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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calculation of stator radial vibration for a hybrid stepping motor using 3D finite element method : 37th Annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 6799-6801 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This paper presents results from radial force and stator radial vibration calculations using the 3D finite element method. Because of the special construction of a hybrid stepping motor with both unipolar flux due to the rotor magnet and heteropolar fluxes due to the currents in stator poles it is treated as a 3D magnetostatics problem. The radial force in the air gap under each stator pole has been calculated by the Maxwell stress method. The variation of radial force under each pole with one rotor tooth pitch movement is analyzed by Fourier series to obtain the force frequency spectrum with magnitudes and phase angles. It is then multiplied by the corresponding measured stator mobility values to obtain the stator radial vibration. The results are compared with experimental data and have shown a reasonable agreement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.352488
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth and characterization of Bi12(Si1−xTix)O20 mixed crystals (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 7872-7876 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Crystal growth of a sillenite structure with a composition of Bi12(Si1−xTix)O20 and the corresponding optical characteristics have been systematically examined. The incongruent melting materials Bi12TiO20(BTO) have been observed to form a solid solution with congruent melting materials Bi12SiO20(BSO) for the whole range of the x value. The cutoff wavelength increases and the optical activity decreases linearly with BTO content in the crystals. The photorefractive effect is modified significantly due to the addition of BTO. The diffraction efficiency (η) of the photorefractive grating increases first with BTO content for x≤0.33 and saturates for a larger amount of BTO addition. The response speed is, however, promoted markedly for x≥0.48.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.353938
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of three-dimensional force distribution on soft magnetic powder composite electrical machine cores (abstract) (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 67 (1990), S. 4741-4741 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The paper presents three new aspects to the design and analysis of electrical machines in general, and the manufacture of small electrical machines which utilize new powder-metallurgical, soft-magnetic-core material in particular. First, a comparison of the Maxwell-stress and Poynting-vector methods of determining power-flow conditions in electrical machines is made. Calculations are based on three-dimensional (3D) field data, which include the full harmonic spectra due to excitation and load conditions, conductor slotting, and winding factors. The method employed to obtain the 3D field data is based on a new computed tomography technique in which the spatial distribution of the fields are accurately obtained in the air gap of the machine. The machines studied in the investigation are characterized by the use of soft magnetic powder-metallurgical core materials used in their construction. A detailed appraisal of the properties of these new powder-metallurgical materials and examples of their use in small electrical drives will be given in the paper. The method of force calculation adopted, together with the use of new soft magnetic materials, has resulted in a significant advance for the manufacture of small electrical machines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.344797
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study on polished and etched surfaces of polar (111) CdTe by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and grazing-incidence x-ray diffraction (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 71 (1992), S. 5212-5216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Several etchants have been applied to polar (111)Cd and (111)Te surfaces of CdTe. Induced surface layers were analyzed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and grazing-incidence x-ray diffraction for studying compositions, chemical states, and crystalline phases of respective layers. A bromine/methanol etch led to a layer composed of mainly tellurium oxides on both (111) surfaces. Oxidation depth, however, was larger at the (111)Te side. Etching with HCl subsequently removed the oxides. A film made of crystalline tellurium was, however, produced with the thickness being larger on the (111)Te surface than on the other surface. A fairly thick layer consisting of TeO2 and crystalline Te for etching with N solution (H2O2:H2O:HF=2:2:3 v/v), formed on both surfaces with the cadmium having been severely depleted, especially on the (111)Te surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.350577
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth and ferroelectricity of epitaxial-like BaTiO3 films on single-crystal MgO, SrTiO3, and silicon substrates synthesized by pulsed laser deposition (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 6466-6471 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The epitaxial-like BaTiO3 (BTO) films with good ferroelectricity are obtained both on (001)SrTiO3 (STO) single crystal and on CeO2 buffered silicon substrate by pulsed laser deposition. The deposition parameters need to be stringently controlled in order to grow BTO films with good crystallinity. The BTO films grown on YBa2Cu3O7−x (YBCO)/CeO2/STO substrates are epitaxial, as confirmed by rocking curve, φ scan, and wide-angle x-ray-diffraction techniques. The alignment of a and b axes of BTO films on YBCO/CeO2/Si substrate is, however, not as perfect as BTO film on YBCO/STO substrate. The BTO/YBCO/CeO2/Si films are only (00l) textured. The ferroelectric property measurement, using the YBCO layer as the base electrode material, shows that the remanent polarization Pr and coercive field Ec of the BTO/YBCO/CeO2/Si films (Pr=3.6 μC/cm2, Ec=11.1 kV/cm) are, however, as good as those of the BTO/YBCO/STO films (Pr=4.0 μC/cm2, Ec=12.5 kV/cm). © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359121
