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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vitamin C preferential toxicity for malignant melanoma cells (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 284 (1980), S. 629-631 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 A typical experiment on two melanoma and one normal cell line determining the reduction in the number of colonies by ascorbate only (?); or ascorbate + 5 µM copper (O). Colony formation, which directly measures reproductive death, was carried out as previously described8. Briefly, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/284629a0
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell cycle-specific changes in the ultrastructural organization of prematurely condensed chromosomes (1983)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 88 (1983), S. 333-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Prematurely condensed chromosomes (PCC) of HeLa cells synchronized in different phases of the cell cycle were analyzed by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in the arrangement of the basic 30-nm chromatin fiber within interphase chromosomes associated with progression through the cell cycle. These studies revealed that highly condensed metaphase chromosomes and early G1-PCC consisted of tightly packed looping fibers. Early to mid G1-PCC were more extended and exhibited gyres suggestive of a despiralized chromonema. Further attenuation of PCC during progression through G1 was associated with a gradual transition from packed looping fibers to single extended longitudinal fibers. This process occurs prior to the initiation of DNA synthesis which appears to be localized within single longitudinal fibers. Following replication of a chromosome segment, extended longitudinal fibers were rapidly reorganized into packed looping fiber clusters concomitant with the formation of a multifibered chromosome axis. This results in the characteristic “pulverized” appearance of S-PCC when viewed by light microscopy. Subsequently, adjacent looping fiber domains coalesce, resulting in the uniformly packed, looping fiber arrangement observed in G2-PCC. Spiralization of the chromonema during the G2-mitotic transition results in the formation of highly compact metaphase chromosomes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00285856
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Architecture of the Chinese hamster metaphase chromosome (1971)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 32 (1971), S. 262-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The development of procedures for the isolation of unfixed metaphase chromosomes has made feasible a direct analysis of their morphology. Wholemount stereo electron microscopy was used to examine intact and partially disrupted chromosomes produced by physical shearing and extraction with salt and urea solutions. A model of chromosome architecture was developed to accommodate evidence from studies using both light and electron microscopy. In the proposed model the chromatid (anaphase chromosome) consists of two half-chromatids; each half-chromatid contains two deoxyribonucleoprotein ribbons wound into a single fiber (termed the core), with many loops of chromatin (termed epichromatin) attached along its length. The core ribbons are each about 50 Å thick by 4000 Å wide and are composed of many parallel deoxyribonucleoprotein strands. The epichromatin loops appear to be 250 Å supercoiled fibers containing about 75 per cent of the chromosomal DNA. The epichromatin can be selectively removed from the core fibers by extraction with 2.0 M NaCl or 6.0 M urea solutions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00284839
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Banding isolated metaphase chromosomes by a sequential fluorescent G/Q technique (1977)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 51 (1977), S. 103-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary G/Q-banding is a new, rapid, fluorescent technique for banding isolated chromosomes that incorporates characteristics of both G- and Q-banding. G-bands, while easily characterized, are often inconsistent when using isolated chromosomes, and Q-bands, while reliable, fade rapidly under UV exposure, making prolonged observation and photography difficult. G/Q-banding combines these techniques to sequentially utilize quinacrine staining over Giemsa banding to produce slow-fading fluorescent G/Q-bands. The background fluorescence in G/Q preparations fades quickly under continued UV exposure, while the chromosomes remain brightly banded and can be observed and photographed for at least five minutes. G/Q-banding was extended to whole cell chromosome spreads and produced results identical to those obtained with isolated chromosomes. Whole cell karyotypes indicate that G/Q-bands generally correspond to Q-bands. Advantages of G/Q-banding as a unique and universal technique over current double-staining procedures are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00567216
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A multisample chamber for dehydration and critical point drying (1984)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique 1 (1984), S. 199-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 0741-0581
    Keywords: Critical point drying ; Electron microscopy ; Ultrastructure ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: The principles and methods for constructing an improved chamber for dehydration and critical point drying of multiple biological samples are described. The specimen chamber design is based on vertical positioning of the electron microscope grids or coverslips and permits minimal perturbation of laminar solvent flow past the specimens. This condition is requisite for optimal exposure of samples to solvents, which is necessary for complete dehydration and drying. Fragile samples, including chromosomes, critical point dried in the multisample chamber demonstrate crisp, well-preserved, three-dimensional morphology.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1060010208
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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