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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 109 (1987), S. 7235-7236 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 110 (1988), S. 3272-3278 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 111 (1989), S. 2225-2230 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The crystal structure of arene 3 and heteroarenes 4, 5 has been determined by X-ray diffraction. Steric overcrowding in the vic-tri-tert-butyl-substituted part of the molecules causes the aromatic rings to deviate strongly from planarity. Unsymmetrical boat conformations are found in all cases (bow and stern angles: 30.1 and 11.6° in 3, 25.5 and 12.9° in 4), the boat in 5 being rather twisted. Compound 3 represents the most strongly deformed non-bridged and non-condensed benzene derivative for which experimental data are available. Phosphinine 5 has the most distorted non-bridged and non-condensed 6π aromatic system known so far.
    Notes: Die Kristallstruktur der Arene bzw. Heteroarene 3, 4 und 5 wurde durch Röntgenbeugung bestimmt. Die mit dem vic-Tri-tert-butyl-Substitutionsmuster verbundene räumliche überfüllung führt zu einer starken Abweichung der aromatischen Ringe von der Planarität. In allen Fällen liegen unsymmetrische Bootkonformationen vor (Bug- und Heckwinkel: 30.1 und 11.6° in 3, 25.5 und 12.9° in 4), wovon die in 5 stark verdrillt ist. Die Verbindung 3 ist das am stärksten deformierte, nichtüberbrückte und nichtkondensierte Benzolderivat, für das bislang experimentelle Strukturdaten vorliegen; das Phosphinin 5 ist der am meisten verzerrte 6π-Aromat dieser Art überhaupt.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The methyl cyclobutadienecarboxylate 1a adds methyl propiolate (2a) to the regioisomeric Dewar benzenes 3a (73%) and 4a (19%). In contrast, the corresponding tert-butyl carboxylate 1b reacts with the same dienophile as well as the acceptor-substituted olefines 2b and c exclusively by formation of the Dewar benzenes 3b-d (68-82%). - Both Dewar benzenes 3a and b are smoothly transformed into the benzenes 5a and b by thermal means. Photolyses of both aromatic compounds do not lead back to 3a and b but produce the Dewar isomers 7a and b, which finally undergo intramolecular [2+2] cycloaddition to give the prismanes 9a and b. A fundamentally comparable reaction sequence can be achieved with 4a (→ 6a → 8a → 9a). Reaction branching is observed on thermolysis of 9b: On the one hand the benzene 5b (54%) accompanied with 10% of the Dewar benzene 7b, on the other hand a 1:1 mixture of the aromatic compounds 6b and c is obtained. - Photochemically the Dewar benzenes 3a and b can directly be converted into the prismanes 10a and b (97 and 86%, respectively). Prismane/prismane isomerization (10 → 16) succeeds as a consequence of a thermal (10a,b → 12a,b) as well as of two light-induced reaction steps (12a,b → 14a,b and 14a,b → 16a,b). In an analogous way, the prismane 11 is received from 4a and then transformed into the isomer 16 via 13 and 15. As a special feature of the thermolysis of 11 the formation of 12a has to be noted, a reaction which is explained by the benzvalene intermediate 25. - The crystal structure analysis of 10b shows an evident influence of only one of both carbonyl groups (methylester) onto the prismane skeleton. This is manifested by two long, vicinal [C1-C2 1.579(3) and C1-C6 1.567(3) Å] and a short distal three-membered ring bonds [C2-C6 1.528(3) Å]. Furthermore, the C1-C4 bond [1.506(4) Å] is shortened relative to the C2-C3 distance [1.553(3) Å], whereas the C5-C6 bond [1.594(3) Å] is prolonged by the strong repulsion of both tBu groups.
