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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene melanin in three halophilic black yeasts grown under saline and non-saline conditions (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 232 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The ascomycetous black yeasts Hortaea werneckii, Phaeotheca triangularis, and Trimmatostroma salinum are halophilic fungi that inhabit hypersaline water of solar salterns. They are characterized by slow, meristematic growth and very thick, darkly pigmented cell walls. The dark pigment, generally thought to be melanin, is consistently present in their cell walls when they grow under saline and non-saline conditions. We used the inhibitor tricyclazole to test the fungi in this study for the presence of 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN)-melanin biosynthesis, since fungal melanins reportedly are derived either from DHN, tyrosine via 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, γ-glutaminyl-3,4-dihydroxybenzene, or catechol. Tricyclazole-treated cultures of the fungi were reddish-brown in color and contained typical intermediates of the DHN-melanin pathway, as demonstrated by high-performance liquid chromatography. This investigation showed that the three fungi synthesized DHN-melanin under saline and non-saline growth conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1097(04)00073-4
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pentaketide metabolites of melanin synthesis in the dematiaceous fungus Wangiella dermatitidis (1984)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 137 (1984), S. 324-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Wangiella dermatitidis ; Melanin ; Pigments ; Pentaketides ; Cell walls ; Scytalone ; Flaviolin ; 1,8-Dihydroxynaphthalene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Melanin synthesis in the dematiaceous, polymorphic hyphomycete Wangiella dermatitidis, a human pathogen, was investigated by biochemical and physiological techniques. Mutants with a decrease or loss in melanin synthesis were induced and isolated. Melanin precursors were obtained from the mutants, purified, and then identified by comparison with authentic compounds from Verticillium dahliae. Isolation of scytalone, vermelone, flaviolin, and 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene from the mutants of Wangiella dermatitidis, and cross-feeding of the mutants with those of Verticillium dahliae indicated that melanin synthesis in this organism took place by the pentaketide pathway. Melanin that formed in cell walls of an albino mutant treated with scytalone was identical in appearance to that in cell walls of the wild-type strain. This also suggested that pentaketide synthesis of melanin occurred in the fungus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00410729
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Melanin biosynthesis and the metabolism of flaviolin and 2-hydroxyjuglone inWangiella dermatitidis (1985)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 142 (1985), S. 234-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Chromoblastomycosis ; Enzymes ; Flaviolin ; 2-Hydroxyjuglone ; Melanin ; Metabolism ; Pathogen ; Pigments ; Tricyclazole ; Wangiella dermatitidis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Melanin biosynthesis in the human pathogenWangiella dermatitidis was inhibited by tricyclazole, causing pentaketide melanin metabolites to accumulate in the cultures. One of these metabolites, scytalone, was racemic and thus different than the (+)-enantiomer fromVerticillium dahliae. An albino mutant ofW. dermatitidis metabolized scytalone to a pigment ultrastructurally identical to wild-type melanin. Cell-free homogenates of the wild type carried out typical reductive and dehydrative reactions with known melanin intermediates and the reductive reactions were inhibited by tricyclazole. Other reductive and dehydrative reactions that utilize flaviolin and 2-hydroxyjuglone were studied anaerobically with homogenates from both the wild type and the albino mutant. The homogenates converted flaviolin to 5-hydroxyscytalone and products identical to those obtained from 2-hydroxyjuglone. The albino, in culture, carried out the same reactions with 2-hydroxyjuglone but metabolized flaviolin to a number of unknown colored products apparently through oxidative reactions. Similarities between the melanin pathway and the flaviolin and 2-hydroxyjuglone branch pathways are discussed and tricyclazole is shown to inhibit reductive reactions with naphthols in the three pathways.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00693396
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