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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Short Synthesis of Natural (-)-Oblongolide via an Intramolecular or a Transannular Diels-Alder Reaction (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 60 (1995), S. 5785-5789 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00123a011
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrical characteristics and thermal stability of n+ polycrystalline- Si/ZrO2/SiO2/Si metal–oxide–semiconductor capacitors (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 414-419 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have investigated the thermal stability of n+ polycrystalline-Si(poly-Si)/ZrO2(50–140 Å)/SiO2(7 Å)/p-Si metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) capacitors via electrical and material characterization. The ZrO2 gate dielectric was prepared by atomic layer chemical vapor deposition using ZrCl4 and H2O vapor. Capacitance–voltage hysteresis as small as ∼12 mV with the flatband voltage of −0.5 V and the interface trap density of ∼5×1010 cm−2 eV−1 were attained with activation anneal at 750 °C. A high level of gate leakage current was observed at the activation temperatures over 750 °C and attributed to the interfacial reaction of poly-Si and ZrO2 during the poly-Si deposition and the following high temperature anneal. Because of this, the ZrO2 gate dielectric is incompatible with the conventional poly-Si gate process. In the MOS capacitors having a smaller active area (〈50×50 μm2), fortunately, the electrical degradation by further severe silicidation does not occur up to an 800 °C anneal in N2 for 30 min. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1425073
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Boron penetration and thermal instability of p+ polycrystalline-Si/ZrO2/SiO2/n-Si metal-oxide-semiconductor structures (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 65-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report boron penetration and thermal instability of p+ polycrystalline-Si (poly-Si)/ZrO2 (100 Å)/SiO2 (∼7 Å)/n-Si metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) structures. The flatband voltage shift (ΔVFB) of the p+ poly-Si/ZrO2/SiO2/n-Si MOS capacitor as determined by capacitance–voltage measurement was ∼0.18 V, corresponding to a p-type dopant level of 1.1×1012 B ions/cm2 as the activation temperature increased from 800 to 850 °C. Additional ΔVFB of ∼0.24 V was measured after the anneal from 850 to 900 °C. Noticeable boron penetration into the n-type Si channel as observed by secondary ion mass spectroscopy also confirmed the VFB instability with activation annealing above 850 °C. An abnormal decrease of accumulation capacitance was also found after anneal at 900 °C due to an excessive leakage current which was attributed to the formation of ZrSix nodules at the poly-Si/ZrO2 interface. We observed 4–5 orders of magnitude lower leakage current from the small-size capacitors (〈50×50 μm2) up to the activation anneal of 850 °C for 30 min, while the formation of interfacial ZrSix nodules at 900 °C cannot be avoidable even at 0.6-μm-wide gate lines. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1419207
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variation of magnetic properties as a function of Mo content in the RFe12−xMox series and their nitrides (R=Y, Nd, Gd) (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 1140-1145 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The structure and magnetic properties of RFe12−xMox series and their nitrides with R=Y,Gd,Nd and x=0.8,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5 have been studied by x-ray-diffraction and magnetic measurements. It is found that with the increment of Mo content x, the lattice parameters increase, whereas the saturation magnetization, Curie temperature, and anisotropy field decreases in the RFe12−xMox series. Upon nitrogenation lattice parameters, saturation magnetization, and Curie temperature increase. Correspondingly, the easy c-axis magnetocrystalline anisotropy of the Fe sublattice decreases in YFe12−xMoxNy and GdFe12−xMoxNy but increases in NdFe12−xMoxNy although its variation with the Mo content is the same as in their original counterparts. NdFe12−xMoxNy compound in the low Mo content shows great potential for permanent magnet applications. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.360767
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural and magnetic properties of RFe10.5V1.5Nx (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 3013-3016 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have succeeded in preparing RFe10.5V1.5 compounds and their corresponding nitrides RFe10.5V1.5Nx, where R=Y, Ce, Nd, Sm, Gd, Td, Dy, Ho, and Er. The structural and magnetic properties of RFe10.5V1.5Nx have been investigated by x-ray diffraction techniques and magnetic measurements and compared with those of RFe10.5V1.5, NdFe10.5V1.5Nx is a new potential hard magnetic material with excellent intrinsic magnetic properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.356168
