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  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Psychische Krankheiten ; Allgemeinkrankenhaus ; Aufenthaltsdauer ; Prävalenz ; Key words Psychiatric disorders ; General hospital inpatients ; Length of stay ; Prevalence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Several studies from anglo-american countries indicate that in non-psychiatric hospital departments mentally ill patients have a longer length of hospital stay than mentally well, while in Austria and Germany, until now, no studies concerning this question exist. Therefore, we investigated the influence of psychiatric comorbidity on the length of stay in 608 patients of medical, surgical and gynecological departments in Vienna and Tyrol. Based on the Clinical Interview Schedule, 28.1% of the patients in this sample suffered from psychiatric disorders. The presence of psychiatric disorders, as well as type of hospital department (medical department), higher age, more previous non-psychiatric treatment periods, and more somatic diagnoses predicted a longer duration of inpatient treatment. To avoid the influence of cofounding variables, psychiatric cases were matched with psychiatric non-cases. The mentally ill group was treated for a markedly longer period as inpatients than the mentally well. Patients with a diagnosis of dementia or of substance abuse showed a significantly increased length of stay, while we could not confirm this for other psychiatric diagnoses.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Vor allem aus dem angloamerikanischen Raum existieren zahlreiche Hinweise darauf, daß an nichtpsychiatrischen Krankenhausabteilungen psychisch Kranke länger als psychisch Gesunde aufgenommen sind. In Österreich und Deutschland liegen zu dieser Frage bislang aber keine Studien vor. An 608 Patienten von internen, chirurgischen und gynäkologischen Abteilungen in Wien und Tirol wurde der Einfluß psychiatrischer Komorbidität auf die Aufenthaltsdauer untersucht. Unter psychischen Erkrankungen entsprechend der Clinical Interview Schedule litten insgesamt 28,1%. Neben dem Vorhandensein einer psychischen Krankheit zeigten der Abteilungstyp (interne Abteilung), ein höheres Lebensalter, mehrere frühere nichtpsychiatrische Krankenhausbehandlungen und eine höhere Anzahl somatischer Diagnosen einen signifikanten Zusammenhang mit einer längeren Aufenthaltsdauer. Um den Einfluß dieser konfundierenden Faktoren auszuschließen, wurden parallelisierte Gruppen psychiatrische Fälle und Nichtfälle gebildet. Die Gruppe aller psychisch Kranken war deutlich länger in stationärer Behandlung als die der psychisch Gesunden. Personen mit Demenzerkrankungen und mit Abhängigkeitserkrankungen waren dabei signifikant länger aufgenommen, während dies für andere psychiatrische Diagnosen nicht bestätigt werden konnte.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1433-9285
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A total of 728 patients admitted to the medical, gynaecological and surgical departments of one urban and one rural general hospital in Austria were investigated for psychiatric morbidity. Using the Clinical Interview Schedule and its case criteria, the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity was found to be highest in medical departments (38.2%), followed by surgical departments (32.5%), and lowest in gynaecological departments (20.7%). Among medical and surgical patients, dementia and substance abuse disorders were the most frequent psychiatric categories, while in gynaecological departments neurotic disorders showed the highest frequency. For the sample as a whole, single status (i.e. unmarried, widowed or divorced), lower social class and rural catchment area of the general hospital predicted a high prevalence of psychiatric morbidity in a logistic regression analysis, while complications of childbirth, pregnancy or the puerperium, and diseases of the skin or the musculoskeletal system showed a negative association with psychiatric illness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology 33 (1998), S. 74-79 
    ISSN: 1433-9285
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Several studies have shown that psychiatric disorders are common in nursing homes, but information on the course of psychiatric morbidity shortly after admission is still lacking. Therefore, we interviewed 262 residents of Austrian nursing homes within 2 weeks following admission, and a second time after 6 months. Using the Clinical Interview Schedule and its case criteria, prevalence was 76.3% at admission, and 69.9% 6 months later. In the intervening period, the mortality rate was markedly higher among psychiatric cases, and the incidence of new psychiatric cases (5.9%) was slightly lower than the rate of remission (8.6%). At both assessments, organic mental illness was the most frequent diagnosis. Nursing home residents suffering from psychiatric disorders were treated predominantly by general practitioners applying a psychotropic drug regimen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 134 (1997), S. 115-120 
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Key words Nursing home ; Psychotropic drugs ; Prevalence ; Psychiatric morbidity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract While several surveys have shown that psychotropic drugs are frequently used by nursing home residents, no studies have been performed to investigate whether the rates of drug use increase during the stay in nursing homes or whether residents have taken these drugs already before admission. Therefore, we investigated 262 residents admitted to rural and urban nursing homes in Austria for prevalence of psychotropic drug intake before admission, shortly after admission, and 6 months later. Two weeks after admission, 72.1% of the residents were being treated with psychotropics, while 6 months later 79.0% were receiving these drugs. The significantly higher rates of psychotropic drug use among the psychiatrically ill and in those suffering from sleeping problems suggest that these drugs were prescribed aptly, but residents without appropriate criteria for drug intake were often also treated with psychotropics. During 3 months before admission to nursing homes, 45.5% of the sample reported having taken psychotropics. In more than half of residents without drug intake before admission, psychotropic treatment was initiated within the first 2 weeks after admission, while during the first 6 months after admission the rate of drug use increased only slightly. This suggests that a large percentage of psychotropic intake is due to nursing home orders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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