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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serum levels of IL-10, IL-6, IL-1ra, and sIL-2R in patients with psoriatic arthritis (2000)
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 19 (2000), S. 101-105 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Key words Psoriatic arthritis, IL-6, IL-10, sIL-2R, IL-lra
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our objective was to evaluate the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), soluble receptors of IL-2 (sIL-2R), IL-10, and IL-1 receptor antagonists (IL-1ra) in the serum of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and to assess the correlation between these levels and parameters of clinical activity of skin and joint disease. In total, 34 patients with PsA and ten healthy volunteers participated in the study. Assessment of joint disease included duration of morning stiffness, number of tender and swollen joints, right and left grip, the presence of inflammatory spinal back pain, and Schober test. Current severity of skin disease was graded according to the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI). Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was determined as a marker of disease activity. Serum levels of IL-6, sIL-2R, IL-1ra, and IL-10 were measured by an enzyme immunoassay kit. Significantly higher serum levels of IL-6, sIL-2R, IL-1ra, and IL-10 were found in patients with PsA in comparison with healthy volunteers. A statistically significant correlation was found between levels of sIL-2R and PASI, whereas no association was found with clinical parameters of joint severity. Levels of IL-1ra correlated with the number of tender and swollen joints. No correlation was found between levels of IL-6, IL-10, and clinical parameters of skin and joint severity. In the group of patients with PsA, serum levels of sIL-2R clearly correlated with severity of skin disease, whereas levels of IL-1ra were associated with joint severity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002960050111
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased salivary interleukin-6 levels in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (1999)
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 18 (1999), S. 125-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Key words Interleukin 6 ; Sjögren's syndrome ; Saliva
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study's purpose was to evaluate salivary interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Salivary and serum IL-6 concentrations were evaluated by ELISA in 36 patients with SS and compared with 19 patients complaining of dry mouth and with normal controls. Salivary IL-6 levels were significantly elevated (P〈0.01) in the 36 patients with SS as compared to the 19 patients with dry mouth (200.5±43.6 and 12.6±6.8 pg/ml, respectively). No significant differences were noted in the serum IL-6 levels between these two groups (105.8±17.1 and 84.8±17.1 pg/ml, respectively). Both salivary and serum IL-6 levels in the normal controls were below the level of detection of the assay. Positive correlation (r = 0.8613, P〈0.0001) was found between salivary IL-6 levels and the focus score of labial biopsies in SS patients. Elevated salivary IL-6 levels appear to be a consequence of local production and may reflect the component of salivary gland inflammation in SS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002960050070
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A correction algorithm for token-passing sequences in mobile communication networks (1989)
    Springer
    Algorithmica 4 (1989), S. 329-341 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0541
    Keywords: Round-robin token-passing ; Mobile communication ; Euclidean Traveling Salesman tours ; Approximation algorithms ; Incremental corrections
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We present a distributed approximation algorithm for the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) in networks that use a broadcast, multiaccess communication channel. The application for which the algorithm was originally designed is maintaining a short token-passing path (which means low scheduling overhead) in radio networks with mobile nodes. The algorithm is adaptive in the sense that it shifts gradually between performing a slight correction of an existing tour and recomputing one “from scratch.” It can thus be viewed as a generalization, or extension, of conventional TSP algorithms. The proposed algorithm guarantees the same worst-case tour length as the one guaranteed by any conventional “from scratch” algorithm, yet it is capable of taking advantage of certain node layouts (e.g., geographically clustered nodes) to reduce the cost of computing the path. The correction algorithm is suitable for dynamic graphs with slowly changing edge weights, and for which a Traveling Salesman tour (optimal or approximate) has previously been computed and is “deteriorating” with time due to the weight changes. The algorithm can be used to “refresh” the tour whenever it deteriorates beyond a given level, and thus maintain a reasonable average tour length at relatively low computation and communication costs. For a Euclidean graph withn nodes laid out in a bounded area with diameterD, the maximal length of the tour produced by the algorithm is proportional toD√n, like the maximal length of an optimal tour in that graph (the two differ by a factor of 2 at the worst case).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01553895
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stimulation of prostaglandin E production in cultured human fibroblasts by poly(I) · poly(C) and human interferon (1977)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 267 (1977), S. 457-459 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 Time course of stimulation of PGE production in cultured synovial fibroblasts by poly(I)-poly(C) and human interferon. Synovial fibroblasts were sown (about 4x 105 cells per ml) in a medium containing Parker CMRL-1066 (80%), heat-inactivated human serum (10%) and foetal calf serum (10%), ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/267457a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distributed algorithms for constructing a minimum-weight spanning tree in a broadcast network (1987)
    Springer
    Distributed computing 2 (1987), S. 139-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0452