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation and magnetic properties of TbCu7-type RFe7 compounds and their nitrides (R=Tb and Dy) : The 41st annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 5106-5108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: DyFex and TbFex alloys with x=7, 7.7, and 9 were mechanically alloyed followed by annealing in an attempt to prepare TbCu7-type DyFe7 and TbFe7 compounds. X-ray-diffraction and thermomagnetic measurements show that single-phase TbCu7-type TbFe7 can be obtained for all three compositions, while DyFe7 was formed for x=7.7 and 9 when annealed in the temperature range from 650 to 850 °C. The Curie temperature (Tc) of the TbCu7-type phase shows no obvious variation with Fe content, but decreases with annealing temperature. For DyFe7.7 and TbFe7.7, their respective Curie temperatures are reduced from 160 and 185 °C by annealing at 700 °C for 3 h to 140 and 160 °C after annealing at 850 °C for 3 h. Magnetometry measurements reveal that the TbCu7-type phase is a soft phase with a room-temperature coercivity of less than 500 Oe. Nitriding the TbCu7-type phase results in lattice expansions without changing the crystal structure. However, nitriding increases the Curie temperatures dramatically to 465 and 450 °C for TbFe7.7Ny and DyFe7.7Ny, respectively. Furthermore, nitriding greatly enhanced the coercivities of TbCu7-type compounds, reaching values of 3.75 and 4.0 kOe for TbFe7.7Ny and DyFe7.7Ny, respectively. The nitrides with optimum coercivities are single-phase TbCu7-type compounds with an average grain size of 10–15 nm as estimated from Bragg peak broadening. A coercivity mechanism based on contributions from the random anisotropy of the R3+ ions and the crystalline anisotropy is proposed to explain the observed effects.© 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.365190
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural and magnetic properties of Nd2Fe17−δCrδ (δ=0, 0.5, 1, 1.9) : The 41st annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 5118-5120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In Nd2Fe17−δCrδ (δ=0, 0.5, 1, 1.9), Cr substitutes for Fe atoms without changing the crystal structure. Neutron diffraction measurements show that for all values of δ, Cr preferentially substitutes for Fe in the 6 c site and randomly substitutes for Fe in the 18 f site. Cr substitution can be explained by considering the enthalphy of mixing using Miedema's model. The Nd–Cr enthalphy of mixing is positive and this causes preferential substitution of Cr in those sites that have the lowest number of Nd nearest neighbors, i.e., the 6c site. Upon Cr substitution the Curie temperature increases from 327 K up to 374 K for δ=1 and then decreases to a value of 356 K for δ=1.9. This anomalous behavior can be qualitatively explained by two competing mechanisms arising from the decrease in the number of 6c-6c Fe pairs with increasing Cr concentration and from the decrease in volume of Nd2Fe17−δCrδ with increasing δ which affects the 6c-6c interatomic Fe distances. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.365141
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of hydrogen disproportionation, desorption, and recombination on the structure and magnetic properties of Sm2Fe17Nx and NdFe10Mo2Nx compounds : The 6th joint magnetism and magnetic materials (MMM)-intermag conference (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 6053-6055 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Hydrogen disproportionation, desorption, and recombination (HDDR) has been used as a pretreatment to prepare high performance Sm2Fe17Nx and NdFe10Mo2Nx compounds. Isotropic Sm2Fe17Nx and NdFe10Mo2Nx compounds with intrinsic coercivity larger than 12 and 4 kOe have been obtained by nitriding the HDDR treated powders, respectively. It is found that the magnetic properties are sensitively dependent on the time and temperature of the HDDR process, which determine the grain size, nitrogen content, and the amount of α-Fe in the nitrides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.358363
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and magnetic properties of mechanically alloyed Nd(Fe,V)12Nx compounds : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 5519-5521 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The structure and magnetic properties of Nd(Fe,M)12Nx (M=Ti,Mo,V) compounds prepared by mechanical alloying (MA) have been studied using x-ray diffraction and magnetic measurements. It is found that after annealing, single-phase Nd(Fe,V)12 compounds can be obtained over a large composition range, but can only be obtained in Nd(Fe,V)11 after MA. The crystallization of stoichiometric compounds at 750–950 °C always produces a small amount of α-Fe(V) in addition to the 1:12 phase. Below 750 °C, the crystallization is not complete and large amounts of α-Fe(V) are present. When nitriding at 450 °C, the α-Fe(V) phase disappears accompanied by the formation of an amorphous phase and a 1:7 nitride phase. The crystallized phase retains the 1:12 structure when nitriding at 480 °C. The highest coercivity of 8.8 kOe has been obtained for the NdFe10.5V1.5Nx compound. The difference between the coercivities of MA Nd(Fe,V)12Nx, Nd(Fe,Mo)12Nx, NdFe11TiNx, and Sm2Fe17Nx compounds is attributed to their different crystallization behavior and phase stability during nitrogenation. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362296
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation and characteristics of hard magnetic materials: Pr(Mo,Fe)12Nx (1992)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 61 (1992), S. 2723-2725 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We succeed in stabilizing the PrMo1.5Fe10.5 compounds and their nitrides with ThMn12-type structure. The single phase was identified by using x-ray diffraction technique and thermomagnetic measurements. In PrMo1.5Fe10.5Nx, the c-axis is the easy magnetization direction from 0 K to Curie temperature. The anisotropy field is up to 147 KOe at 1.5 K and 110 KOe at room temperature. In combination with a high Curie temperature of 640 K and a large saturation magnetization of 141.70 emu/g, these intrinsic magnetic properties are favorable for permanent magnet applications. As a preliminary attempt, a coercive force of 3.0 and 10.0 KOe was obtained at 300 and 1.5 K, respectively, by using hydrogenation disproportionation and desorption (HDD) processing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.108073
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