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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nanospheres for DNA separation chips (2004)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature biotechnology 22 (2004), S. 337-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] We report here a technology to carry out separations of a wide range of DNA fragments with high speed and high resolution. The approach uses a nanoparticle medium, core-shell type nanospheres, in conjunction with a pressurization technique during microchip electrophoresis. DNA fragments up to 15 ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt939
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The three-dimensional structure of motor endplates in different fiber types of rat intercostal muscle (1985)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 241 (1985), S. 465-472 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Striated muscle ; Muscle fiber type ; Schwann cells ; Motor endplate ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The three-dimensional organization of the motor end plates in the red, white and intermediate striated muscle fibers of the rat intercostal muscle was observed under a field-emission type scanning electron microscope after removal of connective tissue components by HCl hydrolysis. The motor endplate of the white fiber had terminal branches (or axon terminals), which were large, long and thin, and small but numerous nerve swellings (or terminal boutons). The motor endplate of the red fiber had terminal branches, which were small, short and thick, and had large but fewer nerve swellings. The motor endplate of the intermediate fiber was intermediate in size and structure between these two. In detached nerve-ending preparations, primary synaptic grooves with slit-like openings of the junctional folds appeared on the surface of the muscle fibers. The primary synaptic grooves were more developed in the white fiber than in the red fiber, and they were intermediate in the intermediate fiber. The numerical ratio of slit-like openings was 1∶1.8∶3.5 in the red, intermediate and white fiber, respectively. The Schwann cells and their processes were observed on the surface of the motor endplate, with the processes covering the upper orifices of the primary synaptic grooves and sealing the terminal branches. The number of Schwann cells was usually three in the white fiber, two in the intermediate fiber and one in the red fiber.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00214564
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scanning electron-microscopic studies on the three-dimensional structure of mitochondria in the mammalian red, white and intermediate muscle fibers (1985)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 241 (1985), S. 251-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Red muscle fibers ; Muscle fiber types ; Mitochondria ; Three-dimensional structure ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The three-dimensional structure and arrangement of mitochondria in the red, white and intermediate striated muscle fibers of the rat were examined under a field-emission type scanning electron microscope after removal of cytoplasmic matrices by means of the Osmium-DMSO-Osmium procedure. Beneath the sarcolemma, spherical or ovoid subsarcolemmal mitochondria show accumulations. The mitochondria are numerous and large in size in the red fibers, intermediate in the intermediate fibers, and few and small in the white fibers. Paired, slender I-band-limited mitochondria were located on both sides of the Z-line and partly embraced the myofibrils at the I-band level; they occurred in all three types of fibers. In the intermyofibrillar spaces, numerous mitochondria formed mitochondrial columns. These columns were classified into two types: 1) thick mitochondrial columns, formed by multiple mitochondria each with an intermyofibrillar space corresponding to one sarcomere in length, and 2) thin mitochondrial columns, established by single mitochondria corresponding to one sarcomere in length. In the red fibers mitochondrial columns were abundant and the ratio of the thick and thin columns was almost the same, while in the intermediate fibers most of the columns belonged to the thin type. The white fibers displayed rare, very thin columns.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00217168
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scanning electron-microscopic study on the three-dimensional structure of motor endplates of the slow (tonic) muscle fibers in the frog, Rana n. nigromaculata (1988)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 252 (1988), S. 211-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Skeletal muscle fibers ; Slow fibers ; Motor endplate ; Neuromuscular synapses, vertebrate ; Frog (Rana n. nigromaculata)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The three-dimensional organization of the motor endplates of the slow fibers of the rectus abdominis muscle in the Japanese meadow frog (Rana nigromaculata nigromaculata Hallowell) is visualized by use of a field-emission scanning electron microscope after removal of connective tissue components by HCl hydrolysis. Clusters of shallow oval depressions ∼1–3 μm in diameter are seen in the postsynaptic membrane at intervals of about 150 μm. On the surface of these depressions, a few low bulges of postsynaptic membrane are irregularly arranged. Terminal boutons, ∼1–3 μm in diameter, occur along the length of nerve branches and terminals and fit into the shallow oval depressions of the postsynaptic membrane. The Schwann cells covering the terminal branches exhibit a simpler organization than those in twitch fibers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00213844
