in den Seren von Chagas-Patienten gefunden werden. Diese Antikörper induzieren in den kultivierten Kardiomyozyten ebenfalls einen agonistischen Effekt. Eine Stimulation mit diesen Antikörpern führt zu einem negativ chronotropen Effekt, der durch den Antagonisten Atropin aufgehoben werden kann. Bei der dilatativen Kardiomyopathie konnte dieser Antikörper bei 36 bis 50% der untersuchten Patienten nachgewiesen werden. Bei der Chagas-Kardiomyopathie liegt die Zahl der Anti-M2-Rezeptor-positiven Patienten bei 77%. Im Gegensatz zu den β1-adrenergen und muskarinergen M2-Rezeptor-Agonisten Isoprenalin und Carbachol, die eine “Downregulation” der entsprechenden Signalkaskaden induzieren können, fehlt den Antikörpern die Induktion dieser Tachyphylaxie. Basierend auf diesen Befunden wäre es denkbar, dass den funktionellen β1-adrenergen und muskarinergen M2-Rezeptor-Antikörpern eine Rolle in der Pathogenese der dilatativen Kardiomyopathie und der Chagas-Kardiomyopathie zukommen könnte.
    Notes: Abstract The sera of patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and the Chagas' disease contain agonist-like autoantibodies directed against the β1-adrenoceptor and/or the muscarinic M2-receptor. The anti-β1-adrenoceptor antibodies could be directed against amino acid sequences of the first or second extracellular loop. In patients with dilated cardiomyopathy the first as well as the second extracellular loop was identified as an antibody epitope. In Chagas' disease the anti-β1-adrenoceptor antibody recognizes only 1 epitope on the second extracellular loop. The anti-β1-adrenoceptor antibodies acting like the β-adrenergic agonist isoprenaline and exert a positive chronotropic effect in cultured rat cardiomyocytes. In contrast to isoprenaline the antibody caused no downregulation of the β-adrenergic signal transduction cascade within 6 hours. The anti-M2-receptor antibodies recognize in both diseases an epitope on the second extracellular loop. The anti-M2-receptor antibody exert a negative chronotropic response in cultured cardiomyocytes. This antibody induced no downregulation of the muscarinic M2-receptor. The negative chronotropic effect was unabated for 6 hours. Based on these findings it is believed that the agonist-like autoantibodies that act against the β1-adrenoceptor and the muscarinic M2-receptor may play a role in the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy and Chagas' disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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