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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    pH Regulation in tissue-cultured bovine lens epithelial cells (1992)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 129 (1992), S. 179-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Lens pH ; pH regulation ; bicarbonate ; BCECF ; Cl−-HCO 3 - ; exchanger
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The intracellular pH (pH i ) of tissue-cultured bovine lens epithelial cells was measured in small groups of 6 to 10 cells using the trapped fluorescent dye 2′,7′-bis-(2-,carboxyethyl)-5 (and 6)carboxyfluorescein (BCECF). When perifused at 35°C with artificial aqueous humour solution (AAH) containing 16 mM HCO 3 - and 5% CO2, pH 7.25, pH i was 7.19±0.02 (sem, n = 95). On removing HCO 3 - and CO2 there was an initial transient alkalinization followed by a fall in pH to a steady value of 6.97±0.03 (sem, n = 54). Addition of 0.25 mM 4,4′-diisothiocyanatostilbene2, 2′-disulfonic acid (DIDS) to AAH containing HCO 3 - and CO2 led to a rapid and pronounced fall in pH. Exposure to Na+-free AAH again led to a marked fall in pH i , but in this case the addition of DIDS did not produce a further fall. Substitution of the impermeant anion gluconate for Cl− in the presence of HCO 3 - led to a rise in pH i , while substitution in the absence of HCO 3 - led to a fall in pH i . The above data indicate a significant role for a sodium-dependent Cl−-HCO 3 - exchange mechanism in the regulation of pH i . Addition of 1 mM amiloride to control AAH in both the presence and absence of HCO 3 - led to a marked fall in pH i , indicating that a Na+/H+ exchange mechanism also has a significant role in the regulation of pH i . There is evidence for a lactic acid transport mechanism in bovine lens cells, as addition of lactate to the external medium produced a rapid fall in pH i . Larger changes in pH i were observed in control compared to HCO 3 - -free AAH and in the latter case a pronounced alkalinizing overshoot was obtained on removing external lactate. Tissue-cultured bovine lens cells thus possess at least three membrane transport mechanisms that are involved in pH regulation. The buffering capacity of the lens cells was measured by perturbing pH i with either NH 4 + or procaine. The values obtained were similar in both cases and the intrinsic buffering capacity measured in the absence of external HCO 3 - was 5 mm/pH unit (procaine). However, in the presence of HCO 3 - and CO2 the buffer capacity increases approximately fourfold, indicating that HCO 3 - is the principal intracellular buffer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00219513
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Further comment on ‘complete response’ in breast cancer treatment (1986)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 8 (1986), S. 169-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01807708
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histological grade in predicting response to endocrine treatment (1986)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 8 (1986), S. 165-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: endocrine therapy ; estrogen receptor ; histological grade ; response ; survival
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01807706
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    206/207PB isotopic ratios applied to particulate transport processes-North eastern Irish Sea (1994)
    Springer
    Aquatic ecology 28 (1994), S. 353-358 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5125
    Keywords: Irish Sea ; lead isotopic ratio ; lead ; suspended particulate matter ; pollution ; transport processes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Samples of suspended particulate matter (SPM) were collected from the north eastern Irish Sea, under different tidal conditions. The SPM was extracted with 1M HCl and concentrations of Pb and stable isotopic ratios of Pb (206/207Pb) determined using atomic absorption spectrometry and ICP-MS. Lead concentrations were found to be in the range 49 to 115 μg g−1 for spring tides and 72 to 148 μg g−1 for neap tides. The206/207Pb ratios, which were between 1.140 and 1.194, were used to establish possible sources of SPM during the tidal cycle. Samples of surface sediments from along the coastline showed evidence of anthropogenic Pb contamination in the vicinity of Liverpool Bay, with low206/207Pb ratios of about 1.144, which increased northwards away from the estuary. The results are discussed in terms of the tidally-induced transport of SPM in the coastal boundary zone of the Irish Sea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02334204
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Particle sources and trace element reactivity in the Humber plume (1994)
    Springer
    Aquatic ecology 28 (1994), S. 359-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5125
    Keywords: Particles ; trace elements ; reactivity ; North Sea
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Samples of suspended particulate matter (SPM) collected from the Humber Estuary had higher concentrations of particulate metals than SPM from Holderness coastal waters (U.K.). Characterised SPM from both sources was used in laboratory experiments involving the uptake of radiotracer109Cd,137Cs,54Mn and65Zn. Kinetic experiments, over five days, showed that the rate and extent of uptake was highly dependent on particle type, with109Cd,54Mn and65Zn being more reactive with Humber Estuary particles than those from Holderness and137Cs having the opposite trend. Adsorption experiments were also carried out on suspensions in which SPM from the Humber Estuary and Holderness coastal water were mixed in various proportions. These experiments revealed that Kd for65Zn increased linearly with the proportion of Humber SPM, Kd for137Cs decreased linearly with increase in Humber SPM and Kd for54Mn and109Cd displayed non-linear behaviour. The results of the study were used to develop an algorithm for predicting the partition coefficients in the Humber Plume based on the extent of particle mixing from the two source regions. The use of206/207Pb ratios in determining the extent of particle mixing is discussed, along with the application of the algorithm to the modelling of particulate trace metal behaviour in the Humber-Wash coastal zone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02334205
