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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystallization behavior of poly(propylene)/polyamide 1010 blends using poly(propylene)-graft-glycidyl methacrylate as compatibilizer (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 248 (1997), S. 189-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Blends aus Polyamid 1010 (PA 1010) und Polypropylen(PP) wurden mit oder ohne Zusatz von Polypropylen-Glycidylmethacrylat-Pfropfcopolymeren (PP-g-GMA) untersucht. Der Einfluß dieses Verträglichkeitsvermittlers auf die thermischen Eigenschaften und das Kristallisationsverhalten der Blends wurde mit Differentialkalorimetrie und Weitwinkel-Röntgenbeugung ermittelt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß die Kristallisation von PA 1010 durch PP-g-GMA merklich beeinflußt wird. PP/PA 1010 (75/25)-Blends mit höheren PP-g-GMA-Gehalten weisen eine konkurrierende Kristallisation der Phasen bei der Kristallisationstemperatur des Polypropylens auf. Die Kinetik der isothermen Kristallisation wurde untersucht, um den Einfluß der Verträglichkeitsvermittlung auf die Keimbildung und den Mechanismus des Keimwachstums zu beurteilen. In PP/PA 1010 (25/75)-Blends wurde trotz hoher PP-g-GMA-Gehalte keine konkurrierende Kristallisation beobachtet.
    Notes: Polyamide 1010/poly(propylene) (PA1010/PP) blends were investigated with and without the addition of poly(propylene)-graft-glycidyl methacrylate (PP-g-GMA). The effect of the compatibilizer on the thermal properties and crystallization behavior was determined by differential scanning calorimetry and wide-angle X-ray diffraction. From the results it is found that the crystallization of PA 1010 is significantly affected by the presence of PP-g-GMA. PP/PA 1010 (75/25) blends containing higher amounts of PP-g-GMA show concurrent crystallization at the crystallization temperature of PP. Isothermal crystallization kinetics also were performed in order to investigate the influence of the compatibilized process on the nucleation and growth mechanism. In the PP/PA 1010 (25/75) blends, concurrent crystallization behavior was not observed, even though the amount of PP-g-GMA was high.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1997.052480112
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystallization, morphology, and thermal behaviour of ethylene/propylene copolymers (1987)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 188 (1987), S. 2231-2239 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The morphology and the texture of thin films of ethylene/propylene copolymers with crystallizable polypropylene blocks was investigated by optical and electron microscopy as a function of both molecular composition and crystallization conditions. The thermal and melting behaviour was also studied. It was found that variables such as the observed melting point as well as the enthalpy and the entropy of fusion are composition dependent. Contrary, the equilibrium melting temperature seems to be invariant with composition in agreement with the block type of the investigated copolymers.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1987.021880920
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Small-angle X-ray scattering studies on poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) blends (1990)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 191 (1990), S. 375-380 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The structures of unannealed and annealed poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVAl)/poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrro-lidone) (PVP) blends were investigated by means of small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The results indicate that the structural parameters are strongly dependent upon both composition and crystallization conditions. The amorphous region, the long period and the thickness of the lamellae increase with increasing content of PVP in the blends. Annealing increases the crystallinity significantly. The degree of crystallinity and the specific inner surface are reduced with decreasing content of PVAl. A crystal-amorphous interface exists within the lamellae; the size of the interface is of the order of 20-25 Å.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1990.021910211
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In situ composite: Phenolphthalein polyethersulfone - thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer blends (1995)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 35 (1995), S. 658-665 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Phase behavior, thermal, rheological and mechanical properties plus morphology have been studied for a binary polymer blend. The blend is phenolphthalein polyethersulfone (PES-C) with a thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer (LCP), a condensation copolymer of p-hydroxybenzoic acid with ethylene terephthalate (PHB-PET). It was found that these two polymers from optically isotropic and homogeneous blends by means of a solvent casting method. The homogeneous blends undergo phase separation during heat treatment. However, melt mixed PES-C/PHB-PET blends were heterogeneous based upon DSC and DMA analysis and SEM examination. Addition of LCP in PES-C resulted in a marked reduction of melt viscosity and thus improved processability. Compared to pure PES-C, the charpy impact strength of the blend containing 2.5% LCP increased 2.5 times. Synergistic effects were also observed for the mechanical properties of blends containing 〈 10% LCP. Particulates, ribbons, and fibrils were found to be the typical morphological units of PHB-PET in the PES-C matrix, which depended upon the concentration of LCP and the processing conditions.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760350805
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The characterization of the interfacial reaction in polyamide 1010/poly(propylene)-graft-(glycidyl methacrylate) blends (1998)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 199 (1998), S. 2631-2634 
    Details
    ISSN: 1022-1352