    Notes: Der Cyclobutadiencarbonsäure-methylester 1a addiert Propiolsäure-methylester (2a) zu den regioisomeren Dewar-Benzolen 3a (73%) und 4a (19%). Dagegen entstehen aus dem entsprechenden tert-Butylester 1b und dem gleichen Dienophil sowie den akzeptorsubstituierten Olefinen 2b und c ausschließlich die Dewar-Benzole 3b-d (68-82%). - Thermisch gehen die beiden Dewar-Benzole 3a und b glatt in die Benzole 5a und b über. Photolysen der Aromaten führen nicht zu 3a und b zurück, sondern zu den Dewar-Isomeren 7a und b, die schließlich intramolekulare [2+2]-Cycloaddition zu den Prismanen 9a und b eingehen. Mit 4a läßt sich eine grundsätzlich vergleichbare Reaktionsfolge realisieren (→6a →8a →9a). Reaktionsverzweigung beobachtet man bei der Thermolyse von 9b: Einerseits erhält man das Benzol 5b (54%) neben 10% Dewar-Benzol 7b, andererseits ein 1:1-Gemisch aus den Aromaten 6b und c. - Photochemisch lassen sich die Dewar-Benzole 3a und b direkt in die Prismane 10a und b (97 bzw. 86%) umwandeln. Prisman/Prisman-Isomerisierung. (10 → 16) gelingt als Folge eines thermischen (10a,b → 12a,b) sowie zweier lichtinduzierter Reaktionsschritte (12a,b → 14a,b und 14a,b → 16a,b). Entsprechend läßt sich aus 4a das Prisman 11 gewinnen und dann über 13 und 15 in das Isomer 16 umwandeln. Als Besonderheit der Thermolyse von 11 ist die Bildung von 12a zu vermerken, dessen Entstehen über die Benzvalen-Zwischenstufe 25 erklärt wird. - Die Kristallstrukturanalyse von 10b zeigt einen deutlichen Einfluß nur einer der beiden Carbonylgruppen (Methylester) auf das Prismangerüst. Er äußert sich in zwei langen, vicinalen [C1-C2 (1.579(3) und C1-C6 1.567(3) Å] und einer kurzen distalen Dreiringbindung [C2-C6 1.528(3) Å]. Dar über hinaus ist die C1-C4-Bindung [1.506(4) Å] relativ zum C2-C3-Abstand [1.553(3) Å] verkürzt, während die C5-C6-Bindung[1.594(3) Å] durch die starke Abstoßung der beiden tBu-Gruppen verlängert ist.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 123 (1990), S. 345-350 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Dewar benzene, derivatives, molecular structures of / Substituent effects on molecular structure ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The molecular structures of the four Dewar benzene derivatives 4-7 were determined by means of X-ray diffraction. The central C1-C4 bonds are extremely long. The carboxylate groups on the bridgehead carbon atoms of 4, 5, and 7 are in optimal orientation for an electronic interaction with the central bonds having high p-character. Therefore the central bonds in 4, 5, und 7 (1.602-1.612 Å) are even more elongated than in 6 (1.563 Å). Repulsion between tert-butyl groups causes bond lengthening and structural deformations. The sp2-hybridized carbon atoms are pyramidalized. From structural comparison of Dewar benzene derivatives a strong correlation between the length of the central bond and the folding angle of the four-membered rings can be derived. A new rule has been established for the thermal stability of Dewar benzene derivatives.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 244-256 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Syntheses with Cyclobutadienes, 10. Sterical Influences onto Isomerization Reactions in the System Dewar Benzene/Benzene/PrismaneReaction of cyclobutadiene 2 with the activated alkynes 5a-d yields the Dewar benzene derivatives 6a-d (46-61%). They are converted by irradiation via benzene intermediates (7) to the thermodynamically more favoured isomers 8a-d (65-100%). By photochemical means the latter ones are transformed into the prismanes 10a-d (38-100%) by intramolecular [2+2]-cycloaddition reaction. The tetracyclic compounds 10a-c isomerize by heating at 130-140°C to the benzene derivatives 7a-c as well as 13a-c which totally or partly are subjected to secondary reactions leading to 12a-c.
    Notes: Reaktion des Cyclobutadiens 2 mit den aktivierten Alkinen 5a-d liefert die Dewarbenzol-derivate 6a-d (46-61%). Sie gehen beim Bestrahlen über Benzolzwischenstufen (7) in die thermodynamisch günstigeren Isomeren 8a-d (65-100%) über. Photochemisch lassen sich letztere durch intramolekulare [2+2]-Cycloaddition in die Prismane 10a-d (38-100%) umwandeln. Beim Erhitzen auf 130-140°C isomerisieren die Tetracyclen 10a-c zu den Benzolderivaten 7a-c sowie 13a-c, die ganz oder teilweise Folgereaktionen zu 12a-c unterliegen.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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