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rate constants for ozone-alkene reactions under atmospheric conditions (1981)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 13 (1981), S. 209-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: By measuring the rates of decay of ozone in a large excess of reactant, second-order rate constants have been obtained for the reactions of ozone with ethene, propene, but-1-ene, trans-but-2-ene, isobutene, hex-1-ene, cyclopentene, cyclohexene, isoprene, vinyl fluoride, 1,1-difluoroethene, cis-1,2-difluoroethene, trans-1,2-difluoroethene, trifluoroethene, tetrafluoroethene, and 2,5—dihydrofuran. The reactions have been studied in synthetic air at atmospheric pressure and at temperatures of 294 and 260 K. The rate constants and Arrhenius parameters are discussed in relation to existing kinetic data on ozone-alkene reactions.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.550130210
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Smoke generators. I. The Ignition of Pyrotechnic White Smoke compositions containing hexachloroethane and silumin by means of an electrically heated coil (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics 7 (1982), S. 12-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 0721-3115
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The ignition by electrically heated coil of two smoke generators containing hexachloroethane and silumin, one of which also contains zinc oxide, has been investigated. The physical conditions of consolidation, that is pressing load (between 7.9 × 106 kg/m2 and 3.1 × 107 kg/m2) and diameter of container (between 1.27 cm and 2.54 cm), have been shown to have no effect on the ease of ignition of each mixture. Addition of zinc oxide increases the minimum temperature of ignition from about 443 K to about 973 K and the minimum heating rate for ignition from about 2.5 watt to about 8 watt. The effect of zinc oxide is believed to be chemical rather than physical in nature.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prep.19820070105
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Smoke generators. IV. The ignition of loose powder mixtures of pyrotechnic white smoke compositions containing hexachloroethane and silumin in sealed tubes (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics 9 (1984), S. 108-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 0721-3115
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A small sealed tube has been used to study the reaction between hexachloroethane and silumin, which is important in certain types of smoke generating pyrotechnics. Standard amounts were heated at 483 K in a 12-cm3 tube. Products identified were aluminium chloride and tetrachloroethylene. The effects of added oxides were noted. Zinc oxide, magnesium oxide and cupric oxide inhibited the reaction. Ferric oxide accelerated the reaction and stannous oxide, zirconium dioxide and titanium dioxide seemed to have little effect. Other substances found to inhibit the reaction were ammonium chloride, water and ortho-chloroaniline. Pentachloroethane was found as a product when water was present indicating the formation of pentachloroethyl radicals.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prep.19840090305
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Smoke Generators. II. The ignition of pyrotechnic white smoke compositions containing hexachlorethane, silumin and zinc oxide using a heated metal surface (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics 9 (1984), S. 1-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 0721-3115
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The ignition by hot plate of a series of smoke generators containing hexachloroethane, silumin and zinc oxide, has been investigated. Pellets of hexachloroethane/silumin of 1.27 cm and 1.91 cm diameter show no significant difference in ease of ignition. This mixture showed an increase in the minimum temperature of ignition at pressing loads below 7.9×106 kg/m2. The addition of zinc oxide progressively decreased the chance of ignition within short heating times (less than 100 seconds), but did not significantly alter the minimum temperature of ignition.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prep.19840090102
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Smoke generators. V. Thermochemical investigation of pyrotechnic white smoke compositions containing hexachloroethane and silumin (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics 9 (1984), S. 205-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 0721-3115
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Simultaneous differential thermal analysis with thermogravimetric analysis has shown that the inhibition of the ignition of silumin-hexachloroethane smoke generators by zinc oxide is not due to the adsorption of hexachloroethane vapour on zinc oxide. Analysis of this and previously reported evidence suggests a free radical mechanism for the reaction of aluminium with hexachloroethane. Zinc oxide inhibits this by competition for radicals.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prep.19840090606
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