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scanning electron-microscopic studies on the three-dimensional structure of sarcoplasmic reticulum in the mammalian red, white and intermediate muscle fibers (1985)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 242 (1985), S. 461-467 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Muscle cells ; Sarcoplasmic reticulum ; Three-dimensional structure ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The three-dimensional structure of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) in the red, white and intermediate striated muscle fibers of the extensor digitorum longus muscle of the rat was examined under a field-emission type scanning electron microscope after removal of cytoplasmic matrices by the osmium-DMSO-osmium procedure. In all three types of fibers, the terminal cisternae and transverse tubules form triads at the level of the A-I junction. Numerous slender sarcotubules, originating from the A-band side terminal cisternae, extend obliquely or longitudinally and form oval or irregular shaped networks of various sizes in front of the A-band, then become continuous with the tiny mesh (fenestrated collar) in front of the H-band. The A-and H-band SR appears as a single sheet of anastomotic tubules. Numerous sarcotubules, originating from the I-band side terminal cisternae, extend in threedimensional directions and form a multilayered network over the I-band and Z-line regions. At the I-band level, paired transversely oriented mitochondria partly embrace the myofibril. The I-band SR network is poorly developed in the narrow space between the paired mitochondria, but is well developed in places devoid of these mitochondria. The three-dimensional structure of the SR is basically the same in all three muscle fiber-types. However, the SR is sparse on the surface of mitochondria, so the mitochondria-rich red fiber has a much smaller total volume of SR than the mitochondria-poor white fiber. Moreover, the volume of SR of the intermediate fiber is intermediate between the two.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225410
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High resolution scanning electron-microscopic study on the three-dimensional structure of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in the slow (tonic) muscle fibers of the frog, Rana nigromaculata (1989)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 255 (1989), S. 669-672 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Muscle, striated, skeletal ; Slow muscle fibers ; Muscle cells ; Sarcoplasmic reticulum ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Rana n. nigromaculata (Anura)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The three-dimensional structure of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) in the slow (tonic) fibers of the reclus abdominis muscle of the Japanese meadow frog (Rana nigromaculata nigromaculata Hallowell) was examined by high resolution scanning electron microscopy, after removal of the cytoplasmic matrices by the osmium-DMSO-osmium procedure. The SR forms a repetitive network throughout these fibers. At the level of the Z-line, a slender transverse tubule (T-tubule) runs transversely to the longitudinal axis of the myofibril. Small, spherical or ovoid terminal cisternae couple laterally with the T-tubule at intervals of 0.4–1.0 μm, and form a “terminal cisterna-T-tubule complex” on whose surface tiny indentations are occasionally seen. Each terminal cisterna gives rise to a few sarcotubules that run in various directions, divide frequently and form circular or oval meshes of diverse sizes in front of the A- and I-bands. The sarcotubules usually form small meshes in the middle of the A-band, but occasionally fuse and form a poorly developed H-band (fenestrated) collar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218807
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High -resolution scanning electron-microscopic studies on the three-dimensional structure of mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum in the different twitch muscle fibers of the frog (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 250 (1987), S. 489-497 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Muscle cells ; Mitochondria ; Sarcoplasmic reticulum ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Frog (Rana n. nigromaculata)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The three-dimensional structure of the mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) in the three types of twitch fibers, i.e., the red, white and intermediate skeletal muscle fibers, of the vastus lateralis muscle of the Japanese meadow frog (Rana nigromaculata nigromaculata Hallowell) was examined by high resolution scanning electron microscopy, after removal of the cytoplasmic matrices. The small red fibers have numerous mitochondrial columns of large diameter, while the large white fibers have a small number of mitochondrial columns of small diameter. In the medium-size intermediate fibers, the number and diameter of the mitochondrial columns are intermediate between those of the red and white fibers. In all three types of fibers, the terminal cisternae and transverse tubules form triads at the level of each Z-line. The thick terminal cisternae continue into much thinner flat intermediate cisternae, through a transitional part where a row of tiny indentations can be observed. Numerous slender longitudinal tubules originating from the intermediate cisternae, extend longitudinally or obliquely and form elongated oval networks of various sizes in front of the A-band, then fuse to form the H-band collar (fenestrated collar) around the myofibrils. On the surface of the H-band collar, small fenestrations as well as tiny hollows are seen. The three-dimensional structure of SR is basically the same in all three muscle fiber-types. However, the SR is sparse on the surface of mitochondria, so the mitochondria-rich red fiber has a smaller total volume of SR than the mitochondria-poor white fiber. The volume of SR of the intermediate fiber is intermediate between other the two.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218939