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The growth and characterization of CdTe epitaxial layers on CdTe and InSb by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 58 (1985), S. 757-762 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Epitaxial layers of CdTe were grown on CdTe and InSb substrates by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition using dimethylcadmium and dimethyltelluride as alkyl sources. Specular CdTe layers were grown on InSb at temperatures between 350 and 375 °C with serious out-diffusion of In from substrates. Dimethyltelluride is the controlling species of this growth system. Typical growth rates were 4 to 7 μm/h. Low-temperature photoluminescent measurements revealed the superior quality of epitaxial layers grown on CdTe substrates. The bound-exciton emission at 1.590 eV and the band-edge emission at 1.548 eV are the dominant peaks. Homostructure CdTe epitaxial layers grown between 330 and 410 °C possess the best surface morphology. Hole concentrations in the 1013-cm−3 range and a carrier mobility over 100 cm2/V sec were observed in these layers at 77 K. The highest hole mobility is 555 cm2/V sec in the sample grown at 400 °C. Layers grown outside this range show n-type conductivity with deteriorated electron mobilities and photoluminescent spectra.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.336193
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Activation of boron implanted in Hg0.7Cd0.3Te by high-temperature annealing (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 63 (1988), S. 4983-4988 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Boron was implanted into the p-type Hg0.7Cd0.3Te epitaxial crystals. The implantation was carried out using a fluence of 1.45×1015 cm−2 and an energy of 100 keV. The implanted specimens, as well as unimplanted ones, were annealed without encapsulation by one-zone annealing in an atmosphere of mercury vapor supplied from liquid mercury at temperatures from 250–500 °C. From the annealing of unimplanted specimens, a p-n transition at 350 °C is observed. On the other hand, from the annealing of implanted specimens, it is found that the n-type conductivity induced by implantation damage is gradually reduced with the increase of annealing temperature until a minimum appears around 350 °C, and then increases again. An enhancement of n-type conductivity can be further observed from annealing under a reduced pressure of mercury. A similar result is also obtained from the annealing of implanted specimens using a HgTe compound as the mercury reservoir instead of liquid mercury. The results suggest that the implanted borons become activated dopants after annealing at high temperature. A mechanism on the activation of boron in HgCdTe is thus proposed, and the experimental results can be satisfactorily explained by the mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.340444
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of Hg1−xCdxTe with a semiclosed rotational liquid-phase-epitaxy system (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 61 (1987), S. 1895-1897 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Hg1−xCdxTe epitaxial layers were grown on CdTe substrates by the liquid-phase-epitaxy method in a horizontal open system. A semiclosed rotational boat was developed to prevent Hg loss from the Te-rich growth melt during growth processes. The solid composition of HgTe-rich Hg1−xCdxTe layers can be reproducibly controlled. Through the rotation mechanism, the melt entrapment on the as-grown surface can be avoided. With a small amount of excess Hg added into the growth melt and in situ annealing at 300 °C right after the growth, an n-type epilayer can be obtained. The electron concentration of 3×1015 cm−3 and the electron mobility of 7.5×104 cm2/V s were obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.338035
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    T Lymphocyte Subsets in Leprosy (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of dermatology 28 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-4632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Phenotypic analysis was done on 24 Egyptian leprosy patients and 11 healthy controls. The type of leprosy, duration of disease at the time of testing, and age were found to affect T cell subset distribution. As compared with controls, neural leprosy tended to have a decreased total T cell percentage, borderline leprosy an increased T suppressor cell percentage, and reactional borderline leprosy an increased T helper/suppressor ratio. Patients with the disease for less than 1 year had a higher mean percentage of T suppressor cells and a lower mean T helper/suppressor ratio than patients with leprosy for more than 1 year. The same was true in older (50–70 years old) versus younger (12–41 years old) patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4362.1989.tb02504.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between heterosis and genetic divergence in ‘Tongil’-type rice (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 121 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Improving grain yield and quality of ‘Tongil’-type rice (indica/japonica) continues to be a major breeding objective in Korea. In this study, genetic divergence among 13‘Tongil’-type rice cultivars was evaluated and the relationship between genetic distance and hybrid performance in all possible nonreciprocal crosses between them assessed. The 78 F1 hybrids together with the 13 parents were evaluated for eight traits of agronomic importance, including yield, in a replicated field trial. The 13 parents were examined for DNA polymorphism using 71 micro-satellite or simple sequence repeats and 46 random decamer oligonucleotide primers. A total of 319 polymorphic variants were generated and, based on the polymorphism data, genetic distances (GDs) ranged from 0.021 to 0.437. Cluster analysis based on GDs revealed associations among cultivars which was in agreement with the pedigree data. Heterosis was observed in hybrids for most of the traits, and yield exhibited the highest heterosis among the eight traits examined. The correlation values of GDs with F1 performance were mostly nonsignificant, except for yield, culm length and spikelets per panicle. The correlations of GDs with midparent and better-parent heterosis were not significant enough to be of predictive value. These results indicate that GDs based on the microsatellite and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers may not be useful for predicting heterotic combinations in ‘Tongil’-type rice and support the idea that the level of correlation between hybrid performance and genetic divergence is dependent on the germplasm used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2002.00760.x
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