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Binary blends of polyamide 1010/poly(propylene) and polyamide 1010 (PA1010)/poly(propylene)-graft-(glycidyl methacrylate) (PP-g-GMA) were prepared. The epoxy groups in PP-g-GMA react with the amino end-groups in PA1010, thus a PA1010-graft-PP copolymer is formed and acts as a compatibilizer between PA1010 and PP-g-GMA. The reaction was confirmed by electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) and attenuated total reflection (ATR)-FTIR spectroscopic analysis, and also evaluated by the stability of the suspension obtained by dissolving the blends in formic acid and by the morphologies of the blends.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The phase inversion and morphology of nylon 1010/polypropylene blends (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 62 (1996), S. 893-901 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Noncompatibilized and compatibilized blends of nylon 1010/PP blends having five different viscosity ratios were prepared by melt extrusion. Glycidyl methacrylate-grafted-polypro-pylene (PP-g-GMA) was used as the compatibilizer to enbance the adhesion between the two polymers and to stabilize the blend morphology. The effect of the viscosity ratio on the morphology of nylon 1010/polypropylene blends was investigated, with primary attention to the phase-inversion behavior and the average particle size of the dispersed phase. The relationship between the mechanical properties and the phase-inversion composition was investigated as well. Investigation of the morphology of the blends by microscopy indicated that the smaller the viscosity ratio (ηpp/ηpa) the smaller was the polypropylene concentration at which the phase inversion took place and polypropylene became the continuous phase. The compatibilizer induced a sharp reduction of particle size, but did not have a major effect on the phase-inversion point. An improvement in the mechanical properties was found when nylon 1010 provided the matrix phase. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fracture toughness and morphology of phenolphthalein poly(ether sulfone)-thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer blends (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 52 (1994), S. 1365-1371 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Blends of a new phenolphthalein poly(ether sulfone) (PES-C) and a thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) were prepared by melt-blending in a twin-screw extruder. Rheological properties, fracture toughness, KIC, and morphology of the blends were studied. It was found that the addition of LCP could reduce the melting viscosity and improve the fracture toughness of the PES-C matrix. The morphology of the LCP phase for the fractured section changed with increasing LCP content in the blend from dropletlike to fibrillar and layered structure. Strong interfacial adhesion could be observed at a lower content of LCP. The toughening mechanisms by blending LCP were also discussed. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070521002
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Miscibility studies of poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(vinyl acetate) blends by viscometry methods (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 56 (1995), S. 247-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The intrinsic viscosities of poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(vinyl acetate) blends (PEO-PVA) have been measured in chloroform as a function of molecular weights of blend components and compositions. The interaction parameters Δb obtained from the modified Krigbaum and Wall theory and the differences between the intrinsic viscosities of polymer mixtures and the weight-average intrinsic viscosities of the two blend components were both used to characterize the extent of miscibility of the blend mixtures. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1995.070560215
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal analysis of ethylene-propylene copolymer-grafted-glycidyl methacrylate (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 62 (1996), S. 1933-1939 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The thermal properties of ethylene-propylene copolymer grafted with glycidyl methacrylate (EP-g-GMA) were investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Compared to the plain ethylene-propylene copolymer (EP), peak values of melting temperature (Tm) of the propylene sequences in the grafted EP changed a little, crystallization temperature (Tc) increased about 8-12°C, and melting enthalpy (ΔHm) increased about 4-6 J/g. The isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of grafted and ungrafted samples was carried out by DSC. Within the scope of the researched crystallization temperature, the Avrami exponent (n) of ungrafted sample is 1.6-1.8, and those of grafted samples are all above 2. The crystallization rates of propylene sequence in EP-g-GMA were faster than that in the plain EP and increased with increasing of grafted monomer content. It might be attributed to the results of rapid nucleation rate. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Grafting of glycidyl methacrylate onto ethylene-propylene copolymer: Preparation and characterization (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 61 (1996), S. 2253-2257 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Ethylene-propylene copolymer (EP) was functionalized with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) by means of a radical-initiated melt grafting reaction. FTIR and ESCA were used to characterize the formation of EP-g-GMA copolymers. The content of GMA in EP-g-GMA was determined by using hydrochloric acid/xylene titration. Effects of concentrations of GMA and dicumyl peroxide on grafting rate were studied. It was found that contact angles of the water on surfaces of EP-g-GMA samples increased with increasing content of GMA in EP-g-GMA. The influence of the content of GMA on the crystallization structure of EP-g-GMA was investigated by DSC and WAXD. Compared with the plain EP, the crystallization temperature of propylene blocks of EP-g-GMA increased over 10 K, and the melting temperature and crystallinity decreased somewhat. Functionalization of EP led to the change of the crystal form of propylene blocks from the mixed form of α and β into the α form. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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