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromosomal localization and cDNA sequence of human BTEB, a GC box binding protein (1993)
    Springer
    Somatic cell and molecular genetics 19 (1993), S. 499-503 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9931
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Human BTEB cDNA clones have been isolated, sequenced, and the corresponding gene has been assigned to human chromosome 9, region q13, by fluorescent in situ hybridization and DNA blot analysis using DNAs from hybrid cell clones containing a single human chromosome. The cDNA clone encodes a polypeptide of 244 amino acids whose sequence shows a high sequence similarity with the rat BTEB (98% amino acid identity).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01233255
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron cytochemical observations on membrane redistribution in rat and human parietal cells after maximal acid secretion (1998)
    Springer
    Medical molecular morphology 31 (1998), S. 128-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1860-1499
    Keywords: Parietal cell ; Tubulovesicle ; Lectin histochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The redistribution of membranes in rat and human gastric parietal cells after active secretion was studied by lectin cytochemistry using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In both rat and human resting parietal cells stained with the lectin GSA-IB4, the reaction was positive for the intracellular canalicular membrane and the surface plasma membrane but negative for tubulovesicles. In parietal cells in the restoring process, internalized microvillous membrane complexes enclosed in lectin-positive vacuoles were observed. In rat parietal cells, concentric membrane profiles and pentalaminar structures were seen near the internalized microvillous membrane structures. Near them were seen numerous tubulovesicular compartments about 200 nm long, some of which appeared to contain a small vesicular structure on cross section. The membranes of these vesicular structures were negative for lectin staining. Transitional images from the internalized microvillar membrane to the concentric membrane profiles and tubulovesicular compartments were seen, although this was not proved directly. In human parietal cells, the direct transition of internalized microvillous complexes to tubulovesicular compartments was observed. These may be a precursor of the tubulovesicles in the resting parietal cells. In both rat and human species, some endocytic vesicles with membranes that showed a positive reaction for the lectin GSAIB4 were present in the periphery of the canalicular membranes. Moreover, coated and uncoated vesicles were seen. During this period multivesicular bodies increased. The lectin reaction was positive on vesicles of multivesicular bodies, suggesting that they originated from the intracellular canaliculi. From these results, it can reasonably be postulated that reduction of the secretory surfaces and reconstruction of the tubulovesicular compartments are related to internalization of the microvillar membranes and endocytosis of the canalicular membranes. This study adds new evidence for the movements and changes in membrane properties in gastric parietal cells returning to their resting configuration after stimulated acid secretion and further supports the hypothesis of membrane recycling during acid secretion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01553780
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-resolution scanning electron microscopic studies on the three-dimensional structure of the transverse-axial tubular system, sarcoplasmic reticulum and intercalated disc of the rat myocardium (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 228 (1990), S. 277-287 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The three-dimensional structure of the transverse-axial tubular system, sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), and intercalated disc of the rat left ventricle was examined by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy after removal of the cytoplasmic matrices by the osmium-DMSO-osmium procedure. In the intermyofibrillar space, the transverse tubules (T-tubules) are accompanied by longitudinally oriented axial tubules and together form a transverse-axial system. The junctional SR is usually small but occasionally medium or large in size and couples with the T- or with the axial tubules. On the surface of the junctional SR facing the T- or the axial tubule, tiny junctional processes are seen. One or two sarcotubules, the so-called Z-tubules, frequently run parallel to the T-tubule. The sarcotubules derived from the junctional SR or from the Z-tubule run longitudinally or obliquely and form polygonal meshes around the myofibrils. On the surface of the SR at the H-band level, small fenestrations of 12-40 nm in diameter, and tiny hollows 8-20 nm in diameter are seen. Bulbous swellings of the SR, the corbular SR, are preferentially seen near the Z-band. The large and flat SR, known as the cisternal SR, intercalates among the SR meshes. In the subsarcolemmal space, the sarcotubules form a multilayered network (peripheral SR). The cisternal SR is frequently intercalated in these meshes and closely associated with the inner surface of the sarcolemma. The intercalated disc appears as a prominently undulated membrane demarcating the border between two adjacent heart muscle cells, and occasionally small projections 60-90 nm in diameter and 200-600 nm in length display on its surface.
    Additional Material: 22 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092280307
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