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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 47 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This study was designed to evaluate the routine use of a gum elastic bougie for tracheal intubation. The median time to intubation with the gum elastic bougie while simulating an ‘epiglottis only’ view was only 10 s longer than the time taken during conventional intubation with an optimum view. Three of the patients required a gum elastic bougie-assisted intubation after attempts at conventional visual intubation had failed. There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative sore throat and hoarseness between the two groups. We recommend that anaesthetists should use the gum elastic bougie whenever a good view of the glottis is not immediately obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) is an endothelial cell mitogen and serves as a mitogen and/or differentiating factor that can be neuroprotective for other cell types within the CNS. We established brain microvascular endothelial cell lines that secrete FGF-1 with the ultimate goal of examining their usefulness as a cellular platform for FGF gene delivery to brain. A chimeric gene consisting of the secretory sequence of FGF-4 linked at the 5′ end of human FGF-1 (sp-hst/KS3:FGF-1) was transfected into rat microvascular endothelial cells previously altered to express the lacZ reporter gene (RBEZ), and numerous clones were found to secrete FGF-1 (RBEZ-FGF). Immunoblotting of conditioned medium demonstrated an 18-kDa protein corresponding to FGF-1. Conditioned medium from RBEZ-FGF cells enhanced [3H]thymidine incorporation in BALB/c3T3 fibroblasts by up to sevenfold when compared with conditioned medium of control cell lines, corresponding to as much as 110 ng of active FGF-1/mg of cell protein/24 h. RBEZ-FGF cell lines remained contact-inhibited and proliferated independent of exogenous endothelial mitogens, in contrast to control lines that are mitogen-dependent. Incubation of PC12 cells with RBEZ-FGF cells or their conditioned medium induced neurite outgrowth by PC12 cells. RBEZ-FGF cells survived following implantation to neonatal and adult rat caudate-putamen for at least 21 days based on 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl β-d-galactopyranoside (X-gal) histochemistry, and FGF-1 gene expression by these cells in vivo was demonstrated by in situ hybridization and reverse transcriptase-PCR. These findings suggest that endothelial cells may be useful for FGF gene delivery to the CNS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1520-4804
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of medicinal chemistry 33 (1990), S. 31-38 
    ISSN: 1520-4804
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 6090-6092 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have investigated the effect of ion modification of multilayer growth and ion etching of multilayer interfaces on perpendicular anisotropy and giant magnetoresistance in sputter deposited Co/Pt and Co/Cu multilayers. These two properties are thought to be particularly sensitive to the form of the interface profile in multilayers. We find that the ion-assisted deposition conditions used degrade both perpendicular anisotropy and GMR through interface smoothing and mixing. In contrast, thermal annealing and first experiments in ion etching show that GMR can be increased by smoothing of the Co/Cu interfaces.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 109 (1998), S. 9859-9869 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The atomic motions responsible for features seen in the spectra of network-forming liquids above the relaxational frequency domain are conventionally described as vibrational, with the nature of the vibrational modes described either as local vibrations of the tetrahedral units of the network or as extended, phonon-like vibrations, depending on the standpoint of the observer. The validity of these apparently conflicting pictures of the atomic motions is examined by an instantaneous normal mode (INM) analysis of the network-forming liquid ZnCl2. Projections of the INM eigenvectors onto the idealized modes provides a way of quantifying the relationship between the actual and idealized modes. It is shown that individual INMs do not remotely conform to the modes envisaged in the simple pictures. Nevertheless, at the more coarse-grained level of identifying contributions to the density of states, the simple pictures do provide a qualitative guide to the character of the features which are observed. These findings apply to the modes calculated with several different models of the interactions, and appear to be fairly general. A detailed examination of the nature of the INMs which appear in the frequency domain of the boson peak observed in ZnCl2 is carried out and it is shown that these modes have a mixed acoustic wave and local torsional character. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 110 (1999), S. 4803-4811 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The light scattering (Raman) spectrum of ZnCl2 has been calculated in a computer simulation directly from molecular dynamics and by using an instantaneous normal modes (INM) approach. Good agreement between the spectra is reported. The calculations use a realistic model for the fluctuating polarizability of ZnCl2, derived from earlier work on simpler ionic melts. This contains several mechanisms which couple the radiation field to the ionic motion—short-range, dipole-induced dipole and hyperpolarization. INM analysis of ZnCl2 has previously shown how the character of the underlying vibrational modes changes across the density of states. Here it is shown that the efficiency of the coupling of a given mode to the radiation field depends strongly on its character and on the polarizability mechanism, so that the Raman spectra predicted for the different mechanisms differ markedly. A consequence is that the discrete Raman bands observed at high frequency in the polarized spectrum do not coincide with the spectrum of the localized, quasi-molecular ZnCl4 units of the network. Furthermore, the "light-vibration" coupling, relating the reduced Raman spectrum to the underlying vibrational density of states, is appreciably frequency dependent and different for each mechanism. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 108 (1998), S. 9027-9038 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The dynamic structure factors, S(Q,ω), at a range of scattering vectors (Q) in the range 0.2〈Q〈3.0 Å−1 are calculated in a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of the viscous, network-forming liquid, ZnCl2. At intermediate Q (0.2〈Q〈0.5 Å−1), Brillouin features, with shifts and widths proportional to Q and Q2, respectively, are observed. These features persist above the frequency of the "boson peak," in apparent discord with some suggestions for its origin. At high values of Q, close to the first peak of the static structure factor, a Q-dependent feature is seen in the inelastic part of S(Q,ω). This is analogous to a recent experimental observation on the similar, network-forming system B2O3 which was assigned to a "sound mode" contribution. An instantaneous normal mode (INM) analysis was applied to understand the relationship between these observations and the nature of the underlying modes of the liquid. The INM analysis accurately reproduces the observed (in MD) behavior of S(Q,ω) but does not support the existence of well-defined, plane-wave-like sound modes in the fluid in the relevant régimes of Q and ω. Alternative explanations of the origin of the Brillouin and S(Q)-dependent features are proposed on the basis of the INM results, and results related to the origin of the boson peak in the density of states are presented. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 104 (1996), S. 8068-8081 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A representation of the short-range repulsion energy in an ionic system is described which allows for the fact that an ion may be compressed by its neighbours. The total energy of the system is expressed in a pairwise additive form, but the interionic interactions have a many-body character. The form of this representation and the parameters required to represent MgO and CaO are obtained from recent ab-initio electronic structure calculations. The fact that the representation is transferable between crystals with different coordination number is demonstrated by direct comparison with ab-initio results on the different crystal types. Comparison with experimental results on the equation of state of different isomorphs and on the location of the pressure of the transition between them confirms the accuracy of the ab-initio results and of the potential derived from them in representing perfect crystal properties. A computationally efficient molecular dynamics (MD) scheme may be derived for this representation. The additional degrees of freedom which represent the varying ionic radii are constrained to their adiabatic values in the course of the simulation by an adaptation of Car and Parrinello's method. The MD scheme is used to examine whether an ab-initio parameterized potential model which allows for the spherical compression of an oxide ion by its neighbours and for dipole polarization effects is a sufficiently good representation of the interactions in MgO to allow an accurate calculation of the phonon dispersion curves. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical psychology 11 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2850
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Psychology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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