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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Options for mitigating methane emission from a permanently flooded rice field (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Global change biology 9 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2486
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Notes: Permanently flooded rice fields, widely distributed in south and south-west China, emit more CH4 than those drained in the winter crop season. For understanding CH4 emissions from permanently flooded rice fields and developing mitigation options, CH4 emission was measured year-round for 6 years from 1995 to 2000, in a permanently flooded rice field in Chongqing, China, where two cultivations with four treatments were prepared as follows: plain-cultivation, summer rice crop and winter fallow with floodwater layer annually (convention, Ch-FF), and winter upland crop under drained conditions (Ch-Wheat); ridge-cultivation without tillage, summer rice and winter fallow with floodwater layer annually (Ch-FFR), and winter upland crop under drained conditions (Ch-RW), respectively. On a 6-year average, compared to the treatments with floodwater in the winter crop season, the CH4 flux during rice-growing period from the treatments draining floodwater and planting winter crop was reduced by 42% in plain-cultivation and by 13% in ridge-cultivation (P 〈 0.05), respectively. The reduction of annual CH4 emission reached 68 and 48%, respectively. Compared to plain-cultivation (Ch-FF), ridge-cultivation (Ch-FFR) reduced annual CH4 emission by 33%, and which was mainly occurred in the winter crop season. These results indicate that draining floodwater layer for winter upland crop growth was not only able to prevent CH4 emission from permanently flooded paddy soils directly in the winter crop season, but also to reduce CH4 emission substantially during the following rice-growing period. As an alternative to the completely drainage of floodwater layer in the winter crop season, ridge-cultivation could also significantly mitigate CH4 emissions from permanently flooded rice fields.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00562.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of relative position between two stations using the translocation technique in satellite doppler tracking
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics 6 (1982), S. 221-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 0275-1062
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0275-1062(82)90028-5
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectral analyses of the drag-like coefficient Cd from LAGEOS data
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics 14 (1990), S. 198-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 0275-1062
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0275-1062(90)90042-C
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Corrigendum to “I-CeuI fragment analysis of the Shigella species: evidence for large-scale chromosome rearrangement in S. dysenteriae and S. flexneri” (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 185 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2000.tb09073.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    I-CeuI fragment analysis of the Shigella species: evidence for large-scale chromosome rearrangement in S. dysenteriae and S. flexneri (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 182 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: I-CeuI fragments of four Shigella species were analyzed to investigate their taxonomic distance from Escherichia coli and to collect substantiated evidence of their genetic relatedness because their ribosomal RNA sequences and similarity values of their chromosomal DNA/DNA hybridization had proved their taxonomic identity. I-CeuI digestion of genomic DNAs yielded seven fragments in every species, indicating that all the Shigella species contained seven sets of ribosome RNA operons. To determine the fragment identities, seven genes were selected from each I-CeuI fragment of E. coli strain K-12 and used as hybridization probes. Among the four Shigella species, S. boydii and S. sonnei showed hybridization patterns similar to those observed for E. coli strains; each gene probe hybridized to the I-CeuI fragments with sizes similar to that of the corresponding E. coli fragment. In contrast, S. dysenteriae and S. flexneri showed distinct patterns; rcsF and rbsR genes that located on different I-CeuI fragments in E. coli, fragments D and E, were found to co-locate on a fragment. Further analysis using an additional three genes that located on fragment D in K-12 revealed that some chromosome rearrangements involving the fragments corresponding to fragments D and E of K-12 took place in S. dysenteriae and S. flexneri.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2000.tb08880.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Kinase-dependent Function of Lck in T-Cell Activation Requires an Intact Site for Tyrosine Autophosphorylation (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 766 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb26655.