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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transverse shrinkage anisotropy of coniferous wood investigated by the power spectrum analysis (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of wood science 44 (1998), S. 9-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1611-4663
    Keywords: Radiata pine ; Cell shrinkage ; Shrinkage anisotropy ; Power spectrum analysis ; Two-layered model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The transverse shrinkage behavior of early wood and late wood tracheids of radiata pine (Pinus radiata D. Don) was investigated by the power spectrum analysis. The representative cell model shapes before and after shrinkage constructed by the analysis revealed that the early wood tracheid showed anisotropic shrinkage, although the late wood tracheid showed almost isotropic shrinkage. To link the macroscopic shrinkage of coniferous wood with the results obtained by the power spectrum analysis, a two-layer model composed of early wood and late wood was adopted, and the relation between shrinkage anisotropy and late wood fraction was predicted. The results suggested that the shrinkage anisotropy depended significantly on the mechanical interaction between early and late wood.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00521868
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Liquid penetration of precompressed wood VI: Anatomical characterization of pit fractures (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of wood science 44 (1998), S. 158-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1611-4663
    Keywords: Pit ; Refractory wood ; Precompression treatment ; Liquid penetration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Pit fractures of refractory coniferous heartwoods caused by precompression in the radial direction were investigated and are discussed in terms of improved liquid penetration. Small cracks appeared at the boundary between the torus and margo, along the outer margin of the margo, and on the torus when specimens were compressed and deformation was fixed by drying. The remarkable cracks were generally observed for Cryptomeria japonica D. Don. Pseudotsuga menziesii Franco showed peculiar detachment of the torus from the pit border, and Larix leptolepis Gordon exhibited only small cracks on the torus. These fractures patterns were clearer when the precompressed specimens were recovered by water impregnation and then redried.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00526263
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Drying and anatomical characteristics of sugi wood attacked by bacteria during pond storage (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of wood science 44 (1998), S. 432-437 
    Details
    ISSN: 1611-4663
    Keywords: Bacterial degradation ; Log pond-storage ; Water movement ; Drying property
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Seven species of bacteria were isolated and identified from ponded sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) logs, and six species showed potent wood-degrading activities. To evaluate the effects of these isolated bacteria on the drying and anatomical characteristics of wood, small fresh blocks of sugi were immersed in water suspensions containing bacteria for 1–7 months. The permeability and drying properties were evidently improved. Most of the encrusting substances adhering to the cell lumens and the pit chambers were removed, and the pit membranes were destroyed. These anatomical changes due to bacterial activity were assumed to improve the permeability of sugi wood.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00833406
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improvement of penetrability of sugi wood by impregnation of bacteria using sap-flow method (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of wood science 44 (1998), S. 482-485 
    Details
    ISSN: 1611-4663
    Keywords: Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) ; Sap-flow method ; Bacterial degradation ; Penetrability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The sap flow method of wood impregnation was conducted to aid the movement of bacteria through the living tree, thereby accelerating their distribution through wood within a short time. When log-pond water containing mixed species of bacteria were introduced in the living trees by butt-end dipping and then laid horizontally for 6 months, bacteria could be delivered by sap flow vertically through the sapwood tracheids up to the high portions from the butt-end of trees; they could be detected in the ray parenchymal cells. The sap-flow method was assumed to deliver the bacteria to sapwood and heartwood at high levels of standing sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) trees. Degradation of the pit membranes was observed even at more than 3 m upward from the butt-end after the treatment in sapwood, as well as around the butt-end of the trees. The uptake of the aqueous dye solutions in sapwood of the treated logs were about eight times more than those of control specimens after 8h.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00833414
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell wall thickness and tangential Young's modulus in coniferous early wood (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of wood science 46 (2000), S. 109-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1611-4663
    Keywords: Tangential Young's modulus ; Wood cell model ; Cell wall thickness ; Cell corner
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract To investigate the effect of wall thickening around cell corners on the tangential Young's modulus of coniferous early wood, tapered beam cell models in which the variation of the cell wall thickness in the axial direction was taken into account were constructed for seven species. Their tangential Young's moduli were compared with the experimental results. The calculated Young's moduli of tapered beam cell models were larger than those of the models composed of the cell walls with uniform thickness, although both models showed almost the same density. For some species the calculated Young's moduli of the models in which the cell wall thickness increased curvilinearly in the axial direction were much closer to the experimental values. The reduction of the radial cell wall deflection due to the increase of the stiffness around cell corners was considered to increase the tangential Young's modulus of a wood cell.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00777356
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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