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract Two distributed algorithms are presented for a network using a common communication channel (e.g. radio) in which all nodes are within signal range and in line of sight of each other: (a) an algorithm to compute all $$\left( {\begin{array}{*{20}c} N \\ 2 \\ \end{array} } \right)$$ internode distances (in terms of propagation delays) in the network. the algorithm requires only 2 messages per node, and provides each node with the distances to all other nodes. (b) An algorithm for constructing a minimum-weight spanning tree (MST) in such a network. This algorithm starts out with the information provided by (a) and ends with each node possessing the explicit knowledge of the full MST. The algorithm requires at most log2 N messages per node. The internal processing in each node needsO(N logN) time andO(N) space. All messages required by (a) and (b) contain at most one edge weight plus 2 log2 N bits. Some possible applications of the algorithms are: position-location, tuning acknowledgement time-out mechanisms, tuning the scheduling functions of access protocols that are sensitive to individual internode propagation delays, and selecting performance effective transmission sequences for round robin access protocols.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01782774
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Similarity rules and degrees of thermodynamic coupling in flowing systems (1974)
    Springer
    Flow, turbulence and combustion 30 (1974), S. 17-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1987
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Thermodynamic coupling due to thermal diffusion, diffusion-thermo, and ob aliam diffusion effects in boundary layers is considered. Decoupling of the set of conservation equations is achieved by diagonalisation of the phenomenological coefficients matrix. A new Peclet number for coupled transfer is defined in terms of the eigenvalues of the diagonal matrix. The specific and overall degrees of thermodynamic coupling are shown to depend both on the values of the coupling coefficients and on the magnitude and direction of the gradients across the boundary layers. The application of the theory is illustrated for coupled transfer in two-phase particulate systems. The practical advantages of the present method lie in the possibilities to: (a) employ available solutions for (uncoupled) thermal or diffusion boundary layers to analogous cases of coupled transfer using specific degrees of coupling and the newly defined Peclet number; and (b) to estimate the overall degree of thermodynamic coupling for a given flow regime from a known overall degree of coupling for another regime. The present method establishes similarity rules for thermodynamic coupling in flow systems which enable one to evaluate the overall degree of thermodynamic coupling for a given system from available data on a different system (e.g., from liquid to gaseous system, or vice versa).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00385773
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serum Levels of Hyaluronic Acid in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis (2000)
    Springer
    Clinical rheumatology 19 (2000), S. 455-457 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-9949
    Keywords: Key words:Arthritis – Hyaluronic acid – Psoriasis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the serum levels of hyaluronic acid (HA) in a group of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), with special emphasis on the relationships between HA levels and clinical parameters of joint and skin activity. Thirty-four patients with PsA, 34 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 49 healthy volunteers participated in the study. Assessment of joint disease in patients with PsA included duration of morning stiffness, number of tender and swollen joints, right and left grip, the presence of inflammatory back pain and Schober’s test. The current severity of skin involvement was graded according to the Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI). Serum levels of HA were measured by a radiometric assay. The mean HA serum levels of patients with PsA and RA were significantly increased in comparison with healthy controls (107 ± 39.6 μg/dl in patients with PsA, whereas in patients with RA it was 168 ± 32.4 μg/dl and 36.7 ± 5.5 μg/dl in healthy controls). A highly significant correlation was found between levels of HA and index of skin involvement, but no association was found between HA levels and clinical parameters of joint severity. We conclude that in this cohort of patients with PsA, HA levels clearly reflected psoriatic skin involvement although it did not correlate with joint disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100670070005
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect ofd-penicillamine on fibroblast-leukocyte interaction in vitro (1976)
    Springer
    Inflammation 1 (1976), S. 231-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2576
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00917864
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On viscous flow and effective viscosity of concentrated suspensions and emulsions (1972)
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 11 (1972), S. 241-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Summary Previous analysis byHappel (3) of viscous flow in concentrated solid suspensions has been extended to include concentrated emulsions of slightly deformable fluid particles in the presence or absence of surfactant impurities. General expressions were obtained for viscous flow in multi-particle systems when arbitrary shear fields are imposed. Specific relations were then derived for uniform,Couette and hyperbolic fields. The behavior is found to be strongly dependent upon particle concentration and surfactant concentration. The theoretical expressions obtained for effective viscosity of emulsions compare favorably with experimental data ofNeogy andGhosh (18),Sibree (15),Sherman (17), andBroughton andWindebank (16). These results support other studies on ensemble velocities [(10), (12), and in particular (22)], which strongly indicate the practical value and factual reliability of cell models in predicting the behavior of suspensions and emulsions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01974767
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transient mass or heat transfer in ensembles of drops or bubbles translating at low reynolds numbers (1973)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 19 (1973), S. 200-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690190137
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