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrolyte mixing thermodynamics to probe ion-ion interactions (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 19 (1990), S. 1155-1173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Mixed electrolyte solution ; ion-ion interaction ; solvent averaged potentials ; osmotic coefficients ; activity coefficients ; Harned's rule ; HNC approximation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract In their study of solvent-averaged ion-ion pair potentials, Pettitt and Rossky show that, at least for the given underlying Born-Oppenheimer level model, there is a remarkable well in the potential of the solventaveraged Cl−−Cl− interaction in water; it has a minimum below-kT and near 3.6Å, the Pauling diameter for the Cl− ion. As Pettitt and Rossky also showed, the osmotic coefficient of aqueus NaCl solution as a function of ionic strength ϕ(I) could be insensitive to this remarkable feature, even when the well implies that there is a substantial concentration of dimers at 1M or higher stoichiometric concentration. Here it is argued that the thermodynamics of mixtures of aqueous NaCl with, say, aqueous NaClO4, should be sensitive to the presence of the well in the Cl−−Cl− interaction. Accordingly we apply the HNC approximation to calculate the mixing coefficients that characterize the excess free energy functions of several model aqueous NaCl−NaClO4 mixed electrolyte solutions. For reference we use a model (V6) in which all six ion-ion pair potentials have the simple ‘vanilla’ form: charged soft spheres supplemented by a dielectric image correction and an adjustable Gurney term that represents an interaction of the solvation structures about the ions. The six Gurney coefficients were adjusted to tune the model ϕ(I) close to the experimental for pure NaCl, pure NaClO4, and an equimolar mixture, all in the range 0.1≤I≤2M. We find that the V6 model gives mixing coefficients that agree closely with experiment. The calculations were also made for five models that incorporate, in varying degrees, the Pettitt-Rossky pair potentials. Comparison of the mixing coefficients for these models with the experimental data leads to the conclusion that the Cl−, Cl− well is unrealistic, although a shallower well in the same place might be acceptable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00652542
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrolyte solutions that unmix. Hydrophobic ions in water (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 20 (1991), S. 739-773 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Electrolyte ; solutions ; phase separation ; unmixing ; aqueous ; hydrophobic ; models ; HNC ; tetraalkylammonium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Simple models for the solvent-averaged ion-ion pair potentials for aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium halides were previously treated under the HNC (hypernetted chain) approximation to find the parameters needed to fit osmotic coefficient data of the corresponding real solutions. Here the model Pr 4 NI is modified by changing the A+− Gurney parameter to give the ‘Pr 4 NX’ model which exhibits the unmixing (separation into two solution phases of different concentrations) that has been reported for several real aqueous tetraalkylammonim salt solutions. The models used here are established at the McMillan-Mayer (MM) or solvent-averaged level, so careful attention is given to the choice of the thermodynamic potential from which we may derive the condition of material stability (stability with respect to separation into two phases of slightly different composition), and calculate the required thermodynamic coefficients from the MM pair correlation functions. The emphasis is on the study of the hydrophobic unmixing in terms of thermodynamic coefficients derived from the pair correlation functions calculated for the Pr 4 NX model under HNC. In the temperature-concentration (T-c S ) plane we can locate the ‘solvability line’ (which separates states for which the HNC equation can be solved from the rest) and portions of the coexistence line. To locate the coexistence line in regimes in which the double tangent method is not effective we use a method based on the osmotic pressure and the solute chemical potential isotherms. Our results suggest that for the Pr 4 NX model in the T-c S plane the spinodal line lies within the solvability line which, in turn, lies within the coexistence line for the states where the latter could be determined. The role of the thermodynamic inconsistency implicit in the HNC correlation functions is given special attention, as is the remarkable role of the 1/r 4 cavity term in the model pair potential. Single-ion activity coefficients and DELα functions are calculated for some of the states studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00675109
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface Modification of Biodegradable PLGA Scaffold with Chitosan for Cell Culture (2003)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 423-425 (May 2003), p. 341-346 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/07/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.423-425.341.pdf
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bioassay Based on Photonic Crystal (2008)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 47-50 (June 2008), p. 1323-1326 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Photonic crystals have wide applications not only in optoelectronic fields but also inbioassays. In this review, we summarized our work on colloidal photonic crystals as novelbiomolecular supports in multiplex bioassays. Except for enhancing the fluorescence signal andencoding the biomolecular carriers in fluorphore labeled bioassays, photonic crystal can also encodesuspended arrays. From the point view of practicality, the synthesis and self-assembly ofmonodispersed colloidal spheres for colloidal crystals is involved
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/41/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FAMR.47-50.1323